RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The contrast sensitivity (CS) function in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) may be impaired either frequently as a result of dry eye diseases or rarely as a result of optic neuropathy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the CS function in pSS patients as well as to assess corneal aberrations and thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL). METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 pSS patients (pSS group) and 14 eyes of 14 healthy participants (control group) were subjected to assessment of CS at the spatial frequencies of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12, and 18 cycles/degree (cpd) using a functional visual acuity contrast test (FACT); measurement of corneal high-order aberrations (HOAs) in terms of coma-like, spherical-like, and total HOAs using Scheimpflug corneal topography; and measurement of the thickness of both the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) and pRNFL in all quadrants using optical coherence tomography. None of the participants were under treatment with artificial tears. RESULTS: The results of the CS test did not differ between the 2 groups at all spatial frequencies (p>0.05). In addition, there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of corneal HOAs (p>0.05) and thickness of mGCIPL (p>0.05). However, among all quadrants, only the inferior quadrant of pRNFL in pSS patients was statistically significantly thinner than that in the healthy participants (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The CS function in pSS patients can be maintained with normal thickness of both pRNFL and mGCIPL and with lack of increased corneal HOAs, which may be present even in the absence of artificial tear usage.
Asunto(s)
Sensibilidad de Contraste/fisiología , Síndrome de Sjögren/fisiopatología , Adulto , Córnea/fisiopatología , Aberración de Frente de Onda Corneal/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fibras Nerviosas , Estudios Prospectivos , Síndrome de Sjögren/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Pruebas de Visión/métodos , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Purpose: The contrast sensitivity (CS) function in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) may be impaired either frequently as a result of dry eye diseases or rarely as a result of optic neuropathy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the CS function in pSS patients as well as to assess corneal aberrations and thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL). Methods: Fourteen eyes of 14 pSS patients (pSS group) and 14 eyes of 14 healthy participants (control group) were subjected to assessment of CS at the spatial frequencies of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12, and 18 cycles/degree (cpd) using a functional visual acuity contrast test (FACT); measurement of corneal high-order aberrations (HOAs) in terms of coma-like, spherical-like, and total HOAs using Scheimpflug corneal topography; and measurement of the thickness of both the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) and pRNFL in all quadrants using optical coherence tomography. None of the participants were under treatment with artificial tears. Results: The results of the CS test did not differ between the 2 groups at all spatial frequencies (p>0.05). In addition, there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of corneal HOAs (p>0.05) and thickness of mGCIPL (p>0.05). However, among all quadrants, only the inferior quadrant of pRNFL in pSS patients was statistically significantly thinner than that in the healthy participants (p=0.04). Conclusions: The CS function in pSS patients can be maintained with normal thickness of both pRNFL and mGCIPL and with lack of increased corneal HOAs, which may be present even in the absence of artificial tear usage. .
RESUMO Objetivo: A função de sensibilidade ao contraste em pacientes com síndrome de Sjögren primário (pSS) pode ser prejudicada, quer frequentemente como resultado de doenças do olho seco, ou mais raramente como um resultado de neuropatia óptica. Neste estudo, objetivamos avaliar a função de sensibilidade ao contraste de pacientes com pSS, além da avaliação das aberrações da córnea e a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina (pRNFL). Métodos: Catorze olhos de 14 pacientes com pSS e 14 olhos de 14 participantes saudáveis foram submetidos, respectivamente, à avaliação do teste de sensibilidade aos contrastes (CS) nas frequências espaciais de 1,5, 3,0, 6,0, 12 e 18 ciclos/grau (cpd), utilizando teste de contraste acuidade visual funcional (FACT); a medida das aberrações de alta ordem da córnea (HOAs) em termos de coma, aberrações esféricas e aberrações totais, utilizando topografia corneana por Scheimpflug; e medida de espessura da camada de macular de células ganglionares plexiforme interna (mGCIPL) e a espessura de pRNFL em todos os quadrantes usando tomografia de coerência óptica. Nenhum dos participantes estava sob tratamento com lágrimas artificiais. Resultados: O teste CS em pacientes pSS não diferiu do que o teste CS em participantes saudáveis em todas as frequências espaciais (p>0,05). Não houve também nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos em termos de HOAs da córnea (p>0,05), e espessura de mGCIPL (p>0,05). No entanto, entre todos os quadrantes, apenas o quadrante inferior da pRNFL em pacientes pSS foi significativamente mais fino que o quadrante inferior da pRNFL em participantes saudáveis (p=0,04). Conclusões: A função de CS em doentes com pSS pode ser mantida em condições de ambas as espessuras normais de pRNFL e mGCIPL, assim como nas condições de falta de aumento HOAs da córnea, que pode ser mantida, mesmo na ausência do uso de lágrimas artificiais. .