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ABSTRACT Objective. Evaluate the effect of the inclusion of different levels of fresh lemon pulp (FLP) was determined as a substitute of sorghum grain in the feeding of hair sheep in parameters of daily weight gain (DWG), daily food consumption (DFC), and feed conversion (FC), the nutritional composition of the ration was also determined. Materials and methods. The study was carried out using 20 hair ewes individually fed on a period of 75 days. The treatments were as follows: T1=0% FLP; T2=10% FLP; T3=20% FLP; and T4=30% FLP based on DM. A totally randomized design was used with five replicates per treatment. Concentrate and FLP were offered ad libitum as a mixture, registering the amounts of feed offered and rejected daily. Body weight was registered every 21 days for the DWG and analysis of nutritional composition of rations was performed. And for an analysis of daily food consumption. The data were evaluated through ANOVA in an entirely randomized design. Results. There was no meaningful difference (p>0.05) for the DWG that scored 97, 108, 103 and 103 g or for the FC that scored 9.62, 8.68, 9.31 and 10.23, respectively. For each treatment and for each DFC based on DM, a meaningful difference was observed (p<0.05) for T4 by replacing sorghum to 30%. Conclusions. FLP is an alternative to replace partially or completely the grains for hair ewes without lessening the evaluated parameters.

RESUMEN Objetivo . Evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de diferentes niveles de pulpa fresca de limón (PFL), como sustituto del grano de sorgo en la alimentación de corderas de pelo, sobre los parámetros de ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), consumo diario de alimento (CDA, base materia seca, MS) y conversión alimenticia (CAL), y se determinó la composición bromatológica de las raciones. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó, utilizando 20 corderas de pelo, alimentadas individualmente durante un periodo de 75 días, bajo condiciones de estabulación. Los tratamientos fueron: T1=0% PFL; T2=10% PFL; T3=20% PFL; y T4=30% PFL con base a MS. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones por tratamiento. El concentrado y la PFL fueron ofrecidos de manera mezclada y a libre acceso, pesando el alimento ofrecido y rechazado diariamente, con pesajes cada 21 días para la GDP. Se realizó un análisis de composición nutricional de las raciones. Los datos se evaluaron mediante un ANOVA en un diseño completamente al azar. Resultados . No se encontró diferencia significativa (p>0.05) para la GDP que fueron de 97, 108, 103 y 103 g y las CAL fueron de 9.62, 8.68, 9.31 y 10.23, respectivamente, para cada tratamiento. Se observó un CDA con base en MS, mayor (p<0.05) para T4 al sustituir el sorgo hasta el 30%. Conclusiones. La PFL es una alternativa para sustituir parcial o totalmente a los granos en raciones para corderas de pelo, sin disminuir la productividad en los parámetros evaluados.

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Objetivo. Los pesos al nacimiento y al destete fueron registrados para evaluar el comportamiento pre-destete de cabritos cruzado en ocho pequeñas fincas de producción de leche de cabra en Guanajuato, México. Materiales y métodos. Se usaron 234 registros de cabritos, las cabras fueron mantenidas en condiciones de pastoreo con suplementación de un concentrado comercial. Los cabritos eran cruzados, de las razas Sannen, Alpina y Toggenburg, los datos fueron analizados con un modelo estadístico que considero los efectos de rebaño (RE), grupo contemporáneo (GC), número de parto (NP), tipo parto (TP) y sexo del cabrito (SC). Resultados. Las medias de peso al nacer, peso a los 60 días de edad y la ganancia diaria de peso fueron 3.4±0.5 (rango 2.0 a 5.5), 13.7±1.8 (rango 8.0 a 17.5) y 0.17±0.02 (0.08 a 0.23 kg). El peso al nacimiento fue afectado (p<0.01) por RE, GC, NP, TP y SC. Sin embargo, el peso a 60 días y ganancia diaria de peso fueron afectadas (p<0.05) por RE y SC. Conclusiones. El rebaño afectó el comportamiento de los cabritos.

Objective. Birth and weaning weights were recorded, to valuate pre-weaning performance of crossbred kids, in eighth small milk goat flocks, from Guanajuato, Mexico. Materials and methods. Records of 234 kid dings were used; the goats were kept under grazing rangeland with supplementation of commercial concentrate. The kids were crossbred between Sannen, Alpine and Toggenburg breeds. Data was analyzed by a statistical model in which the flock effects (FL), contemporary group (CG), parity number (PN), litter size (LS) and sex of the kid (SK) were considered. Results. Birth weights averaged 3.4±0.5 kg (range 2 to 5.5 kg) and weight at 60 days of age averaged 13.7±1.8 kg (range 8.0 to 17.5 kg); and daily weight gain averaged 0.17±0.02 kg (range 0.08 to 0.23 kg). Birth weights were affected (p<0.01) by FL, CG, PN, LS and SK. However, weight at 60 days and daily weight gain were affected (p<0.05) by FL and SK. Conclusions. The flock affected the performance of the kids.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dose and application time of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) on reproductive performance of hair sheep ewes synchronized with fluorogesterone acetate (FGA) under tropical conditions of Northeastern Mexico. Ninety-nine hair ewes (63 Blackbelly and 36 Pelibuey) were treated with intravaginal sponges during 10 days. After insertion of FGA sponges, ewes were divided into four groups, and PMSG was injected intramuscularly at doses of 100, 200, and 400 IU. Relative to FGA sponge removal, PMSG was administrated at -48 h, -24 h, and at sponge removal. PMSG was not administered to the control group. Control ewes had similar (P > 0.05) lambing rate, fertility, and fecundity than those treated with 100 IU of PMSG, but lower (P < 0.05) percentages to these variables than those treated with 200 and 400 IU of PMSG. Time to estrus decreased linearly, and ovulation rate increased quadratically as PMSG dose increased (0 to 400 IU). Administration of PMSG before sponge removal increased (P < 0.01) response to estrus and decreased (P < 0.01) interval to estrus compared with control. Ovulation rate, lambing rate, fertility, and fecundity were not affected (P > 0.05) by administration time of PMSG. Both dose and time of PMSG application did not affect (P > 0.05) pregnancy rate, percentage of single and multiple lambing, and prolificacy. In conclusion, results show that the dose of 400 IU of PMSG administered before sponge withdrawal in an estrus synchronization protocol improved reproductive efficiency of hair sheep ewes.

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Twenty Dorper x Pelibuey male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of substitution of forage with fresh orange pulp (FOP) in diets for fattening lambs on productive behavior, nutrient intake, apparent digestibility coefficient, and feeding costs. Lambs were divided into five groups (n = 4) and then housed in individual pens during 70 d. Treatments consisted of five levels of FOP (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) which substituted buffel grass hay on the base diet (40:60%, forage:concentrate). Additionally, changes in chemical composition of FOP stored in stack during 8 d were evaluated (from the day 1 until day 8). Daily feed intake expressed as kg/day and % live weight, lamb growth rate, feeding cost of each lamb per day and per fattening period, hemicellulose intake, and DM, OM, CP, NDF and hemicellulose digestibility showed a quadratic effect (P < 0.05), while DM, OM and CP intake presented a cubic effect (P < 0.05) with the increasing level of FOP. The maximum estimated value for those variables was observed at 75% of hay replacement with FOP. With respect to changes in chemical composition of pulp stored, DM content increased (P = 0.0011) from 210 to 310 g/kg FOP and OM, fiber fraction, and ash content were constant (P > 0.05) among storage days. Therefore, replacing around 75% of buffel grass hay with FOP in diets for fattening lambs resulted in the best growth rate and more efficient diet utilization. Fresh orange pulp stored in a stack did not change its chemical composition, and did not affect its utilization as a sheep feedstuff.

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