Asunto(s)
Obstrucción Nasal , Rinoplastia , Humanos , Obstrucción Nasal/cirugía , Tabique Nasal/cirugíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the structural and functional changes in mitochondria in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in the simulated sepsis environment in vitro and the relationship between these changes and the biogenesis of mitochondria in astrocytes by establishing models of sepsis astrocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The structural and functional changes in mitochondria in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats were evaluated. The ultra structural changes in the mitochondria, astrocytes, and ultrathin sections, were observed with a transmission electron microscope. The expression of the regulatory factors related to biogenesis of mitochondria in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats was evaluated in various experimental groups. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the expression of the regulatory factors related to biogenesis of mitochondria in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats. The "point grid method" was used to evaluate the volume density of the mitochondria in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in various experimental groups. The Western blotting was used to evaluate the role of fusion and fission of mitochondria in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in various experimental groups in regulating the expression of the protein-OPAI and DRPI. RESULTS: In the sepsis astrocyte models established by co-incubation of LPS and IFN-γ and astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats, the mitochondria with a minor injury in the 6 h group (2.97± 0.92) increased significantly when compared with those in the 0 h group (1.08±0.95), 12 h group (1.70±1.01), and 24 h group (1.59±0.55) (p<0.05); the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in the 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h groups increased significantly when compared with that in the 0 h group (p<0.05). PGC-1α mRNA, NRF-1 mRNA, NRF-2α mRNA, NRF-2ß mRNA, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mRNA in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in the 6 h and 12 h groups increased significantly when compared with those in the 0 h group (p<0.05); the concentration of TFAM mRNA (1.20±0.19) increased significantly when compared with that in the 0 h group (p<0.05). The OPAI protein concentration (1.21±0.17:1.34±0.06) and DRPI protein concentration (1.04±0.05; 1.05±0.05) in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats in the 12 h group (1.25±0.17), 24 h group (1.33±0.24), and 6 h group increased significantly when compared with that in the 0 h group (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental sepsis conditions can cause a minor injury of the ultrastructure of the mitochondria in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats. The biogenesis of the mitochondria in the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats was strengthened to cater for the increased demand for energy of the astrocytes under the sepsis conditions and finally recover the ultrastructure of the mitochondria with a minor injury. In response to the increased mitochondrial biogenesis, the activities of the mitochondrial fusion and fission of the astrocytes of the cerebral cortex of the rats were increased.
Asunto(s)
Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Biogénesis de Organelos , Encefalopatía Asociada a la Sepsis/patología , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Astrocitos/citología , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análisis , Corteza Cerebral/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Interferón gamma/farmacología , Interleucina-6/análisis , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/ultraestructura , Proteínas Mitocondriales/genética , Proteínas Mitocondriales/metabolismo , Factor 1 Relacionado con NF-E2/genética , Factor 1 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Encefalopatía Asociada a la Sepsis/veterinaria , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/análisisRESUMEN
Qian-Hu is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of respiratory diseases and pulmonary hypertension. We compared the relaxant effects of pyranocoumarin compounds, including (+)-praeruptorin A (Pra-C), Pd-Ia (=(+/-)-praeruptorin A), pteryxin, peucedanocoumarin II (P-II) and 8-methoxy-psoralen (8-MOP) purified from Bai-Hua Qian-Hu (BQ) in isolated rabbit tracheas and pulmonary arteries. Pra-C, pteryxin and Pd-Ia produced significant relaxant effects in tracheal preparations constricted with 40 mM KCl or 10 microM acetylcholine. The relaxant response to Pra-C, pteryxin or Pd-Ia in preparations constricted with KCl was significantly more potent than that in preparations constricted with acetylcholine. Pra-C, pteryxin or Pd-Ia at a concentration of 30 microM completely relaxed tracheas constricted with 40 mM KCl, whereas P-II at the same concentration showed only partial relaxation. In pulmonary arterial preparations, 8-MOP produced a significant relaxant effect on contractions by 10 microM phenylephrine, without any effect on the contraction by 40 mM KCl. These results suggest that Pd-Ia, pteryxin and Pra-C for their calcium antagonistic action, and 8-MOP for its inhibitory effect on contraction induced by phenylephrine, may be the active principles of BQ for relaxing the smooth muscle of tracheas and pulmonary arteries, and the principle may produce a synergistic effect.
Asunto(s)
Broncodilatadores/farmacología , Cumarinas/farmacología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Arteria Pulmonar/efectos de los fármacos , Tráquea/efectos de los fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacología , Animales , Cumarinas/aislamiento & purificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Femenino , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Metoxaleno/farmacología , Arteria Pulmonar/fisiología , Conejos , Tráquea/fisiologíaRESUMEN
In order to evaluate the role and mechanism of Jinshisan (JSS) in bile stone dissolution, 164 cases of extra-/ intrahepatic biliary stone patients were treated by a collaborated group, the therapeutic effect was observed by B-ultrasonography before and after treatment. Results showed: (1) Among the 164 cases, 26 cases (15.85%) were cured clinically; 73 (44.51%) were effective and 65 (39.63%) ineffective. (2) After treatment, in 84 patients of right hepatolith, the stone were diappeared in 10 cases, the size or number of stone decreased in 44 casess. In 34 patients with left hepatolith, the figure were 5 and 13 respectively. In 10 cases of choledocholith they were 10 and 10 respectively. While in 21 cases of multiple gallstone, only one case with stones of both sides disappeared, except 3 ineffective cases, others with stone decreased in size or number or disappeared unilaterally. (3) Gallston diappeared in 7 of 10 patients with size of stone
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Colagogos y Coleréticos/uso terapéutico , Colelitiasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Materia Medica/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bilis/metabolismo , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/metabolismo , Conductos Biliares Extrahepáticos , Conductos Biliares Intrahepáticos , Bilirrubina/metabolismo , Colelitiasis/sangre , Combinación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Cálculos Biliares/sangre , Cálculos Biliares/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The role of da cheng qi decoction co. (DCQDC) in preventing endotoxemia in obstructive jaundice has been investigated. A prospective study was performed on 43 consecutive patients with obstructive jaundice undergoing surgery. 24 patients were given oral DCQDC before operation and were compared with 19 jaundiced control patients and 17 non-jaundiced control patients. The incidence of endotoxemia was reduced in perioperative portal (P less than 0.05) and postoperative systemic (P less than 0.01) blood samples in the DCQDC treated group, and a significant fall of the postoperative 24h creatinine clearance (P less than 0.01) and the plasma fibronectin level (P less than 0.01) occurred in jaundiced controls compared with the DCQDC treated group. DCQDC may reduce endotoxin absorption by a reduction or alteration of gut flora thereby reducing the endotoxin pool available for absorption as well as by a direct effect on endotoxin. Result of this study indicated that DCQDC had a beneficial effect on endotoxemia or outcome in obstructive jaundice.