RESUMEN
This study evaluates the effect of chemically induced bowel denervation on survival, weight gain or loss, transit time, and d-xylose absorption in rats following 80% small bowel resection. Forty-three male Sprague-Dawley rats (150 g) underwent 80% midsmall bowel resection and anastomosis. Twenty rats were short bowel controls (group I). In 23 rats (group II), a 2.0 cm segment of jejunum proximal to the anastomosis was denervated by application of 0.1% benzalkonium chloride (BK) for 30 minutes. Ten additional rats underwent sham laparotomy without bowel resection. Five remained untreated (group III) and in 5 (BK) denervation was added (group IV). Bowel denervation was confirmed by histologic study in all (BK) rats. Weight and daily food and water intake were measured for 30 days and the groups compared. Weight in group I was 43.8 +/- 52.9 g, group II 95.0 +/- 50.1, (P less than .005), group III 177 g, and group IV 175 g. Food intake was greater in group I than II (P less than .05) and was similar to groups III and IV. Water intake calculated as animal weight (g)/mL H2O ingested was lowest in group I (P less than .05). Mortality was 30% in group I (6/20) and only 8.6% in group II (2/23). No deaths were observed in unresected controls (III and IV). Twenty-four additional rats were evaluated for d-xylose absorption and transit time by bringing out a loop enterostomy 10.0 cm from the Ligament of Treitz. Twelve rats were ostomy controls (group V).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Benzalconio/farmacología , Desnervación/métodos , Yeyuno/efectos de los fármacos , Síndromes de Malabsorción/terapia , Síndrome del Intestino Corto/terapia , Animales , Peso Corporal , Absorción Intestinal , Yeyuno/inervación , Masculino , Ratas , Síndrome del Intestino Corto/metabolismo , Síndrome del Intestino Corto/mortalidad , Factores de Tiempo , XilosaRESUMEN
Lung metastasis is a frequent cancer complication resulting in significant mortality. This study evaluates the effect of coumadin and cytoxan alone and in combination on lung metastases in rats challenged with Morris hepatoma 3924A. Seventy-seven male American Cancer Institute (ACI) rats weighing 200 g were studied. Thirty-seven rats received coumadin orally for six days, which resulted in a prothrombin time 2 times that of controls (30 sec). All rats received 1 X 10(5) clumped Morris hepatoma cells via tail vein injection. Animals were divided into four groups: Group I (controls, n = 20) received no antitumor treatment; group II rats (n = 20) received 25 mg/kg cytoxan intraperitoneally at the time of tumor challenge; group III animals (n = 19) received coumadin alone; while group IV (n = 18) received both coumadin and cytoxan. Rats were evaluated for number of lung metastases and lung weight at 3 weeks postinjection. Data was subjected to statistical analysis by the Student's test. The mean number of lung metastases were 580 +/- 45 in group I, 350 +/- 310 in group II, 330 +/- 263 in group III, and 200 +/- 161 in group IV (P less than .005 [IV] v [I], P less than .05 [IV] v [II], [III]), (P less than .05 [II] v [I]), (P less than .05 [III] v [I]). Mean lung weights were 2.597 g +/- 1.65 in group I, 2.049 g +/- 0.75 in group II, 1.898 g +/- 0.80 in group III, and 1,677 g +/- 0.31 in group IV. (P less than .025 [IV] v [I], P less than .05 [IV] v [II]).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Asunto(s)
Ciclofosfamida/farmacología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundario , Warfarina/farmacología , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/secundario , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas ACIRESUMEN
This study evaluates the effect of reverse electrical pacing on intestinal absorption and transit time in an enterostomy model. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats (148 to 208 gm) underwent division and anastomosis of the proximal jejunum to eliminate the proximal gastroduodenal pacemaker. A 30.0 cm loop ileostomy was formed, and leads were placed at 1.0 and 3.0 cm proximal to the stoma. Reverse pacing was done with a 0.25 Hz, 50 msec pulse at 0.1 mA. Transit time was evaluated with 1.0 ml barium gavage and was 12 +/- 4 minutes in group I controls (n = 13) versus 27 +/- 21 minutes in group II (n = 12) reverse-paced rats (p less than 0.025). D-Xylose absorption was determined in 18 rats. Levels were 14.0 +/- 3.6 mg/dl in control rats (n = 6) and 15.5 +/- 3.4 mg/dl in reverse-paced rats (n = 6). Increasing the pulse milliamperage to 2.0 mA (n = 6) increased D-xylose serum levels to 38.8 +/- 27.7 mg/dl (p less than 0.05). Transit rate and net water flux were determined in eight additional rats with 15 cm Theiry-Vella loops. Transit rate was measured with 0.2 ml of methylene blue and was 3.00 +/- 2.32 ml/min in unpaced rats compared with 9.95 +/- 0.71 ml/min with reverse pacing (p less than 0.025). Water flux studies showed that control rats had a net secretory loss of 0.20 +/- 0.48 ml/cm while paced rats absorbed 0.08 +/- 0.12 ml/cm. These data indicate that reverse electrical pacing increases transit time and nutrient and fluid absorption. These observations suggest that reverse electrical pacing may be a useful adjunct in instances of short gut associated with an enterostomy.