RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Despite recent advances in acute stroke care, reperfusion therapies are given to only 1%-8% of patients. Previous studies have focused on prehospital or decision delay. We aim to give a more comprehensive view by addressing different time delays and decisions. METHODS: A total of 382 patients with either acute stroke or transient ischemic attack were prospectively included. Sociodemographic and clinical parameters and data on decision delay, prehospital delay, and first medical contact were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors related to decision delay of 15 minutes or shorter, calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services, and prehospital delay of 60 minutes or shorter and 180 minutes or shorter. RESULTS: Prehospital delay was 60 minutes or shorter in 11.3% of our patients and 180 minutes or shorter in 48.7%. Major vascular risk factors were present in 89.8% of patients. Severity was associated with decision delay of 15 minutes or shorter (odds ratio [OR] 1.08; confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.13), calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services (OR 1.17; CI 1.12-1.23), and prehospital delay of 180 minutes or shorter (OR 1.08; CI 1.01-1.15). Adult children as witnesses favored a decision delay of 15 minutes or shorter (OR 3.44; CI 95% 1.88-6.27; P < .001) and calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services (OR 2.24; IC 95% 1.20-4.22; P = .012). Calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services favored prehospital delay of 60 minutes or shorter (OR 5.69; CI 95% 2.41-13.45; P < .001) and prehospital delay of 180 minutes or shorter (OR 3.86; CI 95% 1.47-10.11; P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: Severity and the bystander play a critical role in the response to stroke. Calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services promotes shorter delays. Future interventions should encourage immediately calling the Extrahospital Emergency Services, but the target should be redirected to those with known risk factors and their caregivers.

Asunto(s)

Concienciación , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Promoción de la Salud , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/complicaciones , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Tiempo de Tratamiento , Hijos Adultos/psicología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Femenino , Humanos , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/diagnóstico , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/fisiopatología , Ataque Isquémico Transitorio/terapia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Oportunidad Relativa , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Accidente Cerebrovascular/diagnóstico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/fisiopatología , Teléfono , Factores de Tiempo

RESUMEN

Este trabajo indaga en el nivel de desarrollo de la competencia mediática de los niños y niñas de segundo ciclo de infantil. Para ello se aplica un instrumento, diseñado ad hoc, en el marco de una investigación más amplia (todos los niveles educativos del estado español), que toma como referencia una serie de dimensiones para estimar el grado de competencia mediática. Los resultados muestran que es necesario avanzar en políticas educativas de integración de las habilidades y estrategias para esa alfabetización que resulta indispensable para una educación acorde con las necesidades de la sociedad.

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This work seeks to analyse the level of development of media competence from a broader perspective, including students belonging to the second cycle of childhood education. For this purpose, we have implemented an ad hoc tool in the framework of a broader study (all educational levels in Spain), using a series of references to determine the level of media competence. The results show that it is necessary to continue with educational policies of skill integration and with strategies for literacy, a necessary resource today for an education in accordance with the needs of society.

Asunto(s)

Alfabetización Informacional

RESUMEN

as pessoas com deficiência física ou mental têm direito a ser inseridas no mercado de trabalho para exercer seu papel como cidadãos ativos, independentes e com um nível de qualidade de vida adequado, o que constitui um autêntico desafio ao qual devemos responder. No caso deste estudo, nos limitamos ao tema deficiência intelectual. No que diz respeito ao âmbito educativo, os Programas de Qualificação Profissional Inicial (PCPI), na modalidade de Aula de Formação Específica, oferecem una formação adequada ao patamar de competências sociais, pessoais e laborais para este coletivo. Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados da aplicação de um Itinerário de Inserção Laboral, dentro do quadro de um projeto europeu, no qual participaram estudantes de três centros educativos da Finlândia, Espanha e Dinamarca, assim como as suas respetivas famílias. Para conhecer o grau de ajustamento ao trabalho destes jovens, estes responderam ao Work Adjustment Inventory-WAI (Inventário de Ajustamento ao Trabalho) e também entrevistamos as suas famílias. Os resultados permitiram saber que o itinerário de inserção laboral desenhado constitui uma oferta formativa adequada para os estudantes em questão, enfatizamos que o grau de adaptabilidade ao trabalho está relacionado com o nível de atividade, empatia, sociabilidade e assertividade de cada pessoa. As entrevistas possibilitaram a identificação do perfil das famílias destes estudantes e identificar as suas expectativas em relação ao futuro dos seus filhos e filhas. Entre as conclusões alcançadas, destacam-se as altas expectativas das famílias no que diz respeito à inserção dos seus filhos, assim como o alto nível de avaliação relativamente ao itinerário desenhado como estratégia fundamental para conseguir lograr uma formação integral e uma inserção sócio-laboral adequada.

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People with mental or physical disabilities have the right to join the labour market in order to be active, independent citizens with a sufficient standard of living, which is a challenge that must be met. In this paper we discuss the theme of intellectual disability. In terms of education, the Specialised Workshops included in Initial Professional Qualification Programmes (PCPI for its initials in Spanish) offer suitable training in social, personal and work skills for this group of people. The results of applying a Job Placement Itinerary within a European project framework, which involved students from three schools in Finland, Spain and Denmark as well as their families, are presented in this paper. To measure the degree of work adjustment these young people have responded to the Work Adjustment Inventory-WAI and their families were interviewed. The results have determined that the designed job placement itinerary constitutes a suitable training option for these students and emphasized that the degree of work adjustment is related to the individual’s level of activity, empathy, sociability and assertiveness. Through the interviews it was possible to identify the profile of these students’ families and their expectations about the future of their children. The final conclusions underscore the high expectations of families for the inclusion of their children, as well as the high value placed on the designed itinerary as a key strategy for more comprehensive training and suitable social and labour integration.