RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: trauma is the leading cause of death for the age group from 1 to 49 years in Brazil. Non-Operative Management (NOM) is the gold standard in trauma centers and does not affect mortality in comparison to operative treatment. METHODS: medical records were reviewed for 114 patients with blunt liver trauma treated at Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HC-UFU) from November 2015 to November 2020. RESULTS: the most prevalent gender was masculine (74.5%). The most prevalent age group was 20 to 49 years (65.7%). The majority of admitted patients (60.5%) had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of more than 15. On hospital admission, 30.7% had HR above 100 bpm and 30.70% had SBP below 100mmHg. NOM was implemented in 77.2% of patients, the failure rate was 11.36% and the specific failure rate, excluding complications of associated injuries that resulted in surgery, was 1.75%. One third of deaths were due to severe traumatic brain injury. CONCLUSION: the failure rate of NOM in this study is similar to the literature reports for liver trauma. The failure rate, excluding complications of associated injuries, is considered low. The recognition of the epidemiological profile of patients admitted at HC-UFU allows multidisciplinary and integrated care with specialized training, as well as the development of institutional protocols, aiming to reduce morbidity and mortality related to hepatic trauma.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Abdominales , Heridas no Penetrantes , Humanos , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Hígado , Puntaje de Gravedad del Traumatismo , Centros Traumatológicos , Hospitales , Traumatismos Abdominales/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: trauma is the leading cause of death for the age group from 1 to 49 years in Brazil. Non-Operative Management (NOM) is the gold standard in trauma centers and does not affect mortality in comparison to operative treatment. Methods: medical records were reviewed for 114 patients with blunt liver trauma treated at Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HC-UFU) from November 2015 to November 2020. Results: the most prevalent gender was masculine (74.5%). The most prevalent age group was 20 to 49 years (65.7%). The majority of admitted patients (60.5%) had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of more than 15. On hospital admission, 30.7% had HR above 100 bpm and 30.70% had SBP below 100mmHg. NOM was implemented in 77.2% of patients, the failure rate was 11.36% and the specific failure rate, excluding complications of associated injuries that resulted in surgery, was 1.75%. One third of deaths were due to severe traumatic brain injury. Conclusion: the failure rate of NOM in this study is similar to the literature reports for liver trauma. The failure rate, excluding complications of associated injuries, is considered low. The recognition of the epidemiological profile of patients admitted at HC-UFU allows multidisciplinary and integrated care with specialized training, as well as the development of institutional protocols, aiming to reduce morbidity and mortality related to hepatic trauma.
RESUMO Introdução: o trauma é a principal causa de morte na faixa etária de 1 a 49 anos no Brasil. O Tratamento não operatório (TNO) é padrão ouro nos centros de trauma e não altera a mortalidade quando comparado ao tratamento operatório. Métodos: foram avaliados 114 prontuários médicos de pacientes vítimas de trauma hepático contuso atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (HC-UFU) no período de novembro de 2015 a novembro de 2020. Resultados: os homens foram o sexo mais acometido (74,5%) e a faixa etária mais prevalente foi de 20 a 49 anos (65,7%). 60,5% dos pacientes admitidos apresentavam um Injury Severity Score (ISS) maior ou igual a 16. Na admissão, 30,7% apresentaram FC acima de 100bpm e 30,70% PAS abaixo de 100mmHg. O TNO foi instituído em 77,2% dos pacientes, o índice de falha foi de 11,36% e o índice de falha específica, excluindo as cirurgias decorrentes por complicação de lesões associadas, foi de 1,75%. 33,33% dos óbitos foram decorrentes de traumatismo cranioencefálico grave. Conclusão: o índice de TNO instituído no HC-UFU é próximo ao estabelecido na literatura para traumas hepáticos. O índice de falha, quando excluídas às complicações por lesões associadas, é considerado baixo. O reconhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes admitidos no HC-UFU permite o treinamento especializado integrativo e multiprofissional das equipes assistenciais e o desenvolvimento de protocolos institucionais, visando reduzir a morbimortalidade relacionada ao trauma hepático.
RESUMEN
RACIONAL: Lesões peritoniais, comuns no per e pós-operatório, levam à formação de aderências, cuja incidência aumenta ainda mais com o uso de telas de polipropileno. A nitrofurazona é uma substância que acelera o processo de cicatrização e, devido a isso, cogitou-se a possibilidade de uma ação sobre as aderências peritoniais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as aderências pós-operatórias em ratos submetidos a peritoniostomia com fixação de tela de polipropileno associada a nitrofurazona. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se 33 ratos Wistar, divididos em 3 grupos de 11 animais, sendo no grupo I realizado laparotomia com exposição da cavidade ao ar ambiente e posterior laparorrafia; no grupo II, ressecção de fragmento da parede abdominal com fixação de tela de polipropileno no espaço e no grupo III, procedimento semelhante ao do grupo II, porém com tela embebida em nitrofurazona. Após 45 dias foram sacrificados e necropsiados. RESULTADOS: Dos animais do grupo I, sete não tiveram aderências (grau 0), dois tiveram aderências de grau 1 e dois de grau 2. No grupo II, 1 foi classificado como grau 3 e 10 como grau 4. No grupo III, um foi de grau 0, oito de grau 3 e um de grau 4 (um animal foi a óbito antes de 45 dias). Todas as aderências encontradas envolveram parede abdominal; 10 animais tiveram aderências envolvendo apenas o omento (grupo I = 4; grupo II = 1 e grupo III = 5); 11 animais tiveram aderências envolvendo o omento, as alças intestinais e outros órgãos abdominais, sendo 10 do grupo II e um do grupo III; três animais tiveram aderências envolvendo apenas alças intestinais, sendo todos do grupo III. Dos 14 animais que tiveram aderências envolvendo as alças intestinais, 10 eram do grupo II (9 com mais de um ponto) e 4 do grupo III (3 com somente um ponto de fixação). CONCLUSÃO: O uso de nitrofurazona associado à tela de polipropileno não reduziu significativamente a incidência de aderências pós-operatórias em ratos, porém diminuiu a intensidade e gravidade dessas aderências.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratas , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Nitrofurazona/uso terapéutico , Peritoneo/cirugía , Polipropilenos/uso terapéutico , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Adherencias Tisulares , Peritoneo/patología , Ratas Wistar , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adherencias TisularesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Peritoneal injuries, common in per and postoperative, lead to the formation of adhesions. The use of polypropylene mesh increases the postoperative adhesions incidence. Based on the fact of nitrofurazone accelerates the healing process, a possible action on peritoneal adhesions was cogitated. AIM: To evaluate postoperative adhesions in rats submitted to peritoneostomy with polypropylene mesh fixation associated to nitrofurazone. METHODS: Thirty-three Wistar rats were separated into three groups of eleven animals each one. In group I was performed the laparotomy with exposition of the abdominal cavity followed by the laparotomy suture; in group II was performed the resection of a abdominal wall fragment followed by polypropylene mesh fixation on the gap and in group III was performed the same done in group II, but the mesh was previously impregnated with nitrofurazone. After 45 days the animals were sacrificed and necropsied. RESULTS: Seven animals of group I had no adhesions (degree 0), two had degree 1 adhesions and two had degree 2. In group II, one animal was classificated as degree 3 and ten as degree 4. In group III, one had degree 0, eight had degree 3 and one had degree 4 (one animal died before 45 days). All adhesions found involved the abdominal wall; ten animals had adhesions involving only omentum (group I = 4; group II = 1 and group III = 5); eleven animals had adhesions involving omentum, small bowel and other abdominal organs (group II = 10; group III = 1); three animals had adhesions involving only small bowel, all belonged to group III. Fourteen animals had adhesions involving small bowel, of these ten belonged to group II (nine with more than one fixation point) and four belonged to group III (three with just one fixation point). CONCLUSION: The association of nitrofurazone with polypropylene mesh did not reduce significantly the postoperative adhesions incidence in rats, but reduced the intensity and severity of these adhesions.