RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Hypothesising that cancer of unknown primary (CUP) may harbour unique characteristics, we present a translational study of the immunohistochemical expression and clinical correlation of key PTEN/AKT pathway molecules. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We collected 100 paraffin-embedded CUP tissue blocks. We studied using tissue microarrays the expression of PTEN, phospho-AKT, Cyclin D1, p21, phospho-RPS6. From the percentage of staining tumour cells and the literature, we selected cut-offs to classify the expression of each biomolecule. We correlated IHC expression with clinical data. RESULTS: PTEN, pAKT, and pRPS6 showed frequent expression. At univariate analysis, high IHC expression of pAKT and pRPS6 displayed statistically significant association with worse survival. Prognosis was worse upon concurrent high IHC expression of pMAPK and pAKT {median overall survival = 8 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3-10.7] versus 17 months [95% CI 13.1-20.9]}. In multivariate analysis, high p21 was associated with better survival (risk ratio [RR] = 0.34 [95% CI 0.16-0.73], P = 0.005). High expression of pAKT (RR = 2.39 [95% CI 1.23-4.66], P = 0.01) or pRPS6 (RR = 2.76 [95% CI 1.31-5.84], P = 0.008) was associated with worse survival. CONCLUSIONS: p21 expression conferred favourable prognosis, while high pAKT or pRPS6 expression predicted worse prognosis. Concurrent MAPK and pAKT expression had a marked adverse impact on survival.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Primarias Desconocidas/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Humanos , Neoplasias Primarias Desconocidas/patología , Pronóstico , Análisis de Matrices Tisulares

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To study the phenomenon of positive urine cytology in patients with lung cancer in the absence of obvious urothelial metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 150 patients with small (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of all stages and 3 control groups were prospectively studied. Immunocytochemical study (cytokeratins 7-20, TTF1) in all positive urine specimens and chemokine profile (CXCR4, CCL21) study of the primary tumor in selected positive patients was performed. In experimental study, C57Bl/6 BALB/C mice injected with LLC lung and 4T1 mammary cancer cells were used for the detection of positive urine cytology. RESULTS: 11% of patients with NSCLC, 7% of patients with SCLC and none of the control group had positive urine cytology. In NSCLC, metastatic disease and high tumor burden positively correlated (p=0.01 and 0.03 respectively) with the phenomenon. In SCLC, correlation with extensive disease and multiple metastatic sites (p=0.02 and 0.04 respectively) was found. No correlation was found in either group with: age, gender, histology, performance status, line of chemotherapy, previous platinum-based chemotherapy, adrenal metastases, renal function, abnormal urinary sediment, response to chemotherapy and overall survival (p=0.9). Distinctive chemokine expression was identified in positive patients studied and was not observed in negative patients (×2 p=0.008). In the experimental study, only the LLC lung cancer cells were detected in the urine cytology of mice. CONCLUSION: This phenomenon, carrying undefined pathophysiological mechanisms, seems to characterize only patients with metastatic/extensive disease and high tumor burden. Further studies are needed to validate our preliminary chemokine expression results.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/orina , Neoplasias Pulmonares/orina , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/orina , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patología , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/orina , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Quimiocina CCL21/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidad , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Mamarias Experimentales/orina , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Receptores CXCR4/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/mortalidad , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/patología , Trasplante Heterólogo , Neoplasias Urológicas/secundario

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: To investigate the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics (age, sex, tumor location, socioeconomic status) and potential predisposing factors (alcohol, tobacco, mobile phone use, severe head trauma) of cerebral gliomas in a defined area of Northwest Greece. METHODS: The prospective study was conducted in patients with gliomas referred to all 7 hospitals of a study area with a population of 488,435 inhabitants, from June 1, 2005, to May 31, 2007. Incidence rates (IR) were calculated as new cases diagnosed among residents of the study area during the study period per 100,000 inhabitants. A case-control study was carried out in order to study the possible association of the risk of glioma with smoking, alcohol, use of mobile phone, and severe cranial trauma. RESULTS: A total of 56 glioma incident cases were identified with IRs of glioma and glioblastoma (GBM) at 5.73/10(5)/year and 3.69/10(5)/year, respectively. A male to female ratio of 1.25 was obtained in the GBM group. IRs of glioma and GBM for both males and females were higher in the age group 60-79. The most frequent anatomic location was the frontal lobe. 46.5% of the patients originated from the low, 25% from the middle and 28.5% from the high socioeconomic class. There was no significant association between glioma and alcohol consumption, smoking and mobile phone use. A trend for a positive association between the risk of glioma and a history of severe cranial trauma was observed, but this association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The estimated IR of glioma and GBM in this study was higher compared with data from other studies carried out on European, Asian and US populations. Further studies may be needed to assess the possible association of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors with the high occurrence of gliomas observed in this study.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Encefálicas/epidemiología , Glioma/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Encéfalo/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Causalidad , Teléfono Celular , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/epidemiología , Femenino , Glioma/patología , Grecia/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Población Rural , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/epidemiología , Clase Social , Población Urbana , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic outcome of radical cystectomy and radical radiotherapy in patients with T2N0M0 clinical stage bladder cancer in relation to their age. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1995-2006, 119 patients with clinical stage T2N0M0 bladder cancer were treated with radical radiotherapy (group A) and were divided in 2 subgroups: >70 years old (A1) and 70 years old/B1 subgroup and

Asunto(s)

Cistectomía , Neoplasias de los Músculos/terapia , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/terapia , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Terapia Combinada , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Neoplasias de los Músculos/radioterapia , Neoplasias de los Músculos/cirugía , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/cirugía

RESUMEN

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represents a biologically and morphologically heterogeneous disease. It is characterized by a proliferation of presumably epithelial malignant cells confined within the lumens of the mammary ducts, without evidence of invasion beyond the basement membrane into the adjacent breast stroma. With the widespread use of screening mammography, a dramatic change has occurred in the frequency, management and types of DCIS detected. Historically, there has been some confusion regarding the definition of DCIS and the terminology associated with the histological types of DCIS. In this review, DCIS histopathology from a historical point of view is presented.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias de la Mama/historia , Carcinoma Intraductal no Infiltrante/historia , Femenino , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos

RESUMEN

Previous studies have demonstrated that the conditionally replicative adenovirus Ad5Delta24 is a powerful cytolytic agent against glioma selectively affecting cells with a defective p16/Rb/E2F pathway. The p53 protein is also known to be an apoptotic factor for glioma cells. In this study, we examined the simultaneous delivery of the combination of exogenous p53 and Ad5Delta24 adenovirus in glioma cells. Infecting cells with low doses of adenovirus p53 and Ad5Delta24 resulted in an additive effect on cell death. The cell death induced by both agents was independent of the p53 status of cells. Flow cytometry revealed that the potent anti-tumor effect induced by the mixture of Ad5CMV-p53 and Ad5Delta24 adenoviruses was due to a combination of apoptosis and cell lysis. Our results indicate that Ad5CMV-p53 enhances the oncolytic effect of the Ad5Delta24 adenovirus, and the combination of adenovirus Ad5Delta24 and Ad5CMV-p53 may thus be a potential therapeutic tool for gliomas.

Asunto(s)

Adenoviridae/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Terapia Genética , Glioma/terapia , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Adenoviridae/fisiología , Apoptosis , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Replicación Viral

RESUMEN

Gliosarcoma (GS) is an uncommon malignant brain tumor with biphasic tissue pattern consisted of both glial and sarcomatous components. It usually occurs in adult population of middle age. We report a rare case of multi-focal GS that was initially interpreted as metastases of extra-cranial tumor. The histological examination revealed the biphasic pattern of a GS. The patient was treated with postoperative external radiation therapy and had poor prognosis. To our knowledge this is the second published case of GS with multi-focal presentation. In this study we also review the literature on clinicopathological aspects of GS.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Gliosarcoma/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Resultado Fatal , Gliosarcoma/terapia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad

RESUMEN

Multiple sclerosis (MS) may sometimes mimic clinically and radiologically a brain tumor. The initial recognition of such cases is essential as it might avoid a surgical intervention and supplementary treatment. However, even in patients who underwent surgery, the appropriate preparation of the specimen is of crucial importance for the correct pathological diagnosis since tumors and non-neoplastic demyelinating lesions share some common histopathological features. We present such a case of multiple sclerosis presenting with features of an astrocytoma and was treated with surgery and additional radiotherapy.

Asunto(s)

Astrocitoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Esclerosis Múltiple/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Esclerosis Múltiple/terapia

RESUMEN

Screening mammography and clinical breast examination are the best tools available for the diagnosis of breast carcinomas in asymptomatic women. Many studies have attempted to determine the pathological and biological characteristic findings in screening-detected cancers. Tumor size, histologic type, cytological grading and lymph node status have an important role in estimating the biological profile of non-palpable breast cancers. Tissue tumor markers, such as proliferation markers, hormone receptors, c-erbB-2 and p53 oncoproteins, bcl-2 gene and angiogenesis-related markers do not seem to distinguish mammographically detected tumors from clinically presented cancers. Further studies are needed to assess the prognostic role of certain biological factors in well-designed clinical studies along with long follow-up of screened patients.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Radiografía

RESUMEN

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thymus is an unusual, but well-recognized variant of thymic malignant tumors. Its biologic behavior generally depends on the degree of differentiation and the amount of cellular atypia. High grade tumors can be aggressive neoplasms with a tendency to invade and develop metastases. We report on a case of a 53-year-old man, who presented chest discomfort, dyspnea, and weakness. As heart function tests were normal, the patient underwent radiologic examination, which showed a well-demarcated mass in the anterior mediastinum. Histologic examination of the surgically resected mass showed features of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma with associated infiltration of the pleural tissue. Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were performed, and the patient died two months after initial diagnosis. In case of the absence of metastatic disease or other common primary neoplasms of the thymus, the diagnosis of a mucoepidermoid thymic carcinoma should be taken into consideration, although this tumor is rare.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/patología , Neoplasias del Timo/patología , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Pleura/patología , Neoplasias del Timo/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Timo/terapia , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X

RESUMEN

The primary determinant of outcome in patients with cancer is the development of distant metastasis. Metastasis is a multistep process involving disruption of cell-matrix adhesion, dissolution of the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, invasion in the blood vessel wall, extravasation and establishment of a secondary growth. Nowadays, a large number of biochemical and cell biological studies have indicated the important role of extacellular matrix adhesion molecules, proteinases and angiogenic factors in the dissemination of cancer. Cell adhesion molecules, such as integrins, E-cadherin, catenins and CD44 appear to have some prognostic significance, especially in gastric, colorectal and lung cancer patients. Since matrix degrading proteinases are involved in cancer spread, they should be good candidates as prognostic factors. The proteinase which has been investigated in greatest detail is uPA in breast cancer. As a marker of cancer, its main value is to aid in selecting the subgroups of node-negative breast cancer patients that are unlikely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Cathepsin D and metalloproteinases (MMPs) look promising prognostic markers but further work is needed to establish their utility. Intratumoral angiogenesis is a putative prognostic indicator for some types of cancer. High expression of the angiogenic factor VEGF is associated with angiogenesis and an unfavourable survival.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Adhesión Celular , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Humanos , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/patología , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/fisiopatología , Neovascularización Patológica/metabolismo , Pronóstico

RESUMEN

The expression of cell-cycle progression molecules cyclin D1 and cyclin E were immunohistochemically examined in a series of 64 squamous cell invasive carcinomas of the larynx, 10 in situ carcinomas, 34 cases of dysplasia, 11 papillomas and 23 cases of keratosis. The results of their expression were compared with two cell-cycle implicated tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb as well as with two proliferation associated indices PCNA and Ki-67 in an attempt to elucidate their potential role in the pathogenesis and progression of these lesions. Nuclear staining for cyclin D1 and E (>5% positive cells) was observed in 19% and 39.7% of the laryngeal carcinomas, respectively. Significantly elevated levels of cyclin D1 and E in invasive laryngeal carcinomas compared with in situ carcinomas were revealed (p=0.045 and p=0.0003, respectively). High levels of cyclin D1 and E expression were correlated with increased Ki-67 score (p=0.037 and 0.017 respectively). A significant positive correlation between cyclin D1 and E was also detected in carcinomas (p=0.018). Decreased levels of cyclins D1 and E in the group of in situ carcinomas compared with those of dysplastic cases and papillomas were also observed. In the dysplastic lesions cyclin D1 expression was correlated with pRb expression (p=0.02). In the cases of keratosis cyclins D1 and E expression were correlated with pRb (p=0.002 and p=0.036, respectively), while cyclin D1 was associated with PCNA (p=0.008) and Ki-67 score (p=0.009). The prognostic significance of cyclins D1, E in determining the risk of recurrence and overall survival with both univariate (long-rang test) and multivariate (Cox regression) methods of analysis showed no statistically significant differences. We conclude that the expression of cyclins D1 and E in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx does not seem to have a prognostic significance. In addition, their expression may be involved in the development of laryngeal lesions, implicated in cell proliferation, with other cell cycle related proteins, probably by different molecular pathways.

Asunto(s)

Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Ciclina E/metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Neoplasias Laríngeas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/metabolismo , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Proteína de Retinoblastoma/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma in Situ/metabolismo , Carcinoma in Situ/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Ciclo Celular , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Queratosis/metabolismo , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/patología , Papiloma/metabolismo

RESUMEN

In this presentation we describe a rare case of a 42- year-old female with a large right frontal gliosarcoma (GS) treated with gross total resection of the tumor and postoperative external radiotherapy. The patient did not respond to treatment and she died 3 months after the end of radio- therapy. We also present a review of the literature on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of this uncommon clinical entity.

RESUMEN

Identification of prognostic tumor markers is a main strategy for planning treatment and predicting outcome of patients with various malignancies. This article reviews a panel of proliferation markers, hormone receptors, oncogene products and apoptosis regulators that have shown potential as prognostic indicators in common human cancers. At present, steroid receptors and the c-erbB-2 gene are the only tissue-based markers accepted in clinical practice, having an established role in breast cancer prognosis. Other markers e.g., the p53 gene, look promising as prognostic factors in different kinds of cancer.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor , Neoplasias/patología , Neoplasias/fisiopatología , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico

RESUMEN

Alterations of the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene have been described in several human neoplasms and recently, it has been suggested that these alterations may play a role in the development of endometrial carcinomas. Paraffin sections from 31 cases of normal endometrium (16 proliferative, 15 secretory), 35 hyperplastic lesions and 89 endometrial carcinomas were investigated immunohistochemically for Rb protein (pRb) expression. The results were compared with p53 and c-erbB-2 protein expression, estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors' status and with clinicopathological prognostic factors. pRb was expressed in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic epithelium. Proliferative endometrium showed more intense and extensive pRb staining than secretory endometrium. pRb reactivity was heterogeneous in the hyperplastic endometrial cells. Lack or focal (< 10% of endometrial cells) pRb immunostaining was noted in 56.2% and 27% of carcinomas, respectively. In the remaining cases (16.8%) pRb staining was heterogeneous or diffuse. The absence or presence of pRb expression was independent of grade and stage. In normal proliferative and secretory endometrium, pRb expression was correlated with PR (p = 0.006 and p = 0.001, respectively), PCNA (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively) and MIB1 (p = 0.02 and p<0.0001, respectively) expression. In hyperplasias, pRb was related to PR (p = 0.016) and MIB1 (p < 0.0001) expression. In carcinomas, a relationship of pRb expression with p53 (p = 0.0015), ER (p = 0.0002), PR (p = 0.0004) and PCNA (p = 0.013) status was detected. We suggest that the absence or presence of pRb expression does not seem to be associated with the progression of endometrioid carcinoma. In addition, pRb seems to be normally regulated in relation to the proliferative growth fraction of the tumours.

Asunto(s)

Endometrio/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Proteína de Retinoblastoma/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Sensibilidad y Especificidad

Asunto(s)

Fibroma/patología , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tejido Elástico/ultraestructura , Resultado Fatal , Fibroma/química , Neoplasias Cardíacas/química , Ventrículos Cardíacos/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Vimentina/análisis

RESUMEN

Oligodendroglial and ependymal tumours are not the most common glial neoplasms; however, they are important subtypes of gliomas with different tumour biologies. Cytogenetic information has suggested that losses of chromosomes 1 p and 19 q are the most frequent genetic alterations in oligodendroglial tumours. Combined loss of these chromosomes has been associated with better chemotherapeutic response and prolonged overall survival. Loss of chromosome 22 is a well defined abnormality in ependymomas. In addition, deletion of chromosome 6 q may be another frequent chromosomic aberration in paediatric ependymomas.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Ependimoma/genética , Oligodendroglioma/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Cromosomas/genética , Cromosomas/ultraestructura , Ependimoma/patología , Humanos , Oligodendroglioma/patología

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of exfoliative laryngeal cytology. STUDY DESIGN: Over three years (1996-1999) cytologic smears were obtained from clinically suspicious laryngeal lesions during laryngoscopy in a total of 31 selected patients (28 males and 3 females with an age range from 28-90 years). The cytologic diagnoses were analyzed and correlated with the histologic and final clinical diagnoses in 17 and 14 cases, respectively. Cytologic identification of the exact histologic type of the lesion was evaluated in 17 patients from whom both cytologic smears and biopsy material were obtained. RESULTS: The overall specificity was 100%, with no false positive diagnoses. The overall sensitivity was 93.3%, with one false negative cytologic diagnosis, in a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cytohistologic correlation showed complete agreement between cytologic and histologic diagnoses in five of six benign lesions, in four cases of dysplasia and in six cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The overall diagnostic accuracy of cytology was 96.7% CONCLUSION: Exfoliative cytology by the smear technique is a reliable and accurate method in clinically suspected laryngeal lesions. Moreover, exfoliative cytology may be applied as the only alternative diagnostic method, especially in elderly patients with coexistent cardiorespiratory problems, when biopsy is not advisable or indicated.

Asunto(s)

Citodiagnóstico , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sensibilidad y Especificidad

RESUMEN

Immunostaining for bcl-2 protein was performed in 27 colorectal adenomas and 108 colorectal adenocarcinomas. The aim of the study was to determine bcl-2 expression in correlation with p53, mdm-2 and Rb expression, with proliferation indices (Ki-67-LI, PCNA-LI) as well as with conventional clinicopathological variables. A higher proportion of adenomas (30.8%) than carcinomas (16.7%) expressed bcl-2 and conversely, a lower proportion of adenomas (7.4%) than carcinomas expressed p53 (57.1%), the difference being statistically significant (p<0.0001). No correlation of bcl-2 expression with p53 expression (parallel or inverse) as well as with the other parameters studied was observed in any tumour. The bcl-2+/p53- subgroup of cancers showed a trend for correlation with negative lymph node status. Our data suggest, that bcl-2 expression may be involved in the early phase of colorectal carcinogenesis regardless of p53 status, while p53 function may be involved in a late stage of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. P53 is apparently not involved in the regulation of apoptosis in the colorectal neoplasias or perhaps bcl-2 expression, as an early event in colorectal tumours, may occur before changes of p53 take place. Tumours with bcl-2+/p53- immunophenotype are frequently associated with negative lymph node status and seem to have a less aggressive behavior.

Asunto(s)

Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenoma/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Antígeno Ki-67/biosíntesis , Proteínas Nucleares , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/biosíntesis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/biosíntesis , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/biosíntesis , Proteína de Retinoblastoma/biosíntesis , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/biosíntesis , Adenocarcinoma/clasificación , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenoma/clasificación , Adenoma/patología , División Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/clasificación , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2

RESUMEN

Tenascin (TN) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein expressed in areas of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during embryogenesis and in neoplasia. We studied the expression of TN in a series of 35 squamous cell invasive carcinomas of the larynx, 13 in situ carcinomas, 41 cases of dysplasia, 10 papillomas and 18 cases of keratosis using the monoclonal antibody TN2 on paraffin-embedded tissue. TN expression was correlated with the expression of fibronectin, CD44 and cathepsin D (CD) proteins, with the proliferation indices Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as well as with conventional clinicopathological variables. Malignant tumours showed a significantly greater stromal TN staining than benign lesions. In invasive carcinomas, the immunoreactivity was statistically higher than that in situ (P=0.01), dysplastic lesions (P<0.0001), papillomas (P=0.004) and keratosis (P<0.0001). A statistically significant difference of TN expression between in situ and dysplastic lesions was observed (P=0.001). In invasive lesions, TN expression was statistically correlated with CD44 expression (P=0.02) and a trend for correlation with CD of tumour cells and fibronectin expression was found (P=0.06 and P=0.09, respectively). The relationship of TN expression with the histological grade and the proliferative activity was insignificant. In conclusion, stromal TN expression may be involved in the complex mechanism of development of laryngeal lesions and may help to predict the risk of progression of pre-cancerous lesions to cancer.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de la Laringe/patología , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Tenascina/análisis , Catepsina D/análisis , Epitelio/patología , Fibronectinas/análisis , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuranos/análisis , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Laríngeas/química , Lesiones Precancerosas/química , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/análisis