RESUMEN
Sugarcane borers are economically damaging insects with species that vary in distribution patterns both geographically and temporally, and vary based on ecological niche. Currently, identification of sugarcane borers is mostly based on morphological characters. However, morphological identification requires taxonomic expertise. An alternative method to identify sugarcane borers is the use of molecular data. DNA barcoding based on partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) sequences has proven to be a useful tool for rapid and accurate species determination in many insect taxa. This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of DNA barcodes to discriminate among sugarcane borer species in China. Partial sequences of the COI gene (709 bp) were obtained from six species collected from different geographic areas. Results showed that the pairwise intraspecies genetic distance was < 0.02, whereas the interspecies genetic distance ranged from 0.117 to 0.182. Results from a neighbor-joining tree showed that the six sugarcane borer species were certainly separated. These results suggested that the partial COI sequences had high barcoding resolution in discriminating among sugarcane borer species. Our study emphasized the use of DNA barcodes for identification of the analyzed sugarcane borer species and represents an important step for building a comprehensive barcode library for sugarcane borers in China.
Asunto(s)
Código de Barras del ADN Taxonómico , Lepidópteros/clasificación , Filogenia , Saccharum , Animales , China , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , HerbivoriaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The expression of miR-489 is linked to tumor development and progression; nevertheless, its role in tumor growth and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used quantitative RT-PCR to measure the expression of mature miR-489 in human colorectal tissues and the corresponding CRCs. Targets of miR-489 were predicted with TargetScan and substantiated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, we did in vitro and in vivo analysis with expression vectors and small interfering RNAs, to elucidate the precise role of miR-489 and its target gene histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) on cell proliferation, survival, and invasion. RESULTS: Compared to the corresponding non-tumor tissues, miR-489 was frequently downregulated in CRC. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found that lower CRC recurrence free survival years in the group with elevated miR-489 expression than those with lower miR-489 expression. In addition, we examined that miR-489 obviously inhibited the migratory and invasive capability in CRC. In further study, we found that miR-489 targets the 3'-UTR of the HDAC7 transcript and downregulates its expression, and HDAC7 expression promoted tumor cell proliferation and invasion. We demonstrated that miR-489 suppresses tumor invasion and metastasis in CRC by targeting HDAC7. CONCLUSIONS: We identified that MiR-489 suppresses tumor growth and invasion in CRC by targeting HDAC7. The expression of miR-489 suggests CRC recurrence and metastasis, which shed crucial light on how miR-489 functions in CRC pathogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Histona Desacetilasas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , MicroARNs/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Animales , Apoptosis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Movimiento Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Histona Desacetilasas/genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Tasa de Supervivencia , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Biological effects of low-dose radiation (LDR) are distinguishable from those of high-dose radiation. Adaptive response is an important biological effect following low-dose radiation. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potency which results in relapse and metastasis of cancer. In this study, we aimed to examine whether adaptive response could be induced in CSCs by LDR. METHODS: Parental cells of three colon cancer cell lines (HRT18, HT29, and HCT116) and CSCs of these three cell lines were irradiated with LDR (i.e., D1) and then high-dose radiation (HDR) of X-rays (i.e., D1 + D2) or only HDR (D2 alone), followed by examination of adaptive response. RESULTS: Adaptive response was not observed either in the three tumor parental cells lines or in three CSCs lines following LDR, due to the lack of resistance to subsequent D2-induced cell growth inhibition. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that LDR may not induce adaptive response in colon cancer cells or colon CSCs under in vitro conditions. Our study provided experimental and clinical foundations for the application of LDR in the treatment of colon cancers.
Asunto(s)
Supervivencia Celular/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Tolerancia a Radiación , Neoplasias del Colon/radioterapia , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Humanos , Células Madre Neoplásicas/efectos de la radiación , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , Rayos XRESUMEN
To preliminarily clarify the mechanism of cardiac microvascular endothelial barrier function leading to heart failure, primary HMVEC-D cells were selected and cultured for amplification. The cells were infected with adenovirus vector containing the ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) Q67L gene. Full-length and functional fragments of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 and ARF nucleotide-binding site opener genes were established and transfected into HEK293T cells. GTP-Arf6 pull-down experiment, fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR, immuno-coprecipitation, and transendothelial electrical resistance analysis were conducted. Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) induced increase in vascular permeability, whereas inhibitor SC514 blocked IL-1ß-induced transfer of nuclear factor-κB into the nucleus, from the cytoplasm. Increase in amount of activated Arf6 promoted reduction in transendothelial electrical resistance. In addition, SecinH3 significantly inhibited increase in vascular permeability, and the progression of heart failure was significantly relieved. Cardiac microvascular endothelial barrier function can lead to heart failure. However, IL-1ß induced increase in vascular permeability, which nullified the function of cardiac microvascular endothelial barrier. These findings are closely related to the activation of the Arf6-VE-cadherin signaling pathway.
Asunto(s)
Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Microvasos/citología , Miocardio/citología , Factor 6 de Ribosilación del ADP , Factores de Ribosilacion-ADP/metabolismo , Permeabilidad Capilar/efectos de los fármacos , Permeabilidad de la Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Endoteliales/efectos de los fármacos , Células HEK293 , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/metabolismo , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between zinc and the growth and development of young children. The parents of 8102 young children were surveyed in person by a trained surveyor using structured questionnaires. The hair zinc concentration of the children was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The height, weight, sitting height, and head circumference of the children were measured at follow-up visits. There was a positive correlation between hair zinc concentration and adaptive developmental quotient (ADQ; r = 0.3164, P = 0.0272) while no correlation was found between hair zinc concentration and body measurement Z scores or intelligence quotient (IQ). There was a strong positive correlation between hair zinc concentration and weight-for-age Z scores (r = 0.3618, P = 0.0416) and ADQ (r = 0.2761, P = 0.0387) in boys; there was no correlation between hair zinc concentration and body measurement Z scores, IQ, and ADQ in girls. In boys with normal hair zinc levels, ADQ was 9.58 (P = 0.0392), higher than in boys who had zinc-deficient hair. In girls with normal hair zinc levels, ADQ was 2.52 (P = 0.0296), lower than in girls with zinc-deficient hair. In conclusion, there is no significant correlation between hair zinc levels and IQ or Z scores for all body measurements in young children.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil , Vigilancia de la Población , Zinc , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Niño , Preescolar , China , Femenino , Cabello/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Zinc/metabolismoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytokine genes in the susceptibility to Candida infection. A total of 275 consecutive patients diagnosed with Candida infection were selected between May 2010 and May 2011, along with 305 uninfected controls. Genotyping of the IL-1ß gene polymorphisms (IL1ß) rs1143634, IL1ßrs16944, IL8 rs4073, IL10 rs1800872, and IL10 rs1800896 was carried out using a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Patients with invasive Candida infections were more likely to have had an immunocompromised state, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, solid organ transplant, solid tumor, chemotherapy within the past three months, neutropenia, surgery within the past 30 days, acute renal failure, liver failure, and/or median baseline serum creatinine. Conditional logistic regression analyses found that individuals with the rs1800896 GG genotype were associated with a higher risk of invasive Candida infections than those carrying the AA genotype (odds ratio = 0.61, 95% confidence interval = 0.37-0.94). From the results of this case-control study, we suggest that the cytokine IL-10 gene rs1800896 polymorphism might play a role in the etiology of invasive Candida infections.
Asunto(s)
Candidiasis Invasiva/inmunología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Interleucina-10/inmunología , Interleucina-1beta/inmunología , Interleucina-8/inmunología , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Lesión Renal Aguda/genética , Lesión Renal Aguda/inmunología , Lesión Renal Aguda/microbiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Alelos , Candida/inmunología , Candida/patogenicidad , Candidiasis Invasiva/genética , Candidiasis Invasiva/microbiología , Candidiasis Invasiva/cirugía , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-8/genética , Fallo Hepático/genética , Fallo Hepático/inmunología , Fallo Hepático/microbiología , Fallo Hepático/cirugía , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/inmunología , Neoplasias/microbiología , Neoplasias/cirugíaRESUMEN
Overexpression of cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) contributes to multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of CIAPIN1 gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) as a treatment for drug-resistant breast cancer and to investigate the effect of CIAPIN1 on the drug resistance of breast cancer in vivo. We used lentivirus-vector-based RNAi to knock down CIAPIN1 in nude mice bearing MDR breast cancer tumors and found that lentivirus-vector-mediated silencing of CIAPIN1 could efficiently and significantly inhibit tumor growth when combined with chemotherapy in vivo. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that both CIAPIN1 and P-glycoprotein expression were efficiently downregulated, and P53 was upregulated, after RNAi. Therefore, we concluded that lentivirus-vector-mediated RNAi targeting of CIAPIN1 is a potential approach to reverse MDR of breast cancer. In addition, CIAPIN1 may participate in MDR of breast cancer by regulating P-glycoprotein and P53 expression.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Silenciador del Gen , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/genética , Western Blotting , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Carcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma/genética , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Genes MDR , Vectores Genéticos/genética , Inhibidores de Crecimiento/genética , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/metabolismo , Lentivirus/genética , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Miembro 1 de la Subfamilia B de Casetes de Unión a ATP/efectos de los fármacos , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , /efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Overexpression of cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) contributes to multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of CIAPIN1 gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) as a treatment for drug-resistant breast cancer and to investigate the effect of CIAPIN1 on the drug resistance of breast cancer in vivo. We used lentivirus-vector-based RNAi to knock down CIAPIN1 in nude mice bearing MDR breast cancer tumors and found that lentivirus-vector-mediated silencing of CIAPIN1 could efficiently and significantly inhibit tumor growth when combined with chemotherapy in vivo. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that both CIAPIN1 and P-glycoprotein expression were efficiently downregulated, and P53 was upregulated, after RNAi. Therefore, we concluded that lentivirus-vector-mediated RNAi targeting of CIAPIN1 is a potential approach to reverse MDR of breast cancer. In addition, CIAPIN1 may participate in MDR of breast cancer by regulating P-glycoprotein and P53 expression.
Asunto(s)
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Silenciador del Gen , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/genética , Miembro 1 de la Subfamilia B de Casetes de Unión a ATP/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Western Blotting , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Carcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma/genética , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Genes MDR , Vectores Genéticos/genética , Inhibidores de Crecimiento/genética , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/metabolismo , Lentivirus/genética , Células MCF-7 , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Microarray technology is becoming a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis, as it has potential to discover gene expression patterns that are characteristic for a particular disease. To date, this possibility has received much attention in the context of cancer research, especially in tumor classification. However, most published articles have concentrated on the development of binary classification methods while neglected ubiquitous multiclass problems. Unfortunately, only a few multiclass classification approaches have had poor predictive accuracy. In an effort to improve classification accuracy, we developed a novel multiclass microarray data classification method. First, we applied a "one versus rest-support vector machine" to classify the samples. Then the classification confidence of each testing sample was evaluated according to its distribution in feature space and some with poor confidence were extracted. Next, a novel strategy, which we named as "class priority estimation method based on centroid distance", was used to make decisions about categories for those poor confidence samples. This approach was tested on seven benchmark multiclass microarray datasets, with encouraging results, demonstrating effectiveness and feasibility.
Asunto(s)
Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos/métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Máquina de Vectores de SoporteRESUMEN
The complete coding sequences of three sheep genes- BCKDHA, NAGA and HEXA were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), based on the conserved sequence information of the mouse or other mammals. The nucleotide sequences of these three genes revealed that the sheep BCKDHA gene encodes a protein of 313 amino acids which has high homology with the BCKDHA gene that encodes a protein of 447 amino acids that has high homology with the Branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase El, alpha polypeptide (BCKDHA) of five species chimpanzee (93%), human (96%), crab-eating macaque (93%), bovine (98%) and mouse (91%). The sheep NAGA gene encodes a protein of 411 amino acids that has high homology with the alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) of five species human (85%), bovine (94%), mouse (91%), rat (83%) and chicken (74%). The sheep HEXA gene encodes a protein of 529 amino acids that has high homology with the hexosaminidase A(HEXA) of five species bovine (98%), human (84%), Bornean orangután (84%), rat (80%) and mouse (81%). Finally these three novel sheep genes were assigned to GenelDs: 100145857, 100145858 and 100145856. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the sheep BCKDHA, NAGA, and HEXA all have closer genetic relationships to the BCKDHA, NAGA, and HEXA of bovine. Tissue expression profile analysis was also carried out and results revealed that sheep BCKDHA, NAGA and HEXA genes were differentially expressed in tissues including muscle, heart, liver, fat, kidney, lung, small and large intestine. Our experiment is the first to establish the primary foundation for further research on these three sheep genes.
Asunto(s)
3-Metil-2-Oxobutanoato Deshidrogenasa (Lipoamida)/genética , Clonación Molecular , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Hexosaminidasa A/genética , Ovinos/genética , alfa-N-Acetilgalactosaminidasa/genética , 3-Metil-2-Oxobutanoato Deshidrogenasa (Lipoamida)/metabolismo , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Bovinos , Pollos , Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Hexosaminidasa A/metabolismo , Humanos , Macaca fascicularis , Ratones , Pan troglodytes , Filogenia , Ratas , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN , Distribución Tisular , alfa-N-Acetilgalactosaminidasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
The complete coding sequences of three sheep genes- BCKDHA, NAGA and HEXA were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), based on the conserved sequence information of the mouse or other mammals. The nucleotide sequences of these three genes revealed that the sheep BCKDHA gene encodes a protein of 313 amino acids which has high homology with the BCKDHA gene that encodes a protein of 447 amino acids that has high homology with the Branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase El, alpha polypeptide (BCKDHA) of five species chimpanzee (93 percent), human (96 percent), crab-eating macaque (93 percent), bovine (98 percent) and mouse (91 percent). The sheep NAGA gene encodes a protein of 411 amino acids that has high homology with the alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) of five species human (85 percent), bovine (94 percent), mouse (91 percent), rat (83 percent) and chicken (74 percent). The sheep HEXA gene encodes a protein of 529 amino acids that has high homology with the hexosaminidase A(HEXA) of five species bovine (98 percent), human (84 percent), Bornean orangután (84 percent), rat (80 percent) and mouse (81 percent). Finally these three novel sheep genes were assigned to GenelDs: 100145857, 100145858 and 100145856. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the sheep BCKDHA, NAGA, and HEXA all have closer genetic relationships to the BCKDHA, NAGA, and HEXA of bovine. Tissue expression profile analysis was also carried out and results revealed that sheep BCKDHA, NAGA and HEXA genes were differentially expressed in tissues including muscle, heart, liver, fat, kidney, lung, small and large intestine. Our experiment is the first to establish the primary foundation for further research on these three sheep genes.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Humanos , Ratones , Ratas , /genética , Clonación Molecular , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Hexosaminidasa A/genética , Ovinos/genética , alfa-N-Acetilgalactosaminidasa/genética , /metabolismo , Secuencia de Bases , Pollos , Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Hexosaminidasa A/metabolismo , Macaca fascicularis , Pan troglodytes , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN , Distribución Tisular , alfa-N-Acetilgalactosaminidasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
The Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSI 'D') was developed as a screening instrument for dementia for use in cross-cultural studies. It consists of two components, a cognitive test for non-literate and literate populations and an informant interview regarding performance in everyday living. The development of the CSI 'D', involving harmonization, translation, back translation and pilot testing, for use in five sites is described. The results demonstrate the adaptability and utility of the CSI 'D' in populations from very different socioeconomic backgrounds. The inclusion of informant data adds significantly to the performance of the CSI 'D' as a dementia screen. The combination of informant and cognitive scores in a discriminant score produces better sensitivity and specificity for dementia than cognitive scores alone. The informant score has a significant independent effect in predicting dementia.