RESUMEN
We compared the incidence of multidrug resistance in 150 consecutive Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates obtained from a rural center (in Sakawar, India) and an urban tertiary care center (in Mumbai, India). The study highlights an alarmingly high percentage of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates in Mumbai (51%) as compared with that at the rural center (2%).
Asunto(s)
Antituberculosos/farmacología , Resistencia a Múltiples Medicamentos/fisiología , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efectos de los fármacos , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/epidemiología , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Población Rural , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Población UrbanaAsunto(s)
Prueba de Tuberculina/normas , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnósticoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Respiratorias/epidemiología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , India , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Áreas de Pobreza , Radiografía , Enfermedades Respiratorias/diagnóstico por imagen , Población UrbanaAsunto(s)
Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , India , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/aislamiento & purificación , Radiografía , Esputo/microbiología , Factores de Tiempo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagenAsunto(s)
Prueba de Tuberculina , Tuberculina/normas , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , India , LactanteAsunto(s)
Radiografías Pulmonares Masivas , Tamizaje Masivo , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , India , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/prevención & controlAsunto(s)
Vacuna BCG , Mycobacterium bovis , Prueba de Tuberculina , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Niño , Humanos , LactanteRESUMEN
Data on the dynamics of the tuberculosis situation in rural South India, obtained by the National Tuberculosis Institute, Bangalore, were fed into a mathematical model. By this means predictions about the future tuberculosis situation have been made under a wide range of hypothetical assumptions.
Asunto(s)
Antituberculosos/administración & dosificación , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Antituberculosos/normas , Vacuna BCG , Niño , Preescolar , Computadores , Demografía , Femenino , Fertilidad , Predicción , Humanos , India , Lactante , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Teóricos , Salud Rural , Población Rural , Tuberculosis/prevención & controlAsunto(s)
Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , India , Lactante , Población Rural , Tuberculosis/mortalidadRESUMEN
A study was undertaken in Bangalore City, India, to find out whether people with chest symptoms, including tuberculosis patients, attend general health institutions or report directly to tuberculosis clinics. The attendance for one day at 19 general dispensaries was investigated. Of the total of 2506 eligible persons who were questioned about the presence of chest symptoms, 1170 admitted having symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis and 20 cases and 31 suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed. The findings indicate that tuberculosis patients do not by-pass the city health institutions. On the other hand, if these institutions take an active part in the tuberculosis programme and undertake diagnostic functions, or refer persons with chest symptoms to a central clinic, they can contribute substantially to case-finding.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , India , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnósticoRESUMEN
In the District Tuberculosis Programme in India, which is part of a national programme, case-finding and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are integrated into the general health services. With such an integration, it is desirable, in order to forecast possible achievements, to understand the additional work-load that the programme will impose upon the existing health institutions and to assess the potential of these institutions for case-finding and treatment.The operational study described in this paper was made under programme conditions in a district in South India and is an examination of the case-finding potential of rural health institutions, using direct microscopy of sputum for diagnosis, and of the additional work-load involved by such case-finding. Under the conditions found in the course of the study, it is clear that a substantial proportion (at least 65%) of pulmonary tuberculosis cases prevalent in the district can be detected by the existing staffs with an easily manageable work-load.