RESUMEN
Junghuhnia is a genus of polypores traditionally characterised by a dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and presence of encrusted skeletocystidia. However, recent molecular studies revealed that Junghuhnia is polyphyletic and most of the species cluster with Steccherinum, a morphologically similar genus separated only by a hydnoid hymenophore. In the Neotropics, very little is known about the evolutionary relationships of Junghuhnia s.lat. taxa and very few species have been included in molecular studies. In order to test the proper phylogenetic placement of Neotropical species of this group, morphological and molecular analyses were carried out. Specimens were collected in Brazil and used for DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer and the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene, the translation elongation factor 1-α gene, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene. Herbarium collections, including type specimens, were studied for morphological comparison and to confirm the identity of collections. The molecular data obtained revealed that the studied species are placed in three different genera. Specimens of Junghuhnia carneola represent two distinct species that group in a lineage within the phlebioid clade, separated from Junghuhnia and Steccherinum, which belong to the residual polyporoid clade. Therefore, the new genus Geesterania is proposed including two species, G. carneola comb. nov. and G. davidii sp. nov. Neotropical specimens identified as Junghuhnia nitida represent a different lineage from the European species and are described as Steccherinum neonitidum sp. nov. In addition, the new combinations Steccherinum meridionale, Steccherinum polycystidiferum and Steccherinum undigerum, as well as the new name Flaviporus tenuis, are proposed.
RESUMEN
In vitro culture of the mutualistic fungus of leaf-cutting ants is troublesome due to its low growth rate, which leads to storage problems and contaminants accumulation. This paper aims at comparing the radial growth rate of the mutualistic fungus of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel in two different culture media (Pagnocca B and MEA LP). Although total MEA LP radial growth was greater all along the bioassay, no significant difference was detected between growth efficiencies of the two media. Previous evidences of low growth rate for this fungus were confirmed. Since these data cannot point greater efficiency of one culture medium over the other, MEA LP medium is indicated for in vitro studies with this mutualistic fungus due its simpler composition and translucent color, making the analysis easier.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Agaricus procerus , Hormigas , Medios de Cultivo , Hongos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Técnicas In Vitro , Micelio/crecimiento & desarrollo , Métodos , MétodosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and possible deleterious effects on renal parenchyma of children subjected to treatment of renal lithiasis, using renal scintigraphy with 99mTc dimercapto-succunic acid (DMSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2004 to November 2007, 18 children (age 3-10 years) underwent ESWL (Philips-Dornier) for kidney urolithiasis. All patients underwent preoperative evaluation, including physical examination, urine culture, image exams and renal scintigraphy with Tc99-DMSA. Evaluation after treatment consisted of a clinical examination, blood pressure measurement, urine culture, renal ultrasound and Tc99-DMSA, repeated at 3, 6 and 12 months, which were compared to the scans obtained before ESWL to determine possible morphological or functional changes. RESULTS: Success in the stones fragmentation was achieved in all cases - in 9 patients (50%) with one session of ESWL, in 6 (33%) with two sessions and in 3 patients (17%) with 3 sessions of ESWL. Only one patient (5%), after three sessions of ESWL and 6 months of follow-up showed change in size of right kidney with a decrease in tubular function, without hypertension or other major changes. In the other cases, there was absence of hypertension up to 12 months of follow-up, absence of renal hematomas detected by ultrasound or significant renal scars in scintigraphic examinations. CONCLUSION: ESWL is effective and safe for treating renal lithiasis in children. Renal parenchyma lesions may occur early after treatment, but these lesions are transients and resolve spontaneously in virtually all cases; generally, there are no irreversible renal lesions associated with ESWL, even after the follow-up period with clinical examination, ultrasound examination and 99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy.
Asunto(s)
Cálculos Renales/terapia , Riñón/diagnóstico por imagen , Litotricia/efectos adversos , Radiofármacos , Ácido Dimercaptosuccínico de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Riñón/patología , Cálculos Renales/patología , Pruebas de Función Renal , Túbulos Renales/fisiopatología , Cintigrafía , Resultado del Tratamiento , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Objetivo: determinar la eficacia de la litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque (LEOC) y los posibles efectos nocivos en el parénquima renal de niños sometidos a tratamiento de la litiasis renal mediante gammagrafía renal con ácido dimercaptosuccínico marcado con 99mTc (DMSA-99mTc). Pacientes y métodos: desde enero de 2004 a noviembre de 2007 se sometió a 18 niños (de 3-10 años) a LEOC (Philips-Dornier) por urolitiasis renal. A todos los pacientes se les realizó una evaluación preoperatoria, que incluyó una exploración física, cultivo de orina, pruebas de imagen y gammagrafía renal con DMSA-99mTc. La evaluación tras el tratamiento constó de una exploración clínica, determinación de la presión arterial, cultivo de orina, ecografía renal y DMSA-99mTC, repetidas a los 3, 6 y 12 meses, que se compararon con las exploraciones obtenidas antes de la LEOC para determinar posibles cambios morfológicos o funcionales. Resultados: se fragmentaron con éxito los cálculos en todos los casos; en 9 pacientes (50%) con una sesión de LEOC, en 6 (33%) con dos sesiones y en tres pacientes (17 %) con tres sesiones de LEOC. Sólo un paciente (5%) mostró un cambio de tamaño del riñón derecho con descenso de la función tubular, sin hipertensión ni otros cambios importantes después de tres sesiones de LEOC y 6 meses de seguimiento. En los demás casos se comprobó la ausencia de hipertensión hasta los 12 meses de seguimiento, de hematomas en la ecografía o de cicatrices renales importantes en las exploraciones gammagráficas. Conclusión: la LEOC es eficaz y segura para tratar la litiasis renal en niños. Pueden aparecer lesiones del parénquima renal precozmente tras el tratamiento, pero estas lesiones son pasajeras y se resuelven espontáneamente en prácticamente todos los casos. No existen generalmente lesiones renales irreversibles asociadas con la LEOC, ni siquiera después del periodo de seguimiento con exploración clínica y ecográfica y gammagrafía con DMSA-99mTc(AU)
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and possible deleterious effects on renal parenchyma of children subjected to treatment of renal lithiasis, using renal scintigraphy with 99mTc dimercapto-succunic acid (DMSA). Patients and methods: From January 2004 to November 2007, 18 children (age 3-10 years) underwent ESWL (Philips-Dornier) for kidney urolithiasis. All patients underwent preoperative evaluation, including physical examination, urine culture, image exams and renal scintigraphy with Tc99-DMSA. Evaluation after treatment consisted of a clinical examination, blood pressure measurement, urine culture, renal ultrasound and Tc99- DMSA, repeated at 3, 6 and 12 months, which were compared to the scans obtained before ESWL to determine possible morphological or functional changes. Results: Success in the stones fragmentation was achieved in all cases in 9 patients (50%) with one session of ESWL, in 6 (33%) with two sessions and in 3 patients (17%) with 3 sessions of ESWL. Only one patient (5%), after three sessions of ESWL and 6 months of follow-up showed change in size of right kidney with a decrease in tubular function, without hypertension or other major changes. In the other cases, there was absence of hypertension up to 12 months of follow-up, absence of renal hematomas detected by ultrasound or significant renal scars in scintigraphic examinations. Conclusion: ESWL is effective and safe for treating renal lithiasis in children. Renal parenchyma lesions may occur early after treatment, but these lesions are transients and resolve spontaneously in virtually all cases; generally, there are no irreversible renal lesions associated with ESWL, even after the follow-up period with clinical examination, ultrasound examination and 99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Litotricia/métodos , Litotricia , Urolitiasis/diagnóstico , Riñón/citología , Riñón/patología , Riñón , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Ácido Dimercaptosuccínico de Tecnecio Tc 99m/análisisRESUMEN
In vitro culture of the mutualistic fungus of leaf-cutting ants is troublesome due to its low growth rate, which leads to storage problems and contaminants accumulation. This paper aims at comparing the radial growth rate of the mutualistic fungus of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel in two different culture media (Pagnocca B and MEA LP). Although total MEA LP radial growth was greater all along the bioassay, no significant difference was detected between growth efficiencies of the two media. Previous evidences of low growth rate for this fungus were confirmed. Since these data cannot point greater efficiency of one culture medium over the other, MEA LP medium is indicated for in vitro studies with this mutualistic fungus due its simpler composition and translucent color, making the analysis easier.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Analyze the treatment satisfaction and impact on patients with localized prostate cancer. METHODS: One-hundred and eighty patients, with mean age of 60 years, were divided into three groups: group I--100 patients submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), group II--40 patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT), and group III--40 healthy men. A questionnaire was applied to the groups to assess physical and psychological changes 18 months after treatment. The investigational tool was based on two questionnaires; first: SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey), second: FACT-P (Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy). RESULTS: In group I, 70% never used pads, 5% presented with complete urinary incontinence, and 10% reported occasional stool leakage. In group II, 85% did not use pads and 5% reported two pads a day; 15% reported stool leakage or intestinal cramps. Sexual dysfunction was similar in both groups: 75% of the surgical group and 72.5% of the radiotherapy group reported erectile dysfunction. In the control group, 40% reported erectile dysfunction; 10% reported occasional stool leakage and none had changes regarding the overall treatment-related satisfaction. Seventy-eight percent of the RRP group and 77.5% of the RT group reported being happy respecting satisfaction with the accepted or chosen treatment, and affirmed that would choose it again. CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of treatment-related satisfaction determines the treatment tolerability. This study's results did not show any significant changes in this issue between both treatment modalities (p>0.05).
Asunto(s)
Satisfacción del Paciente , Prostatectomía , Neoplasias de la Próstata/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Próstata/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/psicología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Objetivo: Analizar la satisfacción y el impacto del tratamiento en pacientes con cáncer de próstata localizado. Métodos: 180 pacientes con una edad media de 60 años que fueron divididos en 3 grupos: grupo I - 100 pacientes que se habían sometido a prostatectomía radical retropúbica (PRR), grupo II- 40 pacientes sometidos a radioterapia (RT), y grupo III - 40 hombres sanos. Se aplicó un cuestionario a los grupos para valorar los cambios físicos y psicológicos a los 18 meses tras el tratamiento. La herramienta de investigación se basó en dos cuestionarios; primero: SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey), segundo: FACT-P (Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy). Resultados: En el grupo I, el 70% nunca usó compresas, el 5% tuvo incontinencia urinaria total, y el 10% pérdidas ocasionales de heces. En el grupo II, 85% no utilizó compresas y el 5% informó haber utilizado dos compresas al día; 15% reportaron incontinencia fecal. La disfunción sexual fue similar en ambos grupos: 75% del grupo de cirugía y el 72,5% del de radioterapia informaron de disfunción eréctil. En el grupo de control, 40% informaron de disfunción eréctil; 10% pérdidas ocasionales de heces y ninguno tuvo cambios por lo que respecta a la satisfacción global con el tratamiento. Setenta y ocho por ciento del grupo de PRR y el 77,5% del de RT informaron sentirse felices y satisfechos del tratamiento aceptado o elegido y afirmaron que lo elegirían de nuevo. Conclusiones: La valoración de la satisfacción relacionada con el tratamiento determina la tolerancia al mismo. Los resultados de este estudio no muestran cambios importantes en este aspecto entre ambas modalidades de tratamiento (p>0,05) (AU)
Objective: Analyze the treatment satisfaction and impact on patients with localized prostate cancer. Methods: One-hundred and eighty patients, with mean age of 60 years, were divided into three groups: group I - 100 patients submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), group-II 40 patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT), and group III 40 healthy men. A questionnaire was applied to the groups to assess physical and psychological changes 18 months after treatment. The investigational tool was based on two questionnaires; first: SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey), second: FACT-P (Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy).Results: In group I, 70% never used pads, 5% presented with complete urinary incontinence, and 10% reported occasional stool leakage. In group II, 85% did not use pads and 5% reported two pads a day; 15% reported stool leakage or intestinal cramps. Sexual dysfunction was similar in both groups: 75% of the surgical group and 72.5% of the radiotherapy group reported erectile dysfunction. In the control group, 40% reported erectile dysfunction; 10% reported occasional stool leakage and none had changes regarding the overall treatment-related satisfaction. Seventy-eight percent of the RRP group and 77.5% of the RT group reported being happy respecting satisfaction with the accepted or chosen treatment, and affirmed that would choose it again. Conclusions: The assessment of treatment-related satisfaction determines the treatment tolerability. This studys results did not show any significant changes in this issue between both treatment modalities (p>0.05) (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/terapia , Prostatectomía , Radioterapia , Perfil de Impacto de Enfermedad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/psicología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Calidad de VidaAsunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos/historia , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/provisión & distribución , Contaminación del Aire/ética , Contaminación del Aire/historia , Carbón Mineral/efectos adversos , Carbón Mineral/historia , Salud Ambiental/ética , Salud Ambiental/historia , Salud Ambiental/organización & administración , Humo/efectos adversos , Humo/prevención & control , Salud Urbana , Mujeres , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/envenenamiento , Contaminación del Aire/efectos adversos , Contaminación del Aire/economía , Contaminación del Aire/legislación & jurisprudencia , Contaminación del Aire/prevención & control , Carbón Mineral/economía , Carbón Mineral/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Ambiental/economía , Femenino , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Periódicos como Asunto/historia , Periódicos como Asunto/estadística & datos numéricos , Pennsylvania , Política , Clase Social , Condiciones Sociales/economía , Condiciones Sociales/historia , Salud Urbana/historia , Salud Urbana/normas , Salud Urbana/tendencias , Mujeres/historiaAsunto(s)
Control de la Conducta , Eugenesia/historia , Esterilización Involuntaria/historia , Vasectomía/historia , Eugenesia/legislación & jurisprudencia , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Indiana , Legislación como Asunto/historia , Masculino , Personas con Discapacidades Mentales/historia , Personas con Discapacidades Mentales/legislación & jurisprudencia , Prisioneros/historia , Medición de Riesgo , Estados UnidosAsunto(s)
Prótesis de Cadera , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Ingeniería Biomédica , Fémur/fisiología , HumanosRESUMEN
Amyotrophic choreoacanthocytosis (ACA) is a hereditary disease characterized by adult onset, hyperkinesias (with tongue and/or lip biting), neurogenic muscular atrophies, acanthocytosis and normal blood lipoprotein pattern. In this paper we cite 8 patients belonging to three families, describing 6 patients of two of the families. We query the supposed rarity of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Acantocitos , Corea/genética , Eritrocitos Anormales , Atrofia Muscular/genética , Adulto , Colesterol/sangre , Corea/sangre , Creatina Quinasa/sangre , Trastornos de Deglución/genética , Femenino , Marcha , Humanos , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Atrofia Muscular/sangre , Policitemia/genética , Triglicéridos/sangreAsunto(s)
Acantocitos , Corea/genética , Eritrocitos Anormales , Atrofia Muscular/genética , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Feito um levantamento de 61 casos de tumores renais em adultos, ocorrido no periodo de 1964 a 1981, ressaltando a importancia de estudo clinico e radiologico na feitura do diagnostico e mostrando as dificuldades encontradas para a feitura precoce desse diagnostico, o que leva a obtencao de resultados aquem dos desejados apos a instituicao do tratamento
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Neoplasias Renales , NefrectomíaRESUMEN
The role of recent research started in Italy, funded by the National Research Council, is stressed. The newly built Bcg facilities at the Polytechnic of Turin are concisely described. Current experimental research concerns the evaluation of a new type of concave-convex Bcg bed. Results from three healthy male individuals are shown and briefly discussed.
Asunto(s)
Centros Médicos Académicos , Balistocardiografía , Adulto , Balistocardiografía/instrumentación , Lechos , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Italia , Masculino , Poliestirenos , UniversidadesRESUMEN
Since the analysis of the Bcg signal in the time domain is conveniently performed on a one-heartbeat block obtained by averaging a number of such blocks extracted from a continuous recording, the problem exists of which is the best relative phasing of the blocks before averaging. Supposing that each block has been expanded in a truncated Fourier series, an algorithm is found that allows one to determine the relative phase shift of the blocks; this is done by imposing the requirement that the integral variance over the period be a minimum. The influence of this procedure is tested on the width of confidence limits of a measure of signal dispersion of two different Bcg beds.