RESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of the chlorosalicylicamide sustained-release granules (LDS-SRG) on Oncomelania hupensis. Methods: Seven effective concentrations or dosages of LDS-SRG, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 mg/L ï¼for immersion testï¼ or g/m2ï¼for spraying testï¼, were prepared from the original 5% and 10% concentrations or dosages in the laboratory. In the immersion test, each concentration of LDS-SRG was incubated with 3 packs of snailsï¼30 snails in each packï¼, and each pack was taken for snail counting at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. In the spraying test, each dosage of LDS-SRG was applied to 200 snails, and the snail mortality was calculated in 50 randmoly collected snails on days 3 and 7, and in the whole on day 14 after administration. In the field immersion test, LDS-SRG at concentrations of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 g/m3 was incubated with 6 packs of snails ï¼30 snails in each packï¼, and each 2 packs were taken at 24, 48, and 72 h to calculate the snail mortality. In the field spraying test, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 g/m2 LDS-SRG was sprayed in 3 snail-positive ditches ï¼ï½100 m2ï¼, and 10 boxes of snails were selected in each ditch on days 3, 7 and 14 to calculate the snail mortality. The 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt ï¼WPNï¼ with effective concentrations or dosages of 1.0 mg/L ï¼or g/m2 and g/m3ï¼ was used as the positive control. Fresh water served as the blank control. Results: In the labratory immersion test using the original concentration of 5%, both 0.1-6.4 mg/L LDS-SRG for 72 h and 1.6-6.4 mg/L LDS-SRG for 48 h caused 100% mortality; and the concentration lethal to 50% ï¼LC50ï¼ at 24, 48 and 72 h was 0.70, 0.01 and 0.01 mg/L respectively. When using the original concentration of 10%, both 0.1-6.4 mg/L LDS-SRG for 72 h and 0.2-6.4 mg/L LDS-SRG for 48 h caused 100% mortality; and the LC50 at 24, 48 and 72 h was 0.15, 0.01 and 0.01 mg/L respectively. The labratory spraying test showed that 7-day administration of 1.6 and 6.4 g/m2 LDS-SRG as well as 14-day administration of 3.2 and 6.4 g/m2 LDS-SRG prepared from 5% dosage, resulted in a snail mortality>95%, with the LD50 on days 3, 7 and 14 being 0.06, 0.16, and 0.18 g/m2; 14-day administration of 1.6 g/m2 LDS-SRG as well as 7-day administration of 6.4 g/m2 LDS-SRG prepared from 10% dosage, resulted in a snail mortality>95%, with the LD50 on days 3, 7 and 14 being 3.29, 0.75, and 0.16 g/m2. The mortality by various dosages of LDS-SRG prepared from 5% dosage was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). In the field immersion test, the snail mortality by 1.6 g/m3 LDS-SRG prepared from 5% and 10% concentrations for 72 h was 96.43% and 98.21% respectively (P>0.05 versus the control group). In the field spraying test, the snail mortality by 3.2 g/m2 LDS-SRG prepared from 5% dosage for 3, 7 and 14 days was 93.99%, 91.18% and 86.48% respectively, and that from 10% dosage was 94.95%, 93.50% and 85.43%, all significantly higher than that of the control group ï¼82.83%, 72.38% and 48.38%ï¼ï¼P<0.05ï¼; the snail mortality by 0.8 g/m2 LDS-SRG prepared from 5% dosage for 14 daysï¼66.51%ï¼ and that by 1.6 g/m2 LDS-SRG prepared from 5% dosage for 3 daysï¼84.61%ï¼ were both significantly higher than that by 10% LDS-SRGï¼20.13% and 43.06%ï¼ ï¼P<0.05ï¼. Conclusion: The 5% and 10% LDS-SRG used separately in the immersion test and the spraying test both meet the requirements of the national standard of Efficacy Test Methods and Evaluation of Molluscicide for Pesticide Registration.
Asunto(s)
Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Moluscocidas , Animales , Agua Dulce , Niclosamida , CaracolesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To construct a performance evaluation and management system on advanced schistosomiasis medical treatment, and analyze and evaluate the work of the advanced schistosomiasis medical treatment over the years. METHODS: By applying the database management technique and C++ programming technique, we inputted the information of the advanced schistosomiasis cases into the system, and comprehensively evaluated the work of the advanced schistosomiasis medical treatment through the cost-effect analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, and cost-benefit analysis. RESULTS: We made a set of software formula about cost-effect analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, and cost-benefit analysis. This system had many features such as clear building, easy to operate, friendly surface, convenient information input and information search. It could benefit the performance evaluation of the province's advanced schistosomiasis medical treatment work. CONCLUSION: This system can satisfy the current needs of advanced schistosomiasis medical treatment work and can be easy to be widely used.
Asunto(s)
Esquistosomiasis/terapia , Programas Informáticos , Sistemas de Administración de Bases de Datos , Humanos , Lenguajes de Programación , Interfaz Usuario-ComputadorRESUMEN
There were 39 996 cases of advanced schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, 2004-2011, and most of them were of ascites type. During the period of 8 years, the assistance rate was 97.14%, the cure rate was 14.54%, the mortality rate was 5.59%, and the newly increased rates and the mortality rates declined year by year.