RESUMEN

No disponible

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Desarrollar un modelo predictivo de estancia prolongada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía cardíaca bajo circulación extracorpórea (CEC). Diseño. Estudio prospectivo observacional durante un período de tres años de una cohorte de pacientes postoperados de cirugía cardíaca bajo CEC. Ámbito. UCI médico-quirúrgica de 24 camas en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel. Pacientes y métodos. Fueron estudiados 483 pacientes. Se excluyeron aquellos casos menores de 18 años y también los intervenidos sin necesidad de bypass cardiopulmonar. Se seleccionaron variables predictoras de una estancia en UCI superior a 7 días. Con las variables identificadas como predictoras se construyó un modelo probabilístico mediante regresión logística múltiple. Intervenciones. Ninguna. Variables de interés principales. Para cada caso se consignaron sexo, edad, superficie corporal, cirugía cardíaca o vascular previas, días de estancia hospitalaria pre-UCI, valor de la escala de riesgo preoperatorio de Parsonnet, tipo de intervención, tiempos de clampaje, isquemia y CEC; duración de la intervención, uso de balón de contrapulsación intraaórtico (BCIA), valores al ingreso en UCI del índice cardíaco, presión venosa central (PVC), gasometría arterial; puntuaciones de gravedad APACHE II, APS de APACHE III y SAPS II en el día de ingreso; número de horas de intubación tras la intervención; número de días de estancia en UCI y mortalidad o supervivencia como resultado del ingreso. Como variable dependiente se fijó la presencia o ausencia de una estancia superior a 7 días en UCI. Resultados. Los pacientes fueron 299 hombres y 184 mujeres, con edad media de 64 años. Fueron seleccionadas como predictoras las siguientes variables (odds ratio [OR]: IC 95%): sexo masculino (0,585; 0,371-0,923), edad en años (1,028; 1,006-1,051), necesidad de BCIA (4,214; 1,631-10,89), valor de la PVC en mmHg (1,149; 1,077-1,225), presencia de pH inferior a 7,30 (2,420; 1,263-4,635), IC ≤ 2,2 (1,846; 1,138-2,994) y duración de la intubación endotraqueal > 12 horas (2,439; 1,507-3,946). Las pruebas de calibración y discriminación del modelo mostraron un valor 7,62 (8 grados de libertad; p = 0,47) para el Chi cuadrado de Hosmer Lemeshow y un valor del área bajo la curva ROC de 0,760 (IC 95%: 0,713-0,807). Conclusiones. Algunas variables postoperatorias elementales tras cirugía cardíaca con circulación extracorpórea permiten estimar la probabilidad de estancia en UCI > 7 días. El análisis de resultados mediante modelos predictivos puede suponer una mejora en la evaluación de los cuidados intensivos perioperatorios de cirugía cardíaca

Objective. To develop a predictive model for prolonged hospital stay in an intensive care unit (ICU) for patients after open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Design. Observational prospective study over 3 years on a cohort of patients after open-heart surgery with CPB. Context. Medical-surgical ICU with 24 beds in a third level university hospital. Patients and methods. 483 patients were studied. Patients below 18 years of age and patients without CPB were excluded. Predictive variables for a hospital stay in ICU higher than 7 days were selected. A probabilistic model was built through multiple logistic regression using the variables identified as predictors. Interventions. None. Primary endpoints. Variables identified in every patient were sex, age, body surface area, history of cardiac or vascular surgery, hospital stay (days) before ICU, Parsonnet preoperative risk scale score, type of intervention, clamping time, ischemia and CPB; lenght of the intervention, use of intraaortic counterpulsation balloon (IACB), cardiac index at ICU admission, central venous pressure, arterial gasometry; APACHE II, APACHE III PHC, and SAPS II severity scores at ICU admission; hours of intubation after the intervention; days of stay in ICU, and mortality or survival as a result of admission in ICU. Presence or absence of an ICU stay higher than 7 days was adopted as dependent variable. Results. Patients were 299 men and 184 women with a mean age of 64 years. The following variables (odds ratio; CI 95%) were selected as predictors: male (0.585; 0.371-0.923), age (in years) (1.028; 1.006-1.051), need of IACB (4.214; 1.631-10.89), PVC in mmHg (1.149; 1.077-1.225), pH lower than 7.30 (2.420; 1.263-4.635), CI ≤ 2.2 (1.846; 1.138-2.994), and endotracheal intubación > 12 hours (2.439; 1.507-3.946). Calibration and discrimination tests of the model showed p = 0.47 for Hosmer Lemeshow chi-square, and the area under receiver operating characteristics curve was 0,760 (CI 95%: 0.713-0.807). Conclusions. Some basic postoperative variables after open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass make possible estimate the probability of a stay in ICU > 7 days. The analysis of results through predictive models can imply an improvement in the evaluation of the open-heart surgery perioperative intensive care

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We report two cases of isolated abdominal wall actinomycosis and review 18 previously reported cases to further characterize the clinical findings and the therapeutic management of this syndrome. This diagnosis would be advocated in patients with a palpable abdominal mass of subacute appearance with a previous history of digestive medical illness, diabetes, abdominal surgery, or prolonged IUD use. In contrast with other actinomycosis locations, remarkable data were a more elevated mean age of patients; a female predominance; a prevalent location of mass in abdominal lower left quadrant; and a shorter duration of symptomatology before to diagnosis. The CT is the first choice for imaging study and percutaneous needle aspiration would be recommended for definite diagnosis. The long-term antibiotic therapy, with or without percutaneous drainage, is the first treatment choice because is very effective and made unnecessary a more invasive surgical management. The prognosis is excellent with adequated treatment.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Presentamos dos casos de actinomicosis aislada de la pared abdominal y revisamos 18 casos publicados previamente para describir las características clínicas y el manejo terapéutico de este síndrome. Su diagnóstico debe plantearse en pacientes con una masa abdominal palpable, de aparición subaguda, con una historia previa de enfermedad digestiva, diabetes, cirugía abdominal o uso prolongado de DIU. Contrastan con otras formas de actinomicosis, la edad media más alta de los pacientes, el predominio del sexo femenino, la localización prevalente de la lesión en el cuadrante inferior izquierdo del abdomen y la menor duración de la sintomatología previa al diagnóstico. La TAC es la técnica de imagen de primera elección y se debe recomendar la aspiración percutánea con aguja para un diagnóstico definitivo. La administración prolongada de antibióticos, con o sin drenaje percutáneo, es el tratamiento de elección ya que es muy efectivo y hace innecesario el manejo quirúrgico más agresivo.El pronóstico es excelente con un tratamiento adecuado. (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The aim of this work was to determine bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to study alterations in bone remodeling in these patients. Eighteen patients (16 males and two females) with AS, mean age 44.7, range 21-75, and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were studied. BMD was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The following biochemical markers of bone remodeling were studied: formation - serum amino and carboxyterminal propeptides of procollagen I (PINP and PICP); resorption - urinary total and free deoxypyridinoline and pyridinoline (TDpyr, FDpyr, TPyr and FPyr), crosslinked aminoterminal telopeptides of collagen I (NTX), carboxyterminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTX) and serum bone sialoprotein (BSP). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of markers were also performed. We found a decrease of bone mass and an increase in TPyr, FPyr, TDpyr, FDpyr, NTX and BSP in AS, but no significant differences were found in PICP, PINP and CTX. FDpyr, FPyr and TPyr showed the highest discrimination between patients and controls according to the results of the ROC curves. TPyr/TDpyr was higher in AS than in controls. We found osteopenia, with a normal formation and a significant increase in bone resorption in AS. FDpyr, FPyr and TPyr seem to present the best sensitivity for the study of alterations of bone resorption in this pathology, although NTX, TDpyr and BSP also show significant differences. The elevation in the ratio TPyr/TDpyr in AS compared to controls indicates that in AS there is a type I-collagen degradation in tissues different from bone.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We describe a patient with previous venous thrombosis while using oral contraceptives and recurrent pregnancy loss, who presented with massive hepatic infarction in the last trimester of the fourth gestation. Thrombocytopenia, the lupus anticoagulant (LA) and the anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) were detected and a diagnosis of a 'primary' antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was made. The clinical and histological manifestations and the differential diagnosis, especially with DIC and pre-eclampsia, are discussed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The precise location of the rhaT gene, encoding rhamnose permease, has been established between sodA and rhaC at 3605-3607 kb of Kohara's physical map, which corresponds to 88.4 min on the Escherichia coli chromosomal map. The dependence of the activity of the rhaT product on the function of rhaC, the rhamnose operon regulatory gene, was established by measuring rhamnose transport in wild-type and rhaC-deficient strains. The sequence of the sodA-rhaC interval displayed a single ORF corresponding to rhaT, which is transcribed counterclockwise on the E. coli chromosome. The ORF was shown to be preceded by a ribosome binding consensus sequence and a catabolite repression protein consensus sequence. The derived amino acid sequence displayed very low homology with any other permease and was clearly dissimilar to the homologous group formed by the xylose, arabinose, galactose and several glucose transporters. Analysis of the rhaT primary sequence identified potential membrane-spanning regions, possibly defining a protein structure model different from the one corresponding to the above-mentioned homologous group.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Q fever is more common in our country than is usually thought, as shown by the diagnostic incidence curve, which approached an exponential rather than lineal function. Sixty cases were diagnosed between 1985 and October 1989. The disease predominated in middle aged males. The suspect epidemiologic contacts did not have any significance. Q fever was more frequent during autumn. Its usual clinical presentation was pneumonia (75%), commonly associated with a flu-like syndrome. Liver was commonly involved (66.6%), although in a mild degree. One of the patients had chronic Q fever, with granulomatous and hepatic, but not endocardial, involvement. The diagnosis was based on seroconversion detected by indirect immunofluorescence. As a rule, the course of the disease was favorable independently from therapy.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)