RESUMEN
Stress-deformed status of bone tissue in the implantation zone was studied. The relationship between the level of strain in the spongy and cortical layers of the bone and spatial location of the implant in the jaw and its geometrical parameters is demonstrated. Numerical analysis of the level of bone tissue stress was carried out on the basis of experimentally created three-dimensional solid-body model of the maxilla. The process of changes in the distribution of tensions during different phases of mastication was investigated. The potentialities of numerical analysis in the planning of orthodontic treatment of patients with dentition defects making use of implants are demonstrated.
Asunto(s)
Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Maxilar/fisiología , Análisis Numérico Asistido por Computador , Ortodoncia/métodos , Implantes Dentales , Humanos , Modelos Biológicos , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Estrés MecánicoRESUMEN
Functional features of type Brånemark implants are compared with those of type IMZ implants. The problem of determining optimal stiffness characteristics of type IMZ implants has been solved by means of linear programming. The conclusion was made on considerable improvement in distribution of loads when type IMZ osseointegrated implants are used as supporting elements in the denture.
Asunto(s)
Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Implantes Dentales , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/métodos , Fuerza de la Mordida , Implantación Dental Endoósea/instrumentación , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Análisis de Elementos Finitos , HumanosRESUMEN
Biomechanics of the dental implants introduced into alveoli immediately after tooth extraction has been investigated. The programme ANSYS has been used. Three-dimension volume mathematical models were calculated, with the help of which the tense-deformed state of the supportive biological tissues has been investigated in the area of direct implantation. On the grounds of the results obtained a conclusion has been made that there is an essential improvement of the load distribution under investigation of the inner bone modified biologically designed implants for direct implantation.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Modelos Teóricos , Proceso Alveolar/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Pilares Dentales , Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Implantación Dental Endoósea/estadística & datos numéricos , Implantes Dentales/estadística & datos numéricos , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/métodos , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Matemática , Extracción DentalRESUMEN
Opportunities to increase prosthetic treatment efficiency by means of applying osseointegrated implants of traditional and prospective types are analysed. A technique of mathematical modelling of the interaction between implants and jaw bone is exposed. The numerical model and applied program, developed on the basis of finite element method, enabling to analyse a stress strain state of the bone and to determine extreme safe loads on implants are described. It is shown, that the most loaded zone is a layer of the compact bone directly contiguous to the neck of the implant. That is in good agreement with the results of clinical research, according to which just this zone has the highest percentage of complications. Methods for further optimisation of implants and prosthetic structures for the purpose to perfect the techniques of prosthetic treatment are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Simulación por Computador , Diseño Asistido por Computadora , Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/métodos , Modelos Biológicos , Ortodoncia/métodos , Simulación por Computador/estadística & datos numéricos , Diseño Asistido por Computadora/estadística & datos numéricos , Implantación Dental Endoósea/estadística & datos numéricos , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Análisis Numérico Asistido por Computador , Ortodoncia/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
The priority problems in orthodontic treatment of denture total defects, making use of intraosseous implants, are discussed. The study was aimed at estimation of the optimal number of implants and sites of implantation, choice of a rational orthodontic design permitting the distribution of the masticatory load in proportion with the supporting tissue potentialities. The desired effect is achieved via estimation of the mathematical model of the denture design supported by intraosseous implants.
Asunto(s)
Simulación por Computador , Implantación Dental Endoósea , Dentadura Completa , Modelos Dentales , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Diseño de Dentadura , Humanos , MatemáticaRESUMEN
Mathematical modelling allowed to use specially designed software package for calculation of the necessary number of variants of dimensions of denture carcass while planning the orthodontic treatment. This could be done for each patient individually, thus ensuring the correct choice of orthodontic technique to replace the end defects of the dentition.