RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the lipid profile complete blood count and other biochemical parameters in normotensive and hypertensive individuals. DESIGN: Cross-sectional population-based epidemiological household survey. SETTING: Population sample of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: Hypertensive individuals had significantly higher mean levels of glucose, Tc, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides and HBAIc, compared to normotensive individuals while there were no significant difference in the mean levels of Apo AI and Apo B. Within the same group there were variations in the levels of certain parameters between male and female. While the mean levels of haemoglobin, WBC and platelets were significantly higher in the hypertensive group compared to normotensive, there were no significant differences between these two groups in the levels of RBC, MCV, HCT, MCH and MCHC. However, the mean levels haemoglobin, RBC count and HCT were significantly higher in male compared to female within the same group with no significant difference in levels of WBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC. Furthermore, the mean concentration of platelets was significantly higher in females compared to male within the same group. Hypertensive individuals had significantly higher serum sodium, chloride and calcium levels but a significantly lower potassium level when compared to normotensive with no siginificant differences between male and female within the same group. CONCLUSION: The lipid and electrolyte profile of hypertensive individuals differ from that of normotensive individuals in this population. This study has contributed towards establishing the normal values for a number of parameters involved in the aetiology of cardiovascular diseases in the population of Eastern province.
Asunto(s)
Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores , Calcio/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cloruros/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Composición Familiar , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Arabia Saudita/epidemiología , Sodio/sangreRESUMEN
Using a sample of 329 currently depressed patients from 24 hospitals across China, this study assesses the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Beck Depression Inventory (CBDI). Even though the internal reliability and the concurrent validity were good (Cronbach alpha = 0.846; r = 0.566), the results showed that the item of Loss of Libido was most weakly correlated with the CBDI's total score; the items of Sense of Punishment, Sense of Hate, Self Accusations, Crying Spells, Irritability, and Somatic Preoccupation were poorly associated with the intensity of depression measured by the total score of the Chinese version of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (CHDS). The CBDI's construct validity was rather poor by principal component analysis: three of six factors were unexplainable in terms of clinical features of depression. The results demonstrated that CBDI, even though it was semantically translated into Chinese language, still could not be effectively applied in clinic and research settings in China. Using the theory and methods of psychometrics to develop China's own culturally sensitive self-report inventory is the correct way to eliminate cultural bias and make cross-cultural research more valid. This is the most rigorous scientific approach to cross-cultural comparisons.