RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a parent-focused behavioral intervention on parent and child eating changes and on percentage of overweight changes in families that contain at least one obese parent and a non-obese child. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Families with obese parents and non-obese children were randomized to groups in which parents were provided a comprehensive behavioral weight-control program and were encouraged to increase fruit and vegetable intake or decrease intake of high-fat/high-sugar foods. Child materials targeted the same dietary changes as their parents without caloric restriction. RESULTS: Changes over 1 year showed that treatment influenced targeted parent and child fruit and vegetable intake and high-fat/high-sugar intake, with the Increase Fruit and Vegetable group also decreasing their consumption of high-fat/high-sugar foods. Parents in the increased fruit and vegetable group showed significantly greater decreases in percentage of overweight than parents in the decreased high-fat/high-sugar group. DISCUSSION: These results suggest that focusing on increasing intake of healthy foods may be a useful approach for nutritional change in obese parents and their children.
Asunto(s)
Ciencias de la Nutrición del Niño/educación , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Sacarosa en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Frutas , Obesidad/prevención & control , Verduras , Adulto , Niño , Dieta Reductora , Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
This study randomized obese children from 67 families to groups that received a 6-month family-based behavioral weight-control program plus parent and child problem solving, child problem solving, or standard treatment with no additional problem solving. The standard group showed larger body mass index (BMI) decreases than the parent + child group through 2 years, with significant differences in the percentage of children who showed large BMI changes. Significant statistical and clinical improvements were observed over time in child behavior problems and parental distress. Parent problem solving increased in the parent + child condition relative to the other conditions, whereas child problem solving increased equally in all conditions. The bulk of evidence suggests that problem solving did not add to treatment effectiveness beyond the standard family-based treatment.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Conductista/métodos , Terapia Familiar/métodos , Obesidad/terapia , Solución de Problemas , Pérdida de Peso , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidad/psicología , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have shown television watching to be a risk factor for the development of obesity in children. The effect of reducing television watching and other sedentary behaviors as a component of a comprehensive obesity treatment program has not been thoroughly tested. OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of targeting decreases in sedentary behavior vs. increases in physical activity in the comprehensive treatment of obesity in 8- to 12-year-old children. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled outcome study. SETTING: Childhood obesity research clinic. DESIGN: Ninety families with obese 8- to 12-year-old children were randomly assigned to groups that were provided a comprehensive family-based behavioral weight control program that included dietary, and behavior change information but differed in whether sedentary or physically active behaviors were targeted and the degree of behavior change required. RESULTS: Results during 2 years showed that targeting either decreased sedentary behaviors or increased physical activity was associated with significant decreases in percent overweight and body fat and improved aerobic fitness. Self-reported activity minutes increased and targeted sedentary time decreased during treatment. Children substituted nontargeted sedentary behaviors for some of their targeted sedentary behaviors. CONCLUSION: These results support reducing sedentary behaviors as an adjunct in the treatment of pediatric obesity.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Conductista , Ejercicio Físico , Obesidad/terapia , Niño , Terapia Combinada , Dieta Reductora/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Obesidad/etiología , Televisión , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The Constructive Thinking Inventory (CTI; Epstein & Meier, 1989), a recently developed scale assessing patterns of habitual everyday thoughts, was compared with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI; Myers & McCaulley, 1985) to ascertain areas of common variance. CTI and MBTI data from 65 men and 109 women were evaluated. A series of standard multiple regression procedures indicated that, in most instances, CTI scales were predictive of MBTI continuous scores, although gender mediated several of the effects. The results suggest that the variance assessed by the CTI is similar to that addressed by traditional measures of personality but that the CTI partitions the variance in an atypical, yet coherent, manner.