RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer is a rare neoplasm, and its treatments are based on those of female breast cancer. This study aimed to analyze 20 years of male breast cancer clinical characteristics and treatment results from the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 16 male breast cancer patients treated in our tertiary hospital between 1994 and 2014 was performed. Epidemiologic data, tumor characteristics, and treatments were recorded and compared with 466 female breast cancer ((premenopausal; n=230)+(postmenopausal n=236)) patients. The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were calculated. RESULTS: Male breast cancer constituted 0.1% of all malignant neoplasms in both sexes, 0.2% of all malignant neoplasms in males, and 0.7% of all breast cancers. The mean patient age in this study was 59.8±9.5 (39-74) years. The mean time between first symptom and diagnosis was 32.4±5.3 (3-60) months. Histology revealed infiltrative ductal carcinoma in 81.3% of patients. The most common detected molecular subtype was luminal A, in 12 (75%) patients. Estrogen receptor rate (93.8%) in male breast cancer patients was significantly higher than that in female breast cancer (70.8% in all females, p=0.003; 68.2% in postmenopausal females, p=0.002) patients. Most of the tumors (56.3%) were grade 2. Tumor stage was T4 in 50% of males. The majority (56.3%) of the patients were stage III at diagnosis. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine-therapy were applied to 62.5%, 62.5%, 81.2% and 73.3%, respectively. Loco-regional failure did not occur in any of the cases. All recurrences were metastastic. The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates in male breast cancer patients were 58% and 68%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Tumors found in male breast cancer patients were similar in size to tumors found in females, but they advanced to T4 stage more rapidly because of the lack of breast parenchymal tissues. The rate of estrogen receptor expression tended to be higher in male breast cancer patients than in female breast cancer patients. Metastasis is the most important problem in initially non-metastatic male breast cancer patients.
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Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/terapia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/secundario , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/química , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/química , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mastectomía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Receptores de Estrógenos/análisis , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Factores de Tiempo , Carga Tumoral , TurquíaRESUMEN
Thymosin beta-4 (Tß(4)) is a major actin-sequestering molecule that contributes to cell growth, differentiation, motility, survival, mitosis and angiogenesis. It is overexpressed in certain type of carcinoma and fibrosarcoma cell lines and is associated with metastatic potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Tß(4) expression and clinicopathologic features and VEGF status in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Retrospectively, 60 GISTs were re-examined and immunohistochemistry for Tß(4) and VEGF was performed. Increased expression of Tß(4) and VEGF was observed in 26 (43.3%) and in 19 (31.6%) of the tumors, respectively. Tß(4) expression was positively correlated with VEGF expression (p < 0.01). Tß(4) and VEGF expression were significantly associated with tumor size (p = 0.00 and p = 0.02, respectively) and high mitosis (p = 0.03 and p = 0.00, respectively). Although Tß(4) expression was positively associated with pleomorphism (p = 0.01), VEGF expression was positively associated with necrosis (p = 0.03). Tß(4) expression was related with local recurrence and/or metastasis (p = 0.03), but VEGF expression was not (p = 0.12). We firstly demonstrate the presence of Tß(4) protein in GISTs. Our study reveals that increased expression of Tß(4) could be considered as an indicator of aggressive behavior of tumor.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/metabolismo , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Timosina/metabolismo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/patología , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Currently, radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide has become the standard treatment for glioblastoma. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with radiation plus concomitant temozolomide in 116 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and examine the value of different prognostic factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis of 116 patients with newly diagnosed GBM, who were treated at our department between January 1994 and March 2009. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Age, gender, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) score, a preoperative history of seizures, extent of surgery, total radiotherapy dose, and use of concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide were evaluated in uni- and multivariate analyses. Survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences were compared using the log rank test. Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify the independent prognostic factors. RESULTS: The median overall survival time was 9 months, and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 41.9% and 9.6%, respectively. The univariate analysis revealed that age, KPS score, presence of seizures, radiation doses, and use of concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide were significant prognostic factors. The multivariate analysis confirmed that the age, KPS score, presence of seizures, radiation doses, and use of concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide were independent, significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our analyses demonstrate that radiation with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide yields encouraging outcomes in patients with GBM, validating the results published in research papers. In addition, age, KPS score, presence of seizures, and radiation doses were identified as prognostic factors.
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Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Dacarbazina/análogos & derivados , Glioblastoma/radioterapia , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Terapia Combinada , Dacarbazina/uso terapéutico , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Glioblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Estado de Ejecución de Karnofsky , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Temozolomida , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Nausea and vomiting are among the major problems occurring during and after the chemotherapy treatments of cancer patients. The recently developed 5-HT(3) antagonists have proved much more effective than former agents. Several studies have shown that these agents cause certain ECG changes. We aimed to evaluate the ECG changes caused by palonosetron, one of the new 5-HT(3) antagonists. METHODS: Our study includes a total of 50 patients diagnosed with solid-organ tumors receiving chemotherapy. The patients were applied 12-lead ECG before palonosetron infusion. Afterwards, subsequent ECGs were applied on the 30th, 60th, and 90th minutes following the infusion of palonosetron. Arterial blood pressure was measured before and after the infusion. PR, QRS, QT, QTmax, QTmin, QTd, Pmax, Pmin, Pd, QTc, QTcmax, QTcmin, and QTcd values were evaluated for each ECG. RESULTS: We did not detect significant correlations between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures before and after (30 min) palonosetron infusion (p > 0.05). However, there was a statistically significant decrease in heart rate (p = 0.000). The evaluation of ECG findings revealed that there was a significant prolongation in PR distance, as shown by the comparisons of 0 min with 30, 60, and 90 min. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in QRS, QT, QTmax, QTmin, QTd, Pmax, Pmin, Pd, QTc, QTcmax, QTcmin, and QTcd values (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, we revealed that palonosetron did not cause any severe rhythmic disorders or symptomatic ECG changes. We concluded that it could be safe to administer palonosetron antiemetically.
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Antieméticos/efectos adversos , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Isoquinolinas/efectos adversos , Quinuclidinas/efectos adversos , Antagonistas del Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT3/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antieméticos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Isoquinolinas/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Náusea/inducido químicamente , Náusea/prevención & control , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología , Palonosetrón , Quinuclidinas/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas del Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT3/uso terapéutico , Factores de Tiempo , Vómitos/inducido químicamente , Vómitos/prevención & control , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Hiperostosis Adquirido/diagnóstico , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Medronato de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Síndrome de Hiperostosis Adquirido/metabolismo , Adolescente , Femenino , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18/farmacocinética , Humanos , Radiofármacos/farmacocinética , Enfermedades de la Piel/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Piel/metabolismo , Técnica de Sustracción , Medronato de Tecnecio Tc 99m/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: In this study, we have examined the correlation between colorectal cancer (CRC) and serum adiponectin and resistin levels, body mass index and insulin resistance. METHODS: The relation between serum adiponectin and resistin levels, obesity and insulin resistance in 36 CRC patients and 37 controls was examined. RESULTS: Insulin and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) levels were higher, and adiponectin levels were significantly decreased in patients versus controls, whereas, resistin levels were significantly increased. A negative correlation between adiponectin, HOMA-IR, and insulin and a positive correlation between HOMA-IR, insulin, and stage were detected. There was no correlation between the stage and resistin. Adiponectin level negatively correlated with the stage. Adiponectin and resistin could play a role in colon cancer carcinogenesis, and adiponectin could be responsible for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina , Resistina/sangre , Adiponectina/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , PronósticoRESUMEN
Cancer affects not only the individuals with cancer, but also their families considerably. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic characteristics and home care needs of caregivers of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and evaluate their quality of life scores. A total of 126 primary caregivers of patients receiving chemotherapy who were eligible for inclusion criteria participated in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic questions for both patients and caregivers and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Short Form, Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF(TR)) for the caregivers. The mean domain scores of WHOQOL-BREF(TR) were 15.3 +/- 2.8 for physical, 14.6 +/- 2.8 for psychological, 14.4 +/- 3.3 for social, 13.7 +/- 2.8 for environment, and 14 +/- 2.5 for national environment domains. Caregivers were, on average, younger than the patients and the mean age of the caregivers was 45 years. Around 70% of caregivers were living with the patients, 60.3% of caregivers shared the care-giving process with someone else, and his/her children supported in care-giving activities in 20.6%. According to caregivers, patients needed assistance for one or more daily living activities. Caregivers' higher age, unemployment status, female gender, low education level, their own diagnosed health problems, care duration above 18 months, and having difficulties to continue social activities had negative effects on their quality of life. Cancer patients' families are also affected from cancer. We may suggest that including caregivers in the context of home care and universalizing home care programs can reduce caregivers' burden.
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Cuidadores/psicología , Atención Domiciliaria de Salud/psicología , Neoplasias , Calidad de Vida , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Cuidadores/estadística & datos numéricos , Escolaridad , Familia , Femenino , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Características de la Residencia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Turquía , Desempleo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
SUMMARY: Polyps are the most common benign lesions in the endometrium. Metastasis to the endometrial polyp from a distant primary tumor is rare. Breast carcinoma is the most frequent extragenital cancer that metastasizes to the endometrial polyp. We report the case of a 63-year-old with metastatic gall bladder adenocarcinoma involving endometrial polyps detected by endometrial curetting. It was the first sign of her metastatic disease. After this diagnosis, bone metastases were detected during radiologic screening. Gastrointestinal tumor metastasis to an endometrial polyp is a very rare event, but if a patient with a known primary extragenital tumor has abnormal vaginal bleeding, the possibility of metastasis should be included in the differential diagnosis.
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Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Endometriales/secundario , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/patología , Pólipos/patología , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Anciano , Dilatación y Legrado Uterino , Neoplasias Endometriales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Endometriales/cirugía , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/cirugía , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pólipos/metabolismo , Pólipos/cirugíaRESUMEN
Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the breast was first described by Koenig and Tavassoli in 1998. To our knowledge, only 9 cases of MCA of the breast have been reported. The optimal treatment of MCA could not be defined yet. This article aims to increase the knowledge about this rare variant of breast cancer and to review the literature.
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BACKGROUND: In our study, we searched for a relation between various prognostic and predictive factors and hemostatic parameters. METHODS: One hundred women with newly diagnosed breast cancer after surgery were included. Patients did not receive systemic therapy or radiotherapy. The control group included 100 healthy, age-matched women. In the patient group, age, menopausal status, tumor size, grade, axillary lymph node status, steroid receptor status, p53, and HER2/neu were evaluated. Plasma levels of factor VIII, factor IX, D-dimer, fibrinogen, protein C, protein S, vWF, and antithrombin III were measured in both groups. RESULTS: Plasma levels of factor VIII, factor IX, vWF, and CRP in patients with breast cancer were higher than those in controls. Protein S levels in patients were lower than in controls. There was no significant difference in other hemostatic parameters between the groups. In patients with axillary lymph node metastasis, factor VIII levels were significantly higher than in node-negative patients. There was a strong correlation between axillary lymph node status, number of metastatic nodes, and factor VIII levels. There was no correlation between factor VIII levels and CRP. Factor VIII levels were higher in the group having high HER2/neu (3+) than in the group with negativity for HER2/neu. CONCLUSION: There was a strong correlation between axillary lymph node involvement, number of metastatic nodules, overexpression of HER2/neu, hemostatic parameters, and factor VIII levels. Our study showed that factor VIII level measurement can provide additional data for evaluation of breast cancer patients' prognosis.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Factor IX/metabolismo , Factor VIII/metabolismo , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Factor de von Willebrand/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anticoagulantes/metabolismo , Antitrombina III/metabolismo , Axila , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Productos de Degradación de Fibrina-Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Proteína S/metabolismo , Receptores de Esteroides/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of cytokine gene polymorphism with the development of breast cancer. METHODS: The study was carried out in Uludag University Medical School, Bursa, Turkey. The study included 38 patients with breast cancer admitted to the Medical Oncology outpatient clinic, and 24 healthy controls, age and sex matched, from the Internal Medicine Department between 2004 and 2005. All genotyping of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), tumor growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) experiments were performed using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers. RESULTS: The frequencies of IL-6-174GC genotype and IL-10 (-1082, -819, -592) GCC/ATA haplotype were significantly higher in the patient group (p=0.0008) when compared with controls (p=0.020). Significantly lower frequencies of IL-10 (-1082, -819, -592) ACC/ATA haplotype were observed in the patient group in comparison to the controls (p=0.026). The distribution of IFN-gamma +874, TNF-alpha 308, and TGF-beta1 codon 10-25 genotypes failed to show any statistical significant association with the development of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that IL-10 (-1082, -819, -592) GCC/ATA haplotype and IL-6-174 GC genotype seem to be potential risk factors for the development of breast cancer. The presence of IL-10ACC/ATA haplotype may be protective for the oncogenesis of breast cancer.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Citocinas/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Codón , Femenino , Genotipo , Haplotipos , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-6/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Chemotherapy provides palliation and modest prolongation of symptom-free survival in metastatic breast cancer. Taxane containing regimens are commonly considered to be among the initials in metastatic setting due to earlier use of anthracyclines in the course of breast cancer. Therefore, we conducted this Phase II study to assess efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel (GT) combination therapy in anthracycline pretreated metastatic first-line setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 26 women with pathologically confirmed and measurable metastatic breast cancer who were previously treated with anthracycline but no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Twenty six and twenty four patients were eligible for toxicity and efficacy evaluations respectively. Mean age was 47.3 years and median ECOG performance status was 0. Twenty patients (76.9 percent) had visceral metastases, most commonly located in liver and lung. Treatment schedule was as follows: paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 was administered intravenously in 3 hours on Day 1 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 was administered intravenously in 30 minutes on Day 1 after paclitaxel application, and on Day 8 every 21 days. RESULTS: Objective response rate was 41.7 percent (95 percent CI: 21.9-61.4) with 16.7 percent (95 percent CI: 1.7-31.6 percent) CR, and 25.0 percent (95 percent CI: 7.6-42.3 percent) PR. Median time to progression and overall survival were 9.6 and 14.5 months, respectively. Grade 3-4 toxicity was observed in 34.6 percent (9) patients. Treatment of two patients was discontinued due to toxicity, consisting of Grade 3 hypersensitivity reactions and Grade 4 infections in one patient each. Dose reductions due to myelotoxicity were performed in 4 (15.3 percent) patients. Hematologic toxicities were generally manageable with appropriate dose modifications and supportive care. CONCLUSION: Gemcitabine and paclitaxel combination regimen is effective and has manageable toxicity profile as first line metastatic setting.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Antraciclinas/administración & dosificación , Antraciclinas/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/efectos adversos , Desoxicitidina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Resultado del Tratamiento , GemcitabinaRESUMEN
Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity may be risk factors for breast cancer. The mechanism of IR in patients with cancer has not been fully clarified yet. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible role of circulating cytokines; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in inducing IR in 20 overweight or obese patients with early stage breast cancer and to compare their levels with that of body mass index matched 20 healthy controls. IR was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) method. Four groups were formed according to a 2.7 HOMA-IR cut-off value as breast cancer with or without IR and controls with or without IR. IL-6 and HOMA-IR values were found to be higher in breast cancer patients with IR compared to other groups. There was no significant difference in TNF-alpha levels between groups. HOMA-IR values correlated with estradiol and IL-6 levels in all breast cancer patients but not TNF-alpha. HOMA-IR values, serum insulin, estradiol and IL-6 levels in the receptor positive group were significantly higher than those of the receptor negative group. These results suggested a possible contribution of endogenous IL-6 production and hyperinsulinemia to the development of breast cancer in overweight or obese patients with prominent IR.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Resistencia a la Insulina , Interleucina-6/sangre , Obesidad/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
AIM: There is no comprehensive study that compares the different usage strategies of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in platinum-induced anemia. In order to clarify this issue, we conducted a prospective clinical study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-seven patients were studied in three main groups. Group 1 (n = 17) consisted of cancer patients without anemia. These patients received rHuEPO starting from the first chemotherapy cycle. Group 2 (n = 26) consisted of patients whose hemoglobin (Hb) values decreased by at least 1 g/dL after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Group 3 (n = 34) consisted of patients whose Hb values dropped below 10.5 g/dL after the second chemotherapy cycle. Groups 2 and 3 were each divided into two subgroups. In groups 1, 2A and 3A rHuEPO (5000 U/day subcutaneously three times a week) treatment was continued until three weeks after the completion of chemotherapy. In groups 2B and 3B, rHuEPO was given for 12 weeks only. RESULTS: There were no prominent differences between the Hb values of these groups throughout the chemotherapy cycles. Transfusion rates and the number of patients who became anemic were also not different between groups. CONCLUSION: No rHuEPO usage strategies are superior to others in terms of Hb levels and transfusion requirements. The decision as to when rHuEPO is to be added to platinum-containing therapy should be tailored to the health conditions of individual patients.
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Anemia Hipocrómica/tratamiento farmacológico , Eritropoyetina/administración & dosificación , Hematínicos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Compuestos de Platino/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Anemia Hipocrómica/sangre , Anemia Hipocrómica/inducido químicamente , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/sangre , Compuestos de Platino/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Recombinantes , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: H. pylori-induced hyperproliferation of the gastric epithelium may have a critical role in gastric carcinogenesis. H. pylori-related hyperproliferation and reversibility of hyperproliferation after eradication therapy is still controversial. Therefore, we have evaluated the effects of H. pylori and its eradication on gastric antral epithelial proliferation. METHODOLOGY: A total of 32 H. pylori-positive and 22 H. pylori-negative subjects were enrolled into the study. Triple eradication therapy was given to the H. pylori-positive group. Upper endoscopy was repeated one month after the therapy and six months later, antral biopsy specimens were taken in each endoscopy. Biopsy specimens from H. pylori-negative subject were taken at the beginning of the study and sixth months later also. RESULTS: Proliferative index was 40.2% in H. pylori-positive state; it regressed to 27.6% after eradication and six months later the proliferative index was 30.7%. H. pylori-negative group's proliferative index was 25.5% initially and six months later it was 25.6%. The difference between the H. pylori-positive and -negative group was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The difference between H. pylori-positive group's values at the beginning of the study and one month after the eradication was significant (p<0.0001). In addition, the difference between H. pylori-positive group's initial values and those six months after eradication was also significant (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori increased the gastric epithelial proliferation and after the eradication therapy proliferative index decreased to control values. H. pylori and the related factors inducing gastric antral hyperproliferation may have an important role in H. pylori-related gastric malignancies.
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Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antiulcerosos/uso terapéutico , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/efectos de los fármacos , Claritromicina/uso terapéutico , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Gastritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/efectos de los fármacos , Omeprazol/análogos & derivados , Omeprazol/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Gástricas/prevención & control , 2-Piridinilmetilsulfinilbencimidazoles , Adulto , Biopsia , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/patología , Quimioterapia Combinada , Epitelio/efectos de los fármacos , Epitelio/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Gastritis/patología , Gastroscopía , Infecciones por Helicobacter/patología , Helicobacter pylori/patogenicidad , Humanos , Lansoprazol , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antro Pilórico/efectos de los fármacos , Antro Pilórico/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Virulencia/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
AIM: To determine the activity and toxicity of a combination of weekly gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil bolus intravenously in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer were included in this phase II study. The schedule was gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 i.v.) and 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m2 bolus i.v.) weekly for 3 weeks every month. RESULTS: Four patients (19%) achieved a partial response and three stable disease. A clinical benefit was obtained in 7 patients (33%). Median survival for all the patients was 6 months. The treatment was well tolerated and toxicity was mild. WHO grade 3 leukopenia occurred in 2 (9.5%) patients, grade 3 anemia in 4 (19%) patients, grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia in 4 (19%) patients, grade 1 diarrhea in 1 (4.7%) patient and grade 1 mucositis in 3 (14.2%) patients. CONCLUSION: The weekly administration of gemcitabine combined with 5-fluorouracil bolus i.v. is an active and well-tolerated regimen in metastatic pancreatic cancer. However, its efficacy is relatively limited.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Analgésicos/administración & dosificación , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Peso Corporal , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , GemcitabinaRESUMEN
AIM/BACKGROUND: nm23 is suggested to represent a new class of metastasis suppressor genes. An inverse correlation between nm23 expression level and metastatic potential has been demonstrated in different malignancies. This study evaluated the prognostic value of nm23 in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression level of nm23 was studied in a total of 32 patients with localized GISTs. The relationship between the expression level of nm23 and patient outcome was investigated. RESULTS: A tumor size of 10 cm or more and a mitotic rate of 10 or more per 50 high-power fields were not significantly associated with the metastasis risk (p = 0.60 and 0.55, respectively). Tumors with high expression of nm23 tended to have significantly lower metastatic potential (p = 0.02). The median survival was significantly longer in patients with high expression of nm23 (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that expression level of nm23 may be considered as a prognostic predictor in GISTs. Future studies with larger patient numbers will be essential to confirm the prognostic significance of nm23 in patients with GIST.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/diagnóstico , Nucleósido-Difosfato Quinasa , Proteínas/análisis , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/terapia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Nucleósido Difosfato Quinasas NM23 , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Células del Estroma/patologíaRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the activity and toxicity of irinotecan (CPT-11) as a single agent in patients with advanced gastric cancer after failure of previous 5-fluorouracil-based combination chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients with advanced gastric received CPT-11, 350 mg/m2 every 21 days. The median age of the patients was 54.6 years; ECOG performance status was 0-1 in 14 patients and 2 in 2 patients. Dominant metastatic sites included liver, lung, lymph nodes and peritoneum. RESULTS: No complete response was observed. Two patients (12.5%) achieved a partial response to treatment. One patient (6.25%) had a minor response. Ten patients (62.5%) had progressive disease on therapy, and 3 patients (18.75%) had stable disease. The median survival of all 16 patients was 5 months. Grade 3 neutropenia was observed in 3 patients (18.75%), grade 4 thrombocytopenia in 1 patient (6.25%), and grade 3 anemia in 1 patient (6.25%). Three patients (18.75%) suffered from grade 3 diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: CPT-11 is moderately active and a well-tolerated regimen for selected advanced gastric cancer patients who experience disease progression after receiving first-line treatment.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Camptotecina/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Camptotecina/efectos adversos , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Irinotecán , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
AIM: In this study we determined the protective role of amifostine against the side effects of the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chemo-naive patients with NSCLC were eligible. Thirty-eight patients were randomized to receive paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC = 6 with amifostine 910 mg/m2 (group B) or chemotherapy alone (group A). The occurrences of hematologic, neurologic, cardiologic toxicities, and ototoxicity were evaluated. RESULTS: All patients completed the six scheduled cycles of therapy. A total of 114 cycles of chemotherapy was given in both groups. Neutropenia grade 3-4 was observed in 11 cycles (9.6%) in group A and 19 cycles (16.6%) in group B (p = 0.16). Paresthesia grade 1 or 2 was observed in 18 of 19 patients of group A and in 8 of 19 patients of group B, following the sixth cycle of chemotherapy (p = 0.018). Two patients of group B and nine patients of group A suffered from sensory motor impairment grade 2 (p = 0.029). There was no clinical evidence in any patient for deterioration in cardiac function. Asymptomatic and transient sinus bradycardia or ventricular premature beats developed in four patients. None of the patients reported vertigo, tinnitus, or hearing loss. CONCLUSION: The addition of the amifostine to the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin may prevent or reduce the incidence of neurotoxicity in the treatment of NSCLC. Amifostine does not appear to have a preventive role in neutropenia.
Asunto(s)
Amifostina/uso terapéutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Citoprotección , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Sustancias Protectoras/uso terapéutico , Amifostina/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Carboplatino/administración & dosificación , Carboplatino/efectos adversos , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Femenino , Cardiopatías/inducido químicamente , Cardiopatías/prevención & control , Enfermedades Hematológicas/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Hematológicas/prevención & control , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/prevención & control , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Estudios Prospectivos , Sustancias Protectoras/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is a rare entity characterized clinically by an aggressive behavior with a high incidence of systemic metastases. We report the clinicopathologic findings of five cases. METHODS: We reviewed five consecutive patients with SCCB treated at our institute. In each case the following clinical data were recorded: age, sex, presenting symptoms, endoscopically determined location of the tumor, clinical staging, node involvement (if any), site of metastases (if any), treatment, follow-up and outcome. RESULTS: There were four male and one female patients, age range 42 to 68 years, mean 57.6 years. The clinical presentation was not different from conventional transitional cell carcinoma, with hematuria being the most frequent complaint (four cases). Microscopic examination revealed oat cells in three cases and an intermediate variant in one. At the time of diagnosis the tumors were staged as T3bN2M0, T2N2M0, T4N0M0, T3aN0M0, and T2N0M0. Primary therapy consisted of radical cystectomy alone (one case), transurethral resection (TUR) alone (one case), TUR with chemotherapy (two cases), or TUR with chemotherapy and radiotherapy (one case). Four patients died of progressive disease, with survival from the time of diagnosis ranging from 7 to 16 months (mean, 12.2 months). One patient died of myocardial infarction (unrelated to the primary disease) one month after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is as aggressive as its pulmonary counterpart and the overall prognosis of this tumor is very poor.