RESUMEN
Cervical cancer is a public health problem in developing countries and is the first cancer among women in several of these countries. Screening using the Pap test is the principle control strategy for this cancer. The aim of this study is to identify the highest cost-effectiveness strategy of Pap test screening, according to age group (20-64 years, 35-64 years and 40-64 years) and the frequency of this test (every 3 years or every 5 years). Number of cases avoid by screening and mean cost to prevent one case were used to compare these screening strategies. The principles results showed that the number of cervical cancer cases avoid increase with the coverage level of the screening and age group size, and decrease with the frequency of the Pap tests. The screening strategy interesting age group "40-64 years" every 5 years observed the highest cost-effectiveness ratio (19 MD); however cost is 23 MD for age grovy 35-64 years. These results lead to choice a frequency of Pap tests every 5 years. However, for determination of age group, other factors, as psycho-social ones, should be taken into account besides economic criterias.
Asunto(s)
Tamizaje Masivo/economía , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/prevención & control , Frotis Vaginal/economía , Distribución por Edad , Factores de Edad , Protocolos Clínicos , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Países en Desarrollo , Femenino , Humanos , Selección de Paciente , Factores de Tiempo , Túnez/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The authors report, in a retrospective study 11 cases of thoracic extra-pulmonary hydatic cyst observed during 4 years of pneumopathology practice. They stress the rarity of this localization and the variability of the clinical data. Chest X-Ray was found no specific whereas, computed tomography led often to the right diagnosis and helped in some cases a puncture of the hydatic cyst.
Asunto(s)
Equinococosis/epidemiología , Enfermedades Torácicas/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Broncoscopía , Niño , Preescolar , Equinococosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Hospitales Militares , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedades Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Túnez/epidemiología , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
In a non orientated study of 12,357 radio-detecting of the new recruits the authors noticed that tuberculosis is still occupying a privileged place despite the effort made for prevention, and a retreat of post-infectious bronchiectasis of childhood. The authors underline the necessity to continue systematic detecting despite the low percentage of restrained anomalies, this is for two reasons: *on the one hand to avoid the little tuberculosis epidemic of the barracks *on the other hand for an early treatment of the other affections especially heart affections.