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Two new copper dimers, namely, bis-(dimethyl sulfoxide)-tetra-kis-(µ-pyrene-1-carboxyl-ato)dicopper(Cu-Cu), [Cu2(C17H9O2)4(C2H6OS)2] or [Cu2(pyr-COO-)4(DMSO)2] (1), and bis-(di-methyl-formamide)-tetra-kis-(µ-pyrene-1-carboxyl-ato)dicopper(Cu-Cu), [Cu2(C17H9O2)4(C3H7NO)2] or [Cu2(pyr-COO-)4(DMF)2] (2) (pyr = pyrene), were synthesized from the reaction of pyrene-1-carb-oxy-lic acid, copper(II) nitrate and tri-ethyl-amine from solvents DMSO and DMF, respectively. While 1 crystallized in the space group P , the crystal structure of 2 is in space group P21/n. The Cu atoms have octa-hedral geometries, with four oxygen atoms from carboxyl-ate pyrene ligands occupying the equatorial positions, a solvent mol-ecule coordinating at one of the axial positions, and a Cuâ¯Cu contact in the opposite position. The packing in the crystal structures exhibits π-π stacking inter-actions and short contacts through the solvent mol-ecules. The Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were generated for both compounds to better understand the inter-molecular inter-actions and the contribution of heteroatoms from the solvent ligands to the crystal packing. In addition, a Cu2+/Cu1+ quasi-reversible redox process was identified for compound 2 using cyclic voltammetry that accounts for a diffusion-controlled electron-donation process to the Cu dimer.
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BACKGROUND: Dermal facial fillers are increasingly popular. Published reports on the clinical and histopathologic characteristics related to adverse reactions to dermal fillers in the facial region have been relatively well documented. This study adds to the literature on adverse reactions to injected filler in the oral and maxillofacial region in a South American population. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study (2019-2020) was performed. The study population was a dermatology service in Venezuela. Clinical and histopathologic features of patients with adverse effects were documented. RESULTS: A total of 35 cases of adverse reactions associated with cosmetic filler procedures were diagnosed during the analyzed period; of these, six cases (17.1%) involved the oral and maxillofacial region. All cases occurred in women. The mean age at diagnosis was 59.3 years (58-73). In three cases, dermal fillers were used in different locations on the face, while three involved the lips. Five patients exhibited adverse reactions to lip filler. All six cases were histopathologically diagnosed as foreign body reactions to injected material. Four and two cases revealed microscopic features compatible with hyaluronic acid and polymethylmethacrylate, respectively. CONCLUSION: Reflecting the dramatic increase in cosmetic procedures with soft tissue fillers, this study contributed by reporting six cases of foreign body reaction involving the oral and maxillofacial region, confirmed with biopsy and histopathology.
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Técnicas Cosméticas , Rellenos Dérmicos , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Rellenos Dérmicos/efectos adversos , Técnicas Cosméticas/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios Transversales , Venezuela/epidemiología , Materiales Biocompatibles/efectos adversos , Reacción a Cuerpo Extraño/inducido químicamente , Reacción a Cuerpo Extraño/patología , Ácido Hialurónico/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Introducción: Las lesiones de piel asociadas a la dependencia de cuidado, afectan la calidad de vida de los pacientes y tienen repercusiones negativas en los cuidadores informales. Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos de los cuidadores informales acerca de la prevención de lesiones por presión en pacientes domiciliarios dependientes de Tunja, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal y con fase psicométrica. La validación facial por juicio de expertos del COCU-LCRD 23 valoró la coherencia, relevancia y pertinencia de cada ítem. La aplicación del instrumento se hizo en muestra censal domiciliaria, tras la cual se calculó su confiabilidad. Resultados: La validación facial obtuvo concordancia moderada requiriendo mejoras en redacción de los ítems Kappa de Fleiss: 0,4582 (p=0,000). De los 30 cuidadores, la mayoría eran mujeres (83,3%) con edad promedio de 40 años (DS ±13,39), el 43,3% tienen un índice de conocimiento de 83,33, que incluye aspectos como hidratación, cambios de posición, entre otros. La versión ajustada del cuestionario obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0,6322. Conclusiones: Los cuidadores informales presentan grados de escolaridad bajos, además de desconocimiento y poca experiencia en campo del cuidado preventivo en personas dependiente con riesgo de úlceras por presión.
Introduction: Skin lesions associated with home care affect patient quality of life and have negative effects on informal caregivers. Objective: To determine informal caregivers' knowledge regarding the prevention of pressure injuries in dependent homebound patients in Tunja, Colombia. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a psychometric phase. Experts from the COCU-LCRD 23 performed facial validation, which assessed coherence, relevance, and pertinence of each item. The application of the instrument was carried out on population samples based on household census, after which its reliability was calculated. Results: Facial validation showed moderate concordance, requiring improvements in the wording of the Kappa de Fleiss items: 0.4582 (p=0.000). Most of caregivers were women (83.3%), with an average age of 40 years (SD±13.39) and 43.3% of them have a knowledge index of 83.33, which includes aspects such as hydration, position changes, among others. The adjusted version of the questionnaire reached a Cronbach's alpha of 0.6322. Conclusions: Informal caregivers have low education levels. Also, they are not knowledgeable and have limited experience regarding preventive care of dependent people at risk of pressure ulcers.
Introdução: As lesões de pele associadas à dependência de cuidados afetam a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e repercutem negativamente nos cuidadores informais. Objetivo: Determinar o conhecimento dos cuidadores informais sobre a prevenção de lesões por pressão em pacientes dependentes domiciliares em Tunja, Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo com fase psicométrica. A validação facial por julgamento de especialistas do COCU-LCRD 23 avaliou a coerência, relevância e pertinência de cada item. O instrumento foi aplicado a uma amostra de censo domiciliar, após o que foi calculada sua confiabilidade. Resultados: A validação facial obteve concordância moderada, necessitando de melhorias na redação dos itens - Kappa de Fleiss: 0,4582 (p=0,000). Dos 30 cuidadores, a maioria eram mulheres (83,3%) com média de idade de 40 anos (DS±13,39), 43,3% possuem índice de conhecimento de 83,33, que inclui aspectos como hidratação, mudanças de decúbito, entre outros. A versão ajustada do questionário obteve alfa de Cronbach de 0,6322. Conclusões: Os cuidadores informais apresentam baixa escolaridade, além de desconhecimento e pouca experiência na área de cuidados preventivos em pessoas dependentes com risco de úlcera por pressão.
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Humanos , Enfermedades de la Piel , Servicios de Salud , Heridas y Lesiones , Cuidadores , Úlcera por Presión , Atención Domiciliaria de SaludRESUMEN
Introducción: La persona en postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal puede llegar a presentar complicaciones a causa de la patología quirúrgica de base o por la cirugía, impidiendo iniciar o tolerar la vía oral. Una medida que se toma para prevenir o tratar la desnutrición hospitalaria es el manejo con soporte nutricional artificial, evento que transforma la forma de percibir y vivir el proceso de alimentación. Objetivo: comprender el proceso que vive la persona adulta al recibir soporte nutricional artificial en el postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal. Materiales y métodos: se empleó la metodología cualitativa, teoría fundamentada, según postulados de Corbin y Strauss. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a 21 personas adultas en postoperato-rio de cirugía abdominal y manejo con soporte nutricional artificial. Resultados: del análisis de los datos se establecieron 4 etapas del proceso: presentando dificultad para alimentarse, estando desnutrido o en riesgo nutricional, recibiendo el soporte nutricional artificial y anhelando recu-perar la normalidad de la vida. Conclusiones: el proceso tiene un punto de inicio, determinado por las manifestaciones de la enfermedad, luego el paciente pasa a recibir soporte de nutrición artificial, situación que les genera miedo y ansiedad, continúa con la aceptación y el reconoci-miento de los beneficios de la nutrición artificial y finaliza con el inicio de la vía oral.
Introduction: the person in the postoperative period of abdominal surgery may present com-plications due to the underlying surgical pathology or due to the surgery, preventing them from starting or tolerating the oral route. A measure that is taken to prevent or treat hospital malnutrition is management with artificial nutritional support, an event that transforms the way of perceiving and experiencing the feeding process. Objective: to understand the process experienced by adults receiving artificial nutritional support in the postoperative period of ab-dominal surgery. Materials and methods: qualitative methodology was used, fundamental theory, according to Corbin and Strauss postulates. In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 postoperative adults after abdominal surgery and management with artificial nutritional support. Results: From the analysis of the data, 4 stages of the process were established: pre-senting difficulty feeding, malnourished or at nutritional risk, receiving artificial nutritional support and longing to return to normal life.NConclusions: the process has a starting point, determined by the manifestations of the disease, then the patient begins to receive artificial nutrition support, a situation that generates fear and anxiety, continues with the acceptance and recognition of the benefits of nutrition. artificial and ends with the beginning of the oral route
Introdução: A pessoa em pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal pode apresentar complicações decorrentes da patologia cirúrgica de base ou decorrentes da cirurgia, impedindo-a de iniciar ou tolerar a via oral. Uma medida adotada para prevenir ou tratar a desnutrição hospitalar é o manejo com suporte nutricional artificial, evento que transforma a forma de perceber e vivenciar o processo de alimentação. Objetivo: compreender o processo vivenciado por adultos que re-cebem suporte nutricional artificial no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal. Materiais e méto-dos: foi utilizada a metodologia qualitativa, grounded theory, segundo os postulados de Corbin e Strauss. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com 21 adultos no pós-operatório de ciru-rgia abdominal e manejo com suporte nutricional artificial. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados foram estabelecidas 4 etapas do processo: apresentar dificuldade para se alimentar, estar desnutrido ou em risco nutricional, receber suporte nutricional artificial e desejar retornar à vida normal. Conclusões: o processo tem um ponto de partida, determinado pelas manifestações da doença, então o paciente começa a receber suporte nutricional artificial, situação que gera medo e ansiedade, continua com a aceitação e reconhecimento dos benefícios da nutrição artificial e termina com o início da via oral
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Nutrición Parenteral Total , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Operativos , Stents , Apoyo NutricionalRESUMEN
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease of presenile onset. A better characterization of neurodegenerative disorders has been sought by using tools such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), where associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cognitive profiles could constitute predictive biomarkers for these diseases. However, in FTD, associations between genotypes and cognitive phenotypes are yet to be explored. Here, we evaluate a possible relationship between genetic variants and some cognitive functions in an FTD population. Methodology: A total of 47 SNPs in genes associated with neurodegenerative diseases were evaluated using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform along with their possible relationship with performance in neuropsychological tests in 105 Colombian patients diagnosed with FTD. Results and discussion: The SNPs rs429358 (APOE), rs1768208 (MOBP), and rs1411478 (STX6), were identified as risk factors for having a low cognitive performance in inhibitory control and phonological verbal fluency. Although the significance level was not enough to reach the corrected alpha for multiple comparison correction, our exploratory data may constitute a starting point for future studies of these SNPs and their relationship with cognitive performance in patients with a probable diagnosis of FTD. Further studies with an expansion of the sample size and a long-term design could help to explore the predictive nature of the potential associations we identified.
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Objetivo: Interpretar la percepción del accidente cerebrovascular en pacientes que asisten a la consulta de crónico en la ESE, Hospital San Antonio de Soatá. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico. La selección de los 14 participantes se hizo a través del siguiente criterio de selección: ser adulto mayor con enfermedad crónica no transmisible (hipertensión arterial y/o diabetes); se excluyeron las personas con alteraciones del lenguaje y mentales establecidas por la historia clínica. El muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional. La recolección de la información se hizo mediante entrevistas en profundidad, estableciendo un primer contacto vía telefónica con los posibles participantes, luego se concertó un encuen-tro presencial en donde se procedió a la lectura y firma del consentimiento. Las entrevistas tuvieron una duración entre 20 a 40 minutos. Para el análisis de los datos teóricos se siguió la técnica de Colaizzi, emergiendo de los códigos nominales las subcategorías y categorías o temas centrales. Resultados: A partir de las entrevistas se generaron 26 códigos nominales que conformaron 2 categorías: conocimientos de la trombosis y enfermedad grave y mortal, las cuales permitieron interpretar que los informantes asignan el término de trombosis al accidente cerebrovascular y de esta manera, son capaces de identificar las principales causas, manifestaciones y secuelas neurológicas de la enfermedad. Así mismo, la trombosis es una enfermedad que genera dependencia física. Conclusiones: Para los participantes el evento cerebrovascular es una enfermedad prevenible, pero requiere seguimiento médico, cambios de los estilos de vida y consumo permanente de medicamentos. Sin embargo, la desigualdad económica y el difícil acceso a las instituciones de salud dificulta una atención oportuna de las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles
Objective: Understand the perception of strokes in patients that attend to a chronic disease consultation in a state social health-service providing company (ESE), Hospital San Antonio de Soatá. Materials and methods: Qualitative study with phenomenological approach. The selection of the 14 participants was made through the following selection criteria: being a senior citizen with a noncommunicable chronic disease (hypertension and/or diabetes); peo-ple with language and mental alterations established in their medical history were excluded. nonprobability purposive sampling was performed. The information was gathered through in-depth interviews, establishing an initial contact via telephone with the potential partici-pants, then an in-person meeting was arranged to read and sign the consent. The interviews had a duration between 20 to 40 minutes. For the analysis of the theoretical sampling, the Colaizzi's method was used, emerging from the nominal codes, the subcategories, and cat-egories or central themes. Results: From the interviews, 26 nominal codes were generated to define two categories: knowledge on thrombosis and serious and mortal disease, which allowed to understand that the informants assign the term thrombosis to stroke and this way, are capable of identify the main causes, symptoms and neurological sequels of the disease. Likewise, thrombosis is a disease that generates physical dependance. Conclusions: For the participants, a stroke is a preventable disease, but it requires medical follow-up, changes of lifestyle and a permanent consumption of medication. However, economic inequalities and difficult access to health institutions complicate timely care for noncommunicable chronic diseases
Objetivo: Interpretar a percepção de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) em pacientes que fre-quentam a consulta crônica no Hospital San Antônio de Soatá. Materiais e métodos: Es-tudo qualitativo com abordagem fenomenológica. A seleção dos 14 participantes foi feita através dos seguintes critérios de seleção: ser idoso com doença crônica não transmissível (hipertensão arterial e/ou diabetes); foram excluídas pessoas transtornos mentais ou da lin-guagem estabelecidos pela história clínica. A amostragem não foi probabilística não inten-cional. A coleta de informações foi feita por meio de entrevistas aprofundadas, estabelecendo um primeiro contato via telefônica, em seguida, foi organizada uma reunião presencial onde o termo de consentimento foi assinado. As entrevistas duraram entre 20 e 40 minutos. Para a análise dos dados teóricos, seguiu-se a técnica Colaizzi, obtendo dos códigos nominais as subcategorias e categorias ou temas centrais. Resultados: A partir das entrevistas, foram ger-ados 26 códigos nominais que formaram 2 categorias: conhecimento de trombose e doença grave e fatal, que permitiram interpretar que os informantes atribuem o termo trombose ao AVC e, dessa forma, são capazes de identificar as principais causas, manifestações e sequelas neurológicas da doença. Da mesma forma, a trombose é uma doença que gera dependência física. Conclusões: Para os participantes, o evento cerebrovascular é uma doença evitável, mas requer acompanhamento médico, mudanças de estilo de vida e consumo permanente de medicamentos. No entanto, a desigualdade econômica e o difícil acesso às instituições de saúde dificultam o atendimento oportuno a doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.
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Enfermedad Crónica , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Factores de Riesgo , Mortalidad , Estilo de VidaRESUMEN
Major Depression is a complex disorder with a growing incidence worldwide and multiple variables have been associated with its etiology. Nonetheless, its diagnosis is continually changing and the need to understand it from a multidimensional perspective is clear. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for depression in a case-control study with 100 depressive inpatients and 87 healthy controls. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed including psychosocial factors, cognitive maladaptive schema domains, and specific epigenetic marks (BDNF methylation levels at five CpG sites in promoter IV). A family history of depression, the cognitive schemas of impaired autonomy/performance, impaired limits, other-directedness, and the methylation level of a specific CpG site were identified as predictors. Interestingly, we found a mediating effect of those cognitive schemas in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression. Also, we found that depressive patients exhibited hypomethylation in a CpG site of BDNF promoter IV, which adds to the current discussion about the role of methylation in depression. We highlight that determining the methylation of a specific region of a single gene offers the possibility of accessing a highly informative an easily measurable variable, which represents benefits for diagnosis. Following complete replication and validation on larger samples, models like ours could be applicable as additional diagnostic tools in the clinical context.
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OBJECTIVES: This work sought to describe the meaning of receiving artificial nutritional support in people in the postoperative period of abdominal surgery. METHODS: This was a qualitative study of grounded theory, following the guidelines by Corbin and Strauss. The information was collected through 26 in-depth interviews with 21 participants, interned in a tier III health care hospital in the city of Tunja, Colombia. RESULTS: The study describes four categories, which account for the way in which the person experiences physical, physiological, emotional, and social changes when receiving artificial nutritional support. The categories include stopping eating and becoming artificially fed, decreasing the ability to move to recover movement, experiencing the difficulty of having artificial nutritional support, and reaching the disease to transform life. The data analysis shows that the basic surgical pathology and the artificial nutritional support are sudden events that fragment the daily life of the person. These individuals demand the mobilization of religious, family, and social resources to strengthen the person's internal and external environment and, thus, achieve the health situation. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the meanings shows how the person reflects and interprets the reality of receiving artificial nutritional support, an event that has implicit physical discomfort, emotional changes, and physical appearance, which are determinants in the behavior and practice of artificial nutrition. However, artificial nutritional support becomes for the person an alternative to live and recover the state of health.
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Estado Nutricional , Apoyo Nutricional , Colombia , Humanos , Periodo Posoperatorio , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
Objective. This work sought to describe the meaning of receiving artificial nutritional support in people in the postoperative period of abdominal surgery. Methods. This was a qualitative study of grounded theory, following the guidelines by Corbin and Strauss. The information was collected through 26 in-depth interviews with 21 participants, interned in a tier III health care hospital in the city of Tunja, Colombia. Results. The study describes four categories, which account for the way in which the person experiences physical, physiological, emotional, and social changes when receiving artificial nutritional support. The categories include stopping eating and becoming artificially fed, decreasing the ability to move to recover movement, experiencing the difficulty of having artificial nutritional support, and reaching the disease to transform life. The data analysis shows that the basic surgical pathology and the artificial nutritional support are sudden events that fragment the daily life of the person. These individuals demand the mobilization of religious, family, and social resources to strengthen the person's internal and external environment and, thus, achieve the health situation. Conclusions. The analysis of the meanings shows how the person reflects and interprets the reality of receiving artificial nutritional support, an event that has implicit physical discomfort, emotional changes, and physical appearance, which are determinants in the behavior and practice of artificial nutrition. However, artificial nutritional support becomes for the person an alternative to live and recover the state of health.
Objetivo. Describir los significados de recibir soporte nutricional artificial en personas en periodo postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal. Métodos. Estudio cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, siguiendo los lineamientos de Corbin y Strauss. La información se recolectó a partir de 26 entrevistas en profundidad a 21 participantes internados en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en salud de la ciudad de Tunja (Colombia). Resultados. El estudio describe cuatro categorías que dan cuenta de la forma en que la persona experimenta cambios físicos, fisiológicos, emocionales y sociales al recibir soporte nutricional artificial en el postoperatorio de cirugía abdominal: 1. dejar de comer y pasar a ser alimentado de manera artificial; 2. disminuyendo la capacidad de moverse hasta recobrar el movimiento; 3. experimentando lo difícil de tener el soporte nutricional artificial, y 4. la enfermedad llega para transformar la vida. La patología quirúrgica de base y el soporte nutrición artificial son eventos súbitos, que fragmentan la vida cotidiana de la persona. En consecuencia, demandan la movilización de recursos religiosos, familiares y sociales para el fortalecimiento del medio interno y externo de la persona y lograr así asumir la situación de salud. Conclusión. El análisis de los significados muestra cómo la persona reflexiona e interpreta la realidad de recibir soporte nutricional artificial, evento que tiene implícito molestias físicas, cambios emocionales y en la apariencia física, los cuales determinan en el comportamiento y prácticas de la persona. El soporte nutricional artificial se convierte para la persona en una alternativa para vivir y recuperar el estado de salud.
Objetivo. Descrever os significados de receber suporte nutricional artificial em pessoas no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal. Métodos Estudo qualitativo da teoria fundamentada, seguindo as diretrizes de Corbin e Strauss. As informações foram coletadas através de 26 entrevistas em profundidade com 21 participantes, internados em um hospital de terceiro nível para atendimento de saúde na cidade de Tunja (Colômbia). Resultados O estudo descreve quatro categorias que explicam a maneira pela qual a pessoa experimenta mudanças físicas, fisiológicas, emocionais e sociais, recebendo apoio nutricional artificial no período pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal: parar de comer e se alimentar artificialmente, reduzindo a capacidade de se mover para recuperar o movimento, enfrentando a dificuldade de ter suporte nutricional artificial e levar a doença a transformar a vida. A patologia cirúrgica básica e o suporte nutricional artificial são eventos repentinos, que fragmentam o cotidiano da pessoa. Eles exigem a mobilização de recursos religiosos, familiares e sociais para fortalecer o ambiente interno e externo da pessoa e, assim, alcançar a situação de saúde. Conclusão A análise dos significados mostra como a pessoa reflete e interpreta a realidade de receber suporte nutricional artificial, um evento que implica desconforto físico implícito, mudanças emocionais e aparência física, determinantes de comportamento e prática diante da nutrição artificial. No entanto, o suporte nutricional artificial torna-se para a pessoa uma alternativa para viver e recuperar o estado de saúde.
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Humanos , Periodo Posoperatorio , Nutrición Enteral , Nutrición Parenteral , Apoyo Nutricional , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease often treated with antimalarial drugs. The prolonged use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine can cause hyperpigmentation in the skin, oral mucosa and retinal pigment epithelium, which in turn can trigger toxicity in this epithelium, which in some cases causes vision loss. The objective of the present work was to establish the association between the presence of oral pigmented macules by antimalarial and secondary retinal toxicity. METHODS: A total of 105 patients diagnosed with LE being treated with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine were evaluated. All patients were ophthalmologically evaluated for retinopathy screening. When the patient showed oral hyperpigmented maculae, an incisional biopsy was performed with the corresponding histopathological study with informed consent. The variables were compared using the chi-square test for quantitative variables and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test for categorical variables. The confidence level was established at 95%, and p-values of ≤0.005 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Only 9.5% of the patients showed oral brown spots. Histopathologically, 100% of the oral macules showed characteristics of oral pigmentation by drug and 100% ophthalmological parameters of normality. Two patients presented with a diagnosis of pre-retinopathy, but none showed oral lesions. CONCLUSION: Hyperpigmented macules in the buccal mucosa in lupus patients receiving antimalarial treatment are not frequent and do not represent a predictive finding of toxicity of the drug.
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Cloroquina/efectos adversos , Hidroxicloroquina/efectos adversos , Hiperpigmentación/inducido químicamente , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de la Retina/inducido químicamente , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Antimaláricos/administración & dosificación , Antimaláricos/efectos adversos , Cloroquina/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Hidroxicloroquina/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Factores de Riesgo , Venezuela , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The title compound, di-aqua-[tris-(2-amino-eth-yl)amine]-nickel(II) hexa-aqua-nickel(II) bis-(sulfate), [Ni(C6H18N4)(H2O)2][Ni(H2O)6](SO4)2 or [Ni(tren)(H2O)2][Ni(H2O)6](SO4)2, consists of two octa-hedral nickel complexes within the same unit cell. These metal complexes are formed from the reaction of [Ni(H2O)6](SO4) and the ligand tris-(2-amino-eth-yl)amine (tren). The crystals of the title compound are purple, different from those of the starting complex [Ni(H2O)6](SO4), which are turquoise. The reaction was performed both in a 1:1 and 1:2 metal-ligand molar ratio, always yielding the co-precipitation of the two types of crystals. The asymmetric unit of the title compound, which crystallizes in the space group Pnma, consists of two half NiII complexes and a sulfate counter-anion. The mononuclear cationic complex [Ni(tren)(H2O)2]2+ comprises an Ni ion, the tren ligand and two water mol-ecules, while the mononuclear complex [Ni(H2O)6]2+ consists of another Ni ion surrounded by six coordinated water mol-ecules. The [Ni(tren)(H2O)2] and [Ni(H2O)6] subunits are connected to the SO4 2- counter-anions through hydrogen bonding, thus consolidating the crystal structure.
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Introducción. La percepción del paciente respecto a la calidad de los servicios de salud está determinada por el cumplimiento de sus necesidades y expectativas, siendo la enfermería fundamental para satisfacer los necesidades físicas, emocionales y espirituales del paciente. Objetivo. Describir la percepción de la calidad del cuidado de enfermería en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina interna. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo de corte transversal. Análisis univariado y bivariado. La selección de los participantes se hizo aplicando los criterios de selección del Hospital Regional de Sogamoso, servicio de medicina interna. Recolección de los datos mediante el cuestionario de satisfacción del cuidado (Care-Q). Resultados. Las categorías percibidas por los participantes con un nivel alto de satisfacción fueron: "accesibilidad" y "monitorea y hace seguimiento"; categorías que evalúan principalmente la habilidad técnica del profesional en enfermería. Las categorías percibidas con un nivel bajo de satisfacción fueron: "explica y facilita", "conforta" y "se anticipa", determinadas por cuidados de enfermería tangibles. El análisis bivariado por medio del coeficiente de correlaciones de Pearson, demostró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la dimensión accesibilidad y la variable género (p= 0,023). Conclusiones. El estudio permitió determinar el nivel de percepción de los usuarios, frente a la calidad de cuidado que brinda el profesional en enfermería. Las categorías con alto porcentaje de satisfacción fueron: monitorea y hace seguimiento, accesibilidad, se anticipa y mantiene relaciones de confianza; las categorías con bajo nivel de satisfacción fueron: conforta y explica, y facilita.
Patient perception regarding the quality of health services is determined by the fulfillment of their needs and expectations, being the nursing professional fundamental in order to meet the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of the patient. Objective. To describe the quality perception of nursing care in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hospitalized at the internal medicine service. Methods. Quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study. Univariate and bivariate analysis. The selection of the participants was made in the Sogamoso Regional Hospital in the Internal Medicine Service through the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection tool was a nursery care customer satisfaction form (Care-Q). Results. The perceived categories by the participants with a high level of satisfaction were: "accessibility" and "monitoring and follow-up"; categories that mainly evaluate the technical skill of the nursing professional during the medication administration, procedure performance and identification of complications. The perceived categories with a low level of satisfaction were: "explains and facilitates", "comforts" and "anticipates", determined by tangible nursing care. The bivariate analysis by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient, yielded statistical significance only for the accessibility dimension with the gender variable (p 0.023). Conclusions. The study determined the perception level of the users, compared to the quality of care provided by the nursing professional. The categories with a high percentage of satisfaction were: monitoring and follow-up, accessibility, anticipating and maintaining trust relationships; The categories with low level of satisfaction were: comfort and explains and facilitates.
Introdução. A percepção do paciente em relação à qualidade dos serviços de saúde é determinada pelo atendimento de suas necessidades e expectativas, sendo a Enfermagem fundamental para satisfazer as necessidades físicas, emocionais e espirituais do paciente. Objetivo. Descrever a percepção da qualidade do cuidado de enfermagem em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, internados no serviço de medicina interna. Materiais e método. Estudo descritivo, quantitativo, transversal. Análise univariada e bivariada. A seleção dos participantes foi feita aplicando os critérios de seleção no serviço de Medicina Interna do Hospital Sogamoso. A coleta de dados foi realizada através do questionário de satisfação assistencial (Care-Q). Resultados. As categorias percebidas pelos participantes com alto nível de satisfação foram: "acessibilidade" e " monitorar e acompanhar"; Categorias que avaliam principalmente a habilidade técnica do profissional de Enfermagem. As categorias percebidas com baixo nível de satisfação foram: "explica e facilita", "conforta" e "antecipa", determinado pelo cuidado de enfermagem tangível. A análise bivariada por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson mostrou significância estatística apenas para a dimensão acessibilidade com a variável sexo (p = 0,023). Conclusões. O estudo permitiu determinar o nível de percepção dos usuários, comparado à qualidade do atendimento prestado pelo profissional de Enfermagem. As categorias com alto percentual de satisfação foram: monitorar e acompanhar, acessibilidade, antecipar e manter as relações de confiança; as categorias com baixo nível de satisfação foram a categoria de conforto e explica e facilita.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Satisfacción del Paciente , Percepción , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Atención de EnfermeríaRESUMEN
In our previous study we examined the functionality and stability of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-detergent complexes (nAChR-DCs) from affinity-purified Torpedo californica (Tc) using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in Lipidic Cubic Phase (LCP) and planar lipid bilayer (PLB) recordings for phospholipid and cholesterol like detergents. In the present study we enhanced the functional characterization of nAChR-DCs by recording macroscopic ion channel currents in Xenopus oocytes using the two electrode voltage clamp (TEVC). The use of TEVC allows for the recording of macroscopic currents elicited by agonist activation of nAChR-DCs that assemble in the oocyte plasma membrane. Furthermore, we examined the stability of nAChR-DCs, which is obligatory for the nAChR crystallization, using a 30 day FRAP assay in LCP for each detergent. The present results indicate a marked difference in the fractional fluorescence recovery (ΔFFR) within the same detergent family during the 30 day period assayed. Within the cholesterol analog family, sodium cholate and CHAPSO displayed a minimum ΔFFR and a mobile fraction (MF) over 80%. In contrast, CHAPS and BigCHAP showed a marked decay in both the mobile fraction and diffusion coefficient. nAChR-DCs containing phospholipid analog detergents with an alkylphosphocholine (FC) and lysofoscholine (LFC) of 16 carbon chains (FC-16, LFC-16) were more effective in maintaining a mobile fraction of over 80% compared to their counterparts with shorter acyl chain (C12, C14). The significant differences in macroscopic current amplitudes, activation and desensitization rates among the different nAChR-DCs evaluated in the present study allow to dissect which detergent preserves both, agonist activation and ion channel function. Functionality assays using TEVC demonstrated that LFC16, LFC14, and cholate were the most effective detergents in preserving macroscopic ion channel function, however, the nAChR-cholate complex display a significant delay in the ACh-induce channel activation. In summary, these results suggest that the physical properties of the lipid analog detergents (headgroup and acyl chain length) are the most effective in maintaining both the stability and functionality of the nAChR in the detergent solubilized complex.
Asunto(s)
Detergentes/química , Membrana Dobles de Lípidos/química , Oocitos/fisiología , Fosfolípidos/química , Receptores Nicotínicos/química , Torpedo/metabolismo , Animales , Membrana Celular/química , Membrana Celular/fisiología , Colesterol/química , Ácidos Cólicos/química , Cristalización , Detergentes/clasificación , Potenciales Evocados/fisiología , Recuperación de Fluorescencia tras Fotoblanqueo , Microinyecciones , Oocitos/química , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , Unión Proteica , Estabilidad Proteica , Receptores Nicotínicos/aislamiento & purificación , Receptores Nicotínicos/fisiología , Colato de Sodio/química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Termodinámica , Xenopus laevis/metabolismoRESUMEN
Resumen La gran demanda de Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) en países como Francia, Italia, Turquía, Bélgica o Japón, ha elevado el nivel de extracción de este equinodermo en los últimos años que ha generado un desgaste en las poblaciones de erizos, los cuales tardan años en regenerarse. La importancia económica de P. lividus en Galicia, con una producción media anual de 700 000 kg y un valor cercano a los 2 millones de € en el año 2013, nos ha llevado a realizar diversas experiencias con el objetivo de analizar las posibilidades del cultivo en Galicia de esta especie en batea. Se han diseñado tres experiencias: 1) Efecto de cinco dietas y tres densidades sobre el crecimiento de juveniles de P. lividus obtenidos del medio natural; (2) Crecimiento de juveniles de P. lividus obtenidos en criadero, alimentados con algas, y 3) Efecto de diferentes dietas experimentales sobre el índice gonadal de P. lividus de tamaño comercial. Las experiencias se realizaron en una batea de la USC situada en la ría de Muros-Noia (Galicia), durante cuatro años (2007 - 2010), utilizando 2 231 erizos en total, procedentes del medio natural (450), de criadero (773) y de tamaño comercial (1 008), diseñándose diversas dietas experimentales que tratan de incrementar el crecimiento somático y gonadal de los erizos, con el fin de reducir el tiempo de crecimiento de los juveniles procedentes del medio natural y de criadero hasta que alcancen la talla comercial (55 mm de diámetro), o bien hasta que consigan un tamaño adecuado para repoblar las zonas sobreexplotadas del medio natural (20 mm de diámetro), así como el crecimiento de las gónadas de erizos comerciales con diferentes dietas. Mensualmente se tomó el diámetro de los erizos juveniles con el fin de determinar el efecto de las diferentes dietas y densidades sobre el crecimiento de los mismos, así como la determinación del índice gonadal (IG) en los erizos de tamaño comercial para ver el efecto de las diferentes dietas ensayadas. Con los datos obtenidos estimamos que, en la actualidad, no sería rentable alimentar erizos juveniles de P. lividus en batea hasta alcanzar la talla comercial, debido al bajo precio que tiene esta especie en el mercado (3€ / kg aproximadamente), aunque sí sería interesante mantenerlos en cultivo en batea hasta que alcancen el tamaño óptimo para repoblar zonas donde las poblaciones naturales están mermadas, combinando esto con el engorde de gónadas con alguno de los piensos diseñados que aumenta el IG y amplía el tiempo de explotación comercial de los erizos.
Abstract The high demand for Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) in countries like France, Italy, Turkey, Belgium and Japan, has raised the level of extraction of this echinoderm in recent years and has generated wear urchin populations, which take years to regenerate. The economic importance of P. lividus in Galicia, with an average annual production of 700≤000 kg and a value close to € 2 million in 2013, has led us to perform a variety of experiences in order to analyze the possibilities of the culture of this species in Galicia in raft. We have designed three experiences: 1) Effect of five diets and three densities on the growth of juvenile P. lividus obtained from the natural environment; 2) Growth of juvenile P. lividus obtained from hatchery, fed algae, and 3) Effect of different experimental diets on gonadal index of P. lividus commercial size. The experiments were performed on a USC raft situated in the estuary of Muros-Noia (Galicia) for four years (2007 - 2010), using 2 231 total urchins, from the natural environment (450), hatchery (773) and market size (1 008), being designed various experimental diets that try to increase somatic and gonadal growth in sea urchins, in order to reduce the rise time of juveniles from the wild and hatchery until they reach the size commercial (55 mm diameter), or until they get a suitable size to repopulate overfished areas of the natural environment (20 mm diameter), and the growth of the gonads of sea urchins with different diets. Monthly has taken diameter of juvenile sea urchins in order to determine the effect of different diets on growth and densities of the same, as well as determining the gonadal index (GI) in sea urchins of commercial size to see the effect took different tested diets. With the data obtained estimates that, at present, it would be profitable to feed juvenile sea urchins P. lividus in raft to reach commercial size, due to the low price of this species in the market (3€ / kg). Additonally they could reach optimum size and be used to repopulate areas where natural populations are depleted. This should be combined with the fattening of gonads and extended time of commercial exploitation. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (Suppl. 2): 261-272. Epub 2015 June 01.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Reproducción , Erizos de Mar , España , Paracentrotus/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The assessment of fetal development and birth weight is a priority in the field of nutritional epidemiology and public health. Nowadays, the World Health Organization (WHO) does not have specific birth weight curves for the distinct gestational weeks considering that socio-economic, ecological and ethnic characteristics of the different human groups are found influencing their own growth patterns. OBJECTIVE: This research develops centile curves for weight by gestational age concerning to resident populations in the province of Catamarca. METHODS: In order to process data, SPSS statistical program was used, as well as LMS Chart Maker pro program for the subsequent performing of centile curves. The sample ascended to a total of 22,576 childbirths between 1994 and 2003. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the future, these curves make possible a better assessment of intrauterine development and birth weight in this region of Northwest of Argentina.
Introducción: La evaluación del desarrollo fetal y del peso al nacimiento es un objetivo prioritario en el ámbito de la epidemiología nutricional y de la salud pública. En la actualidad, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) no dispone de curvas específicas de peso al nacimiento para las distintas semanas gestacionales al considerar que las características socioeconómicas, ecológicas y étnicas de los distintos grupos humanos influyen en sus propios patrones de crecimiento. Objetivo: La presente investigación desarrolla las curvas percentilares de peso por edad gestacional para las poblaciones residentes en la provincia de Catamarca. Métodos: El procesamiento de los datos se llevó a cabo con el programa SPSS y para la posterior realización de las curvas percentilares se utilizó el programa LMS Chart Maker pro, a partir de un total de 22.576 nacimientos ocurridos entre 1994 y 2003. Discusión y conclusiones: Dichas curvas posibilitarán en el futuro una mejor valoración del desarrollo intrauterino y del peso de los recién nacidos en esta región del Noroeste de Argentina.
Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal/fisiología , Desarrollo Fetal/fisiología , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiología , Peso al Nacer , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Estándares de Referencia , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
Novel markers of fecal pollution in tropical waters are needed since conventional methods recommended for other geographical regions may not apply. To address this, the prevalence of thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages was determined by culture methods across a watershed. Additionally, human-, chicken-, and cattle-specific PCR assays were used to identify potential fecal pollution sources in this watershed. An enterococcus quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was tested and correlated with culture methods at three sites since water quality guidelines could incorporate this technique as a rapid detection method. Various rainfall events reported before sample collection at three sites were considered in the data analyses. Thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages were detected across the watershed. Human-specific Bacteroides bacteria, unlike the cattle- and chicken-specific bacteria, were detected mostly at sites with the corresponding fecal impact. Enterococci were detected by qPCR as well, but positive correlations with the culture method were noted at two sites, suggesting that either technique could be used. However, no positive correlations were noted for an inland lake tested, suggesting that qPCR may not be suitable for all water bodies. Concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms and bacteriophages were consistently lower after rainfall events, pointing to a possible dilution effect. Rainfall positively correlated with enterococci detected by culturing and qPCR, but this was not the case for the inland lake. The toolbox of methods and correlations presented here could be potentially applied to assess the microbial quality of various water types.
Asunto(s)
Lagos/microbiología , Lagos/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Ríos/microbiología , Ríos/virología , Microbiología del Agua/normas , Contaminantes del Agua/análisis , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Bacteroides/genética , Bovinos , Pollos , Colifagos/genética , Enterobacteriaceae/genética , Heces/microbiología , Heces/virología , Humanos , Puerto Rico , Lluvia , Especificidad de la Especie , Clima TropicalRESUMEN
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) usually associated to vaginitis, urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can cause infertility. The aim of this retrospective longitudinal study was to determine Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in a population of male and female sex workers in Mendoza, Argentina. A cohort of 720 people who attended the STI Program in this province was retrospectively analyzed. From February 2007 up to June 2009, 1692 samples were processed using a reposition sampling method. The age and sex distribution of the population was: 687 women/33 men, from 15 to 65 years old. Trichomoniasis prevalence determined for this population at risk was 7.6% in women only, men did not present infection. The high prevalence shown for this risk group suggests a great vulnerability of this population to contract other more serious STIs. In another sense, it also shows a remarkable lack in the use of mechanical barriers to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The present research justifies the elaboration of standardized procedures guide to diagnose T. vaginalis within the framework of the Reproductive Health Program (PROSAR).
Asunto(s)
Trabajadores Sexuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Vaginitis por Trichomonas/epidemiología , Trichomonas vaginalis , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Argentina/epidemiología , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/transmisión , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Servicios de Salud del Trabajador , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Asunción de Riesgos , Vaginitis por Trichomonas/transmisión , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The title compound, C(15)H(16)BrNO, obtained from a two-step reaction, was prepared for use in transition metal chemistry as a phenolic ligand with bulky substituents. Inter-molecular N-Hâ¯O and O-Hâ¯N hydrogen bonds are present in the crystal structure.
RESUMEN
La tricomoniasis es una infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) que se asocia a vaginitis, uretritis, cervicitis y enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica pudiendo producir infertilidad tubárica. El objetivo de este trabajo, de tipo retrospectivo longitudinal, fue determinar la prevalencia de Trichomonas vaginalis en una población de trabajadores sexuales en Mendoza, Argentina. Se estudió en forma retrospectiva una población de 720 personas asistidas por el Programa Provincial de ITS de Mendoza. Entre febrero de 2007 y junio de 2009 se procesaron 1692 muestras con un muestreo por reposición. La distribución por sexo fue de 687 mujeres y 33 varones con edades comprendidas entre 15 y 65 años. La prevalencia de tricomoniasis determinada en esta población en riesgo fue de 7.6% para las mujeres, sin encontrarse infecciones en el grupo de los hombres. La prevalencia hallada en este grupo en riesgo muestra una población con alta vulnerabilidad para contraer otras ITS de mayor gravedad. En otro sentido, sugiere una importante falta de adhesión al uso de barreras mecánicas para prevenir infecciones de transmisión sexual. Este trabajo justifica la elaboración de una guía de procedimientos para el manejo de la infección por tricomonas en el marco del Programa de Salud Reproductiva (PROSAR).
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) usually associated to vaginitis, urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can cause infertility. The aim of this retrospective longitudinal study was to determine Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in a population of male and female sex workers in Mendoza, Argentina. A cohort of 720 people who attended the STI Program in this province was retrospectively analyzed. From February 2007 up to June 2009, 1692 samples were processed using a reposition sampling method. The age and sex distribution of the population was: 687 women/33 men, from 15 to 65 years old. Trichomoniasis prevalence determined for this population at risk was 7.6% in women only, men did not present infection. The high prevalence shown for this risk group suggests a great vulnerability of this population to contract other more serious STIs. In another sense, it also shows a remarkable lack in the use of mechanical barriers to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The present research justifies the elaboration of standardized procedures guide to diagnose T. vaginalis within the framework of the Reproductive Health Program (PROSAR).
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Trabajadores Sexuales/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Trichomonas vaginalis , Vaginitis por Trichomonas/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Argentina/epidemiología , Coinfección/epidemiología , Coinfección/transmisión , Estudios Longitudinales , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Servicios de Salud del Trabajador , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Asunción de Riesgos , Vaginitis por Trichomonas/transmisiónRESUMEN
Ascitic and pleural fluids infection by Listeria monocytogenes is uncommon. The association of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and empyema caused by this microorganism has been seldom reported. A 61 year-old male with an alcoholic cirrhosis and an upper right ¡obectomy for a lung cáncer, consulted because of an exacerbation of dyspnea, abdominal pain and fever. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from ascitic and pleural fluids and from blood cultures. He was successfully treated with ampicillin and a chest tube for drainage.