RESUMEN
We aimed to provide realistic three-dimensional (3D) models to be used in numerical simulations of peristaltic flow in patients exhibiting difficulty in swallowing, also known as dysphagia. To this end, a 3D model of the upper gastrointestinal tract was built from the color cryosection images of the Visible Human Project dataset. Regional color heterogeneities were corrected by centering local histograms of the image difference between slices. A voxel-based model was generated by stacking contours from the color images. A triangle mesh was built, smoothed and simplified. Visualization tools were developed for browsing the model at different stages and for virtual endoscopy navigation. As result, a computer model of the esophagus and the stomach was obtained, mainly for modeling swallowing disorders. A central-axis curve was also obtained for virtual navigation and to replicate conditions relevant to swallowing disorders modeling. We show renderings of the model and discuss its use for simulating swallowing as a function of bolus rheological properties. The information obtained from simulation studies with our model could be useful for physicians in selecting the correct nutritional emulsions for patients with dysphagia.
Asunto(s)
Simulación por Computador , Deglución/fisiología , Imagenología Tridimensional , Modelos Teóricos , Tracto Gastrointestinal Superior/anatomía & histología , Endoscopía , Esófago/anatomía & histología , HumanosRESUMEN
Realistic behavior in Computer Simulation of biological system (e.g. humans organs) is essential to 3D modeling in medicine. In order to improve realistic responses of 3D organ model it is essential to use mechanical models that can deal with multiple objects internal and external interactions in a reasonable time frame. We will apply the Smooth Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) to model the esophagus and the stomach, thus constructing a physical background for interaction. We used a multilayer model of particles related to a single triangle mesh. Each particle layers represent distinct biological tissues of the esophagus and the stomach.
Asunto(s)
Esófago/anatomía & histología , Esófago/fisiología , Modelos Anatómicos , Modelos Biológicos , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Simulación por Computador , Módulo de Elasticidad , Humanos , ViscosidadRESUMEN
We present the first results of four projects of a second phase of a Mexican Project Computer Assisted Surgery and Medical Robotics, supported by the Mexican Science and Technology National Council (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología) under grant SALUD-2002-C01-8181. The projects are being developed by three universities (UNAM, UAM, ITESM) and the goal of this project is to integrate a laboratory in a Hospital of the ISSSTE to give service to surgeons or clinicians of Endoscopic surgeons, urologist, gastrointestinal endoscopist and neurosurgeons.