RESUMEN

Dogs harbor numerous zoonotic pathogens, many of which are controlled through vaccination programs. The delivery of these programs can be difficult where resources are limited. We developed a dynamic model to estimate vaccination coverage and cost-per-dog vaccinated. The model considers the main factors that affect vaccination programs: dog demographics, effectiveness of strategies, efficacy of interventions and cost. The model was evaluated on data from 18 vaccination programs representing eight countries. Sensitivity analysis was performed for dog confinement and vaccination strategies. The average difference between modelled vaccination coverage and field data was 3.8% (2.3%-5.3%). Central point vaccination was the most cost-effective vaccination strategy when >88% of the dog population was confined. More active methods of vaccination, such as door-to-door or capture-vaccinate-release, achieved higher vaccination coverage in free-roaming dog populations but were more costly. This open-access tool can aid in planning more efficient vaccination campaigns in countries with limited resources.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Inter-sectoral collaboration is extremely limited, both at policy and technical levels, across the Caribbean region. However, many of the priority health problems currently facing the region, like climate change, food security, ocean health, and emerging diseases arise from the interactions between people, animals and our shared environment. If these health issues are to be addressed effectively and efficiently, an intersectoral or One Health approach is clearly required. The European Union funded project "One Health, One Caribbean, One Love" set out to promote and entrench a "One Health" approach to priority health issues affecting humans, animals and the environment within the Caribbean region. The project, which spanned from March 2014 and ended in June 2017, successfully built the capacity of the national veterinary, public health and environmental health services, through the development of a cadre of One Health Leaders, the creation of Caribbean regional and national One Health Networks, and the development of a One Health strategic framework. The One Health Leadership Series developed a core group of One Health Leaders from 12 Caribbean countries. The leaders attended a series of 5 themed One Health Leadership workshops, and each country team developed and conducted a One Health project addressing a national priority health issue at the interface between human, animal and environmental health ­ a learning by doing approach. The One Health leadership series has enabled the leaders to more effectively design and manage One Health policies, programs and projects in order to develop more holistic scientific solutions to emerging health problems.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We describe three infants (aged 9 weeks to 4 months) with the classic features of hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, including sudden onset of shock, neurologic disturbance, bleeding, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and impaired hepatic and renal function. Unlike the cases previously described, all three children recovered rapidly without evidence of long-term neurologic damage. These findings may modify the perception that this disorder has a uniformly bad outcome.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A mutant strain of Cellulomonas sp. CS1-17 was compared with Cellulomonas gelida 2480 as the cellulolytic component of a mixed culture which was responsible for the breakdown of wheat straw to support asymbiotic nitrogen fixation by Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 (ATCC 29145). Cellulomonas sp. strain CSI-17 was more efficient than was C. gelida in cellulose breakdown at lower oxygen concentrations and, in mixed culture with A. brasilense, it supported higher nitrogenase activity (C(2)H(2) reduction) and nitrogen fixation with straw as the carbon source. Based on gravimetric determinations of straw breakdown and total N determinations, the efficiency of nitrogen fixation was 72 and 63 mg of N per g of straw utilized for the mixtures containing Cellulomonas sp. and C. gelida, respectively. Both Cellulomonas spp. and Azospirillum spp. exhibited a wide range of pH tolerance. When introduced into sterilized soil, the Cellulomonas sp.-Azospirillum brasilense association was more effective in nitrogen fixation at a pH of 7.0 than at the native soil pH (5.6). This was also true of the indigenous diazotrophic microflora of this soil. The potential implications of this work to the field situation are discussed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Veintiocho pacientes portadores de cancer avanzado de colon y recto fueron tratados con el esquema FDV, consistente en suministrar el siguiente plan de tratamiento: 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2 iv, dias 1 a 5; DTIC 180 mg/m2 iv, dias 1 a 5 y vincristina 1.4 mg/m2 iv, dia 1. Todo se repite cada 4 semanas. Los pacientes eran virgenes de tratamiento quimioterapico desde el comienzo de su enfermedad diseminada. Se registraron 11/28 (39,3%) respuestas objectivas mayores del 50%. La sobrevida media fue de 12 meses: 19 en respondedores y 9 en no respondedores. La toxocidad se puso de manifiesto por nauseas y vomitos: 85.7% leucopenia (inferior a 2500 granulocitos por mm3) 21%, alopecia: 28% y neuritis:14

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Veintiocho pacientes portadores de cancer avanzado de colon y recto fueron tratados con el esquema FDV, consistente en suministrar el siguiente plan de tratamiento: 5-fluorouracilo 600 mg/m2 iv, dias 1 a 5; DTIC 180 mg/m2 iv, dias 1 a 5 y vincristina 1.4 mg/m2 iv, dia 1. Todo se repite cada 4 semanas. Los pacientes eran virgenes de tratamiento quimioterapico desde el comienzo de su enfermedad diseminada. Se registraron 11/28 (39,3%) respuestas objectivas mayores del 50%. La sobrevida media fue de 12 meses: 19 en respondedores y 9 en no respondedores. La toxocidad se puso de manifiesto por nauseas y vomitos: 85.7% leucopenia (inferior a 2500 granulocitos por mm3) 21%, alopecia: 28% y neuritis:14

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Up to now, there has been no real evidence about the effectiveness of adjuvant surgical treatments in colo-rectal cancer in patients with no evidence of disease. Investigations are frequently out of the rules that must be followed to accept the effectiveness of some treatment. Results with radiotherapy as a loco-regional treatment and chemotherapy or immunotherapy as systemic treatments are contradictory. Our opinion is that, at least in patients with Dukes'C stage, efforts must persist to find the best adjuvant scheme to prolong the free-disease interval, or ideally, increasing the number of patients healed by surgery.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Up to now, there has been no real evidence about the effectiveness of adjuvant surgical treatments in colo-rectal cancer in patients with no evidence of disease. Investigations are frequently out of the rules that must be followed to accept the effectiveness of some treatment. Results with radiotherapy as a loco-regional treatment and chemotherapy or immunotherapy as systemic treatments are contradictory. Our opinion is that, at least in patients with DukesC stage, efforts must persist to find the best adjuvant scheme to prolong the free-disease interval, or ideally, increasing the number of patients healed by surgery.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)