RESUMEN
The aim of this article is to document the current dietary profile of pregnant women in rural areas of Delhi. In order to explore the diet the combination of quantitative (24-h recall method) and qualitative methods (food frequency method) were used. The mean intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, namely, iron, folic acid and Vitamin C which play an important role in the pathophysiology of nutritional anaemia during pregnancy was calculated from the foodstuffs, using Nutritive Value of Indian Foods. The preferences and avoidance of various foods by the pregnant women were also elicited. The data were analysed using Epi Info 3.4. The intake of calories, protein, iron, folic acid and Vitamin C was found to be less than the recommended dietary allowance in 100%, 91.2%, 98.2%, 99.1% and 65.8% of pregnant women respectively. Folic acid intakes were significantly lower in younger, primiparous and poorly educated women from low-income families. Vitamin C intake was lower among non-Hindus only. The overall data suggested the presence of food gap rather than isolated deficiency of any particular nutrient.
Asunto(s)
Anemia Ferropénica/epidemiología , Dieta , Fenómenos Fisiologicos Nutricionales Maternos/fisiología , Necesidades Nutricionales , Estado Nutricional , Adolescente , Adulto , Países en Desarrollo , Dieta/normas , Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ingestión de Energía , Femenino , Trastornos Nutricionales en el Feto/prevención & control , Ácido Fólico/administración & dosificación , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/epidemiología , Humanos , India , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Recuerdo Mental , Evaluación Nutricional , Política Nutricional , Valor Nutritivo , Embarazo , Atención Prenatal , Medición de Riesgo , Población Rural , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
A cross sectional study was done to assess the performance of Pulse Polio Immunization Booths on National Pulse Polio Immunization day (NID) observed on 2nd December 2001. 55 booths located in Delhi were visited. House to house visits were made on 5 successive days to assess out-reach activities and hold focus group discussions with workers and mothers of the beneficiaries. Majority of the booths were within walking distance (96.4%) and accessible (94.5%) to the beneficiaries, had adequate trained staff reporting in time (88.5-90.4%), displayed IEC material (89.1%), marked the tally sheets in a correct manner (86.5%) and were administering polio vaccine within acceptable norms. Correct knowledge regarding vaccine vial monitor (VVM) was present among workers of 82.7% booths. The marking of children was not being done correctly in 38.2% booths. Efforts to disseminate key messages of next date of NID and routine immunization schedule, information about the disease and it's impact on life and removal of misconceptions regarding polio was observed to be poor (28.9-48.1%). During house-to-house visits coverage was found to be excellent barring a few isolated cases of unimmunized children due to various reasons. The finding of the study implies increased focus on training of the workers manning these booths, especially on dissemination of key messages and information about early symptoms and signs of polio, removal of misconceptions, correct marking of the children and houses and countering resistance to immunization.