RESUMEN

Chlamydia pecorum, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is associated with reproductive and systemic diseases in sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, and koalas. The main conditions include polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, enteritis, pneumonia, encephalomyelitis, orchitis, placentitis, and abortion. Even though there are several studies showing that C. pecorum infections are widely spread in the world, in Mexico there are no reports. During 2016, as part of a sheep restocking program in Mexico, sheep were imported from New Zealand. Briefly after their arrival in the herds in the State of Mexico, these sheep presented abortions during the last third of gestation. A total of 62 sheep vaginal swabs that had presented abortion from different municipalities of the State of Mexico were collected. Bacterial isolation was performed using L929 mouse fibroblasts, and molecular identification was achieved by 23S rRNA (Chlamydiaceae family) and ompA gene (species-specific) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene were amplified and sequenced. Seven of 62 samples were positive for C. pecorum by bacterial isolation, 23S rRNA, and ompA gene real-time PCR. The 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene amplicons were purified and the nucleotide sequence was determined in both directions. The consensus sequences homology search was performed using BLASTn analysis and showed a 100% of homology with the C. pecorum 16S rRNA subunit and 99% with the C. pecorum ompA gene. The population structure analyses using ompA gene demonstrated 15 genetic populations or clusters of 198 sequences from GenBank and our sequences were in a particular genetic structure corresponding to genotype "O." Herein, we describe the presence of C. pecorum in sheep imported from New Zealand into Mexico. Genetic analysis of the ompA gene showed that the isolates belong to genotype O and are related to strains isolated from sheep, cattle, and koalas.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Galectins are a family of animal lectins defined by their ß-galactoside-binding specificity and a consensus sequence in their carbohydrate-recognition domain. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is expressed as a non-covalently linked homodimer present in a variety of tissues. Here we describe its isolation from human platelets by a procedure involving ionic exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography on lactose-agarose. Platelet Gal-1 co-purifies with actin, forming an actin-Gal-1 complex which does no dissociate even after treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate. The presence of both proteins was confirmed by Western blot and by trypsin digestion followed by mass spectrometry identification. By hemagglutination assays we studied the response of recombinant Gal-1/actin, mixed and pre-incubated in different proportions, and then tested against neuraminidase treated rabbit red blood cells. The complex formation was confirmed by confocal microscopy, showing that both proteins co-localised in resting platelets as well as in thrombin-activated ones. These results suggest that endogenous Gal-1 forms an intracellular complex with monomeric actin and that, after platelet activation, Gal-1 could play a role in the polymerization-depolymerization process of actin, which concludes in platelet aggregation.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) is one of the major acute-phase proteins (APPs). Hepatic production and serum concentrations increase in response to systemic injury, inflammation, or infection. We reported previously that expression of the AGP gene is induced in the liver during experimental pulmonary tuberculosis. Since AGP may also be produced at the infection site and has some immunomodulatory properties, we used a model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis in Balb/c mice to study the kinetics of AGP production in the lung and its influence on immunopathology. We found that AGP was produced in the lung during experimental tuberculosis. Alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes were the most important cellular sources during early infection (days 1-14). From day 21 postinfection, during the progressive phase of the infection, foamy macrophages located in pneumonic areas were the most important source of AGP and 10-fold higher concentrations were found on day 60. In a second part of the study, AGP was inactivated during the progressive phase by the administration of specific blocking antibodies. In comparison with control infected animals, tuberculous mice treated with blocking AGP antibodies showed higher expression of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in association with significantly reduced bacillary loads and tissue damage. Thus, AGP is produced in the lung during experimental pulmonary tuberculosis and it has immunomodulatory activities, suppressing cell-mediated immunity and facilitating growth of bacilli and disease progression.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

La infección por actinomices ha sido llamada "la gran imitadora" en la práctica clínica. La actinomicosis es una infección crónica supurativa debido a gérmenes gram positivos, anaerobios, no esporulados. Habita normalmente en las mucosa oral, gastrointestinal, genitales. Las infecciones oportunistas ocurren cuando se rompen las barreras mucosas, ocasionando la formación de abscesos, fístulas o masas. La actinomicosis tiene tres grandes presentaciones clínicas: cervicofacial, torácica y abdomino-pélvica. Se presenta un caso de actinomices abdomino-pélvica.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A high incidence rate of Malaria is observed at Bolívar state (Venezuela) and, beside classic acute symptomatology, we have observed gastric symptoms like epigastralgia, anorexia, nausea and vomits. The scope of this study is to establish changes of gastric mucosa related to Plasmodium infection, using macro and microscopic technics. One hundred both sex patients with Malaria diagnosis done with thick drop technic and gastric symptomatology were studied in our department from March 1990 to February 1991. The esophagus, stomach and duodenum of all patients were evaluated with upper digestive tract endoscopy and still photographs, and biopsies of fundus, body and antrum were taken, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and stained with hematoxylin-eosine method. P. falciparum was found in 52 cases, P. vivax in 39 and 9 infected with both, most of patients complained of shivering fever, epigastralgia (76%), nausea and vomits (72%), tartness (25%) and burning pain (21%). Mucosal edema and congestion (gastritis) were the endoscopic findings in 88% of cases, usually located at antrum (67%) and fundus (33%). The microscopic findings were: mucosal edema (90%), superficial bleeding (87%), microthrombosis (60%), gastric atrophy (40%) and intestinal metaplasia (8%). Acute gastric symptomatology we have observed in patients with acute malaria my be due to microthrombosis and arteriolar occlusion, leading to ischemic changes and mucosal edema. These pathophysiological changes explain most of upper digestive tract symptoms in acute malaria, particularly when agent is P. falciparum. We have not found related papers in bibliography.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A total of 500 orthopantomographic X-rays of Mexican children and teenagers of either sex, aged 7-18, were studied in order to ascertain the development and calcification stages of their third molars, as well as the most frequent anomalies related with them. It was observed that the dental bud appears between ages nine and eleven, and that the third molar is absent in 32.4% of the population, with a predominance of females over males. It was also found that 7.4% of molars evidenced malposition during their early stages of development. In view of such findings, the authors consider that a diagnosis of oligodontia and malposition of the third molar, cannot be established before age 13.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Five hundred orthopantomograph radiographs of mexican children and adolescent from 7 to 18 tears old were reviewed in order to establish the third molar formation and calcification stages and the most frequent anomalies related to these teeth. We find that tooth bud presence is between 9 and 11 years; Third molar is absent in 32.4% of the population; 7.4% of the molars presented early formation stage malposition; Therefore oligodontia diagnosis and third molar malposition can not be done before 13 years of age.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A 29-year-old Haitian man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A computed tomogram of the head showed thickened nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. A biopsy specimen of the turbinate disclosed inflammatory tissue containing amoebic trophozoites. The patient was empirically treated with rifampin and ketoconazole. He died four months after biopsy of other complications of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. At autopsy, the amoebic infection was found only in the paranasal sinuses, a calf nodule, and in an intradermal abscess in the left leg. Pneumocystitis carinii pneumonia, Mycobacterium avium-cellulare in the liver and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, cytomegalovirus infection of the adrenal glands, and Kaposi's sarcoma in the spleen were additionally present. The organism was cultured and studied by electron microscopy, dark-field microscopy, and immunofluorescence.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)