RESUMEN
The therapeutic potential of medicinal plants is known as an alternative in treatment of human affections; in effect, the conventional application of these medicinal sources has several limitations like low bioavailability, solubility and stability, which affect its pharmacological efficacy. In recent decades, extraordinary advances have been made in new drug delivery systems using nanocarriers. This work consisted in determining the in vitro antifungal activity of the methanolic extract of Euphorbia tirucalli formulated in polymeric nanoparticles. The antifungal activity was determined by the microdilution method in 96-well microplates, applying nanoparticles loaded with plant extract (NP-Ext) obtained by nanoprecipitation on clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and T. interdigitalis. Regarding the nanoparticles, the lots used did not present significant differences in their physicochemical characteristics, with a size of 91.885 ± 1.621nm, polydispersity index of 0.152 ± 0.025 and Z-potential of -6.047 ± 0.987. The quantification of the extract in the polymeric matrix was determined by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), where an efficiency and encapsulation percentage of 22.15 ± 0.82 and 2.95 ± 0.11, respectively, were obtained. The in vitro antifungal activity of the crude and formulated extract was obtained calculating the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each one; a MIC of 125 µg/mL was obtained against T. rubrum and T. interdigitalis with the crude extract, while a MIC value of 55.55 and 0.1 µg/mL was obtained with NP-Ext, respectively, against these same. Conclusions: biological activity is closely linked to the phytochemical profile of the extract; while the improvement of said potential with the NP-Ext with the dosage form was directly related to the physicochemical characteristics of the nanocarrier.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos , Euphorbia , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Nanopartículas , Extractos Vegetales , Euphorbia/química , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Nanopartículas/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Trichophyton/efectos de los fármacos , Polímeros/farmacología , Polímeros/química , ArthrodermataceaeRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine with pleiotropic effects which has been related to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) due to its particular effect of protecting the retinal ganglion cells (RGc) from the apoptosis. Different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been associated with POAG. The aim of this study was to determine whether an association between IL-6 rs1800795 (-174 G>C) SNP and a higher risk for POAG is present in western Mexican population. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-five unrelated Mexican mestizo patients with POAG and 108 control subjects were included. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes and purified, followed by genotyping and amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Taqman Biosystem probes. Allelic and genotypic diversity was evaluated between cases and control subjects. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant association between allele and genotype frequencies, neither with dominant nor recessive genetic association models (pâ¯>â¯0.05). CONCLUSION: Even though there is a role of IL6 in the pathophysiology of POAG, our results ruled out the association between IL-6 and the rs1800795 SNP showing not to be an index of higher risk for POAG in Mexican population.