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OBJECTIVES: The Iliac Sandwich is an off-label technique that uses parallel stent grafts to treat aortoiliac aneurysms. The purpose of this experimental study is to evaluate the conformability and juxtaposition of stent grafts combinations used in this technique through in-vitro mechanical evaluation, computed tomography (CT) analyses, and a controlled pulsatile flow system. METHODS: The combinations of two Viabahn® ("V-V") or Viabahn® and Excluder® iliac extension ("V-E") were analysed using CT imaging with measurement of the gutter area by two independent analysts before and after balloon angioplasty. In a second phase, the parallel stent combinations were also evaluated using CT imaging after being implanted in the aortic aneurysm model with a pulsatile flow system with controlled temperature, viscosity, and density. RESULTS: The "V-E" group had a better conformability when compared to the "V-V" group, ensuring smaller gutter areas (0.0064 cm2 ± 0.01 vs. 0.0228 cm2 ± 0.03, p < 0.001). Post dilatation with two non-compliant balloons resulted in enlargement of the gutter area (Area A, p 0.065; Area B, p 0.071). Conversely, post dilatation with a non-compliant balloon for the internal iliac component and a compliant balloon for the external iliac device reduced the gutter area (Area A, p 0.008; Area B, p 0.010). CONCLUSION: The combination of Viabahn® and Excluder® iliac extension device ("V-E") had a smaller gutter area compared to two Viabahn® parallel stents for the Iliac Sandwich Technique. Post dilatation using a non-compliant balloon for the internal iliac device and a compliant balloon for the external iliac provided superior conformability and juxtaposition.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Aneurisma Ilíaco , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Aortografía/métodos , Prótesis Vascular , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/métodos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Humanos , Aneurisma Ilíaco/cirugía , Diseño de Prótesis , Stents , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are several ways to treat varicose veins of the lower limbs, among which use of 1470nm diode lasers stands out. This technique can be used to treat patients in outpatient settings, with early return to work, good esthetic results, and low rates of complications. However, variables such as the laser wavelength, the power administered in each area, the type of fiber, and the linear intravenous energy density (LEED) are still extensively discussed. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the results of superficial venous insufficiency treatment with a 1470nm diode laser. METHODS: Retrospective study conducted at a private clinic in a private hospital in Florianopolis, based on a database collected prospectively. The sample comprised 287 patients who underwent surgery to treat superficial venous insufficiency with 1470nm diode laser, from January 2016 to December 2018, totaling 358 great saphenous veins (GSVs) and 84 small saphenous veins (SSVs) treated. RESULTS: The total occlusion rates after 12 months of surgery were 94.4% in the GSVs, with an average LEED of 45.90 J/cm, and 96.4% in the SSVs, with an average LEED of 44.07 J/cm. CONCLUSIONS: During the follow-up period, the 1470nm diode laser proved to be a safe treatment, with great efficacy and low rates of complications (pain, edema, bruising, deep vein thrombosis, and endothermal heat-induced thrombosis - EHIT).
RESUMEN
Resumo Contexto Existem diversas formas de tratamento de varizes de membros inferiores. Entre elas, destaca-se o uso do laser diodo de 1.470 nm. Essa técnica proporciona aos pacientes uma cirurgia em regime ambulatorial, com retorno precoce à atividade ocupacional, bom resultado estético e baixo índice de complicações. No entanto, ainda se discute exaustivamente variáveis como comprimento de onda do laser, potência aplicada em cada área, tipo de fibra, necessidade ou não de tumescência e densidade de energia endovenosa linear. Objetivos Analisar os resultados do tratamento da insuficiência venosa superficial com laser diodo de 1.470 nm. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, realizado em uma clínica privada de um hospital privado em Florianópolis a partir de dados colhidos prospectivamente. As amostras eram de 287 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para tratamento da insuficiência venosa superficial com laser diodo de 1.470 nm, de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2018, totalizando 358 veias safenas magnas e 84 veias safenas parvas tratadas. Resultados A taxa de oclusão total após 12 meses de cirurgia foi de 94,4%, com densidade de energia endovenosa linear média de 45,90 J/cm nas veias safenas magnas e de 96,4% com densidade de energia endovenosa linear média de 44,07 J/cm nas veias safenas parvas. Conclusões No período acompanhado, o laser diodo de 1.470 nm mostrou-se um tratamento seguro, muito efetivo e com baixas taxas de complicações (dor, edema, equimose, trombose venosa profunda e trombose induzida pelo calor endovenoso).
Abstract Background There are several ways to treat varicose veins of the lower limbs, among which use of 1470nm diode lasers stands out. This technique can be used to treat patients in outpatient settings, with early return to work, good esthetic results, and low rates of complications. However, variables such as the laser wavelength, the power administered in each area, the type of fiber, and the linear intravenous energy density (LEED) are still extensively discussed. Objectives To analyze the results of superficial venous insufficiency treatment with a 1470nm diode laser. Methods Retrospective study conducted at a private clinic in a private hospital in Florianopolis, based on a database collected prospectively. The sample comprised 287 patients who underwent surgery to treat superficial venous insufficiency with 1470nm diode laser, from January 2016 to December 2018, totaling 358 great saphenous veins (GSVs) and 84 small saphenous veins (SSVs) treated. Results The total occlusion rates after 12 months of surgery were 94.4% in the GSVs, with an average LEED of 45.90 J/cm, and 96.4% in the SSVs, with an average LEED of 44.07 J/cm. Conclusions During the follow-up period, the 1470nm diode laser proved to be a safe treatment, with great efficacy and low rates of complications (pain, edema, bruising, deep vein thrombosis, and endothermal heat-induced thrombosis - EHIT).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Várices/cirugía , Insuficiencia Venosa/cirugía , Angioplastia por Láser/métodos , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Angioplastia por Láser/instrumentación , Terapia por Láser/instrumentación , Terapia por Láser/métodosRESUMEN
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is an important emergency that should be identified promptly. The classification of AAD follows two different systems: Stanford (which defines lesions as types A, on the ascending aorta, or B, on the descending aorta) and DeBakey, which also accounts for the extension of the aortic dissection. We present a notable case of a 63-year-old male who presented with a history of abrupt abdominal pain radiating to the dorsal region for endovascular treatment. He was oliguric with symmetric pulses in the superior limbs and reduction of pulses in the left lower limbs, with signs of hypoperfusion. Angiotomography evidenced acute abdominal thoracic aortic dissection classified as DeBakey III and Stanford B, extending through the left iliac artery. He was submitted to endovascular correction of the abdominal thoracic aortic dissection, with implantation of two straight Valiant type endoprosthesis (26x200 mm and 38x200 mm), positioned after the emergence of the left subclavian artery and right above the celiac trunk, respectively. There was also implantation of the stent graft Viabahn (5x60 mm) and Assurant stent (7x30 mm) in the left renal artery. After the urgent surgical intervention, the patient has recovered well. He has been checked in outpatient follow-ups for the past three years with preserved renal function (1.5 mg/dl creatinine) and correct positioning of the endoprosthesis (confirmed by CT without contrast). Hypertension and a smoking history are the most important risk factors associated with aortic dissections, and should be considered when evaluating a patient with chest or back pain (typically described as sharp rather than tearing or ripping) in the emergency department. The endovascular approach to descending dissections was introduced in 1999 and has been established as the standard approach to descending dissections of the aorta, because of the excess mortality of the open approach (32% in open surgery and 7% for those managed with endovascular techniques) and low rate of complications. Ten-year survival rates for patients with AAD ranging from 30% to 60% justifies an aggressive follow-up strategy of discharge, with the goal of minimizing aortic wall stress through drugs (such as ß blockers) and surveillance to detect progression. Our report shows that an early detection of symptoms coupled with an aggressive and precise endovascular intervention has produced satisfactory clinical, laboratorial and quality-of-life outcomes in an older patient with an extensive type B arterial dissection.
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O tromboembolismo venoso, que compreende a trombose venosa profunda e a embolia pulmonar, tem início com a formação de trombos no sistema venoso profundo, principalmente dos membros inferiores. Essa doença é uma importante causa de morbimortalidade na população, sendo seu tratamento precoce e adequado fundamental para evitar maiores consequências. Tradicionalmente, utiliza-se na sua terapêutica fármacos anticoagulantes, tais como as heparinas e os antagonistas de vitamina K. Nos últimos anos, novos anticoagulantes vêm sendo estudados com o objetivo de superar algumas limitações dessa terapia convencional. Esses novos anticoagulantes orais, tal como a rivaroxabana, inibem uma única enzima da cascata de coagulação, possuem ação, metabolização e eliminação estáveis, com poucas interações medicamentosas e alimentares e menos variações individuais, com isso podem ser administrados em doses fixas e sem a necessidade de monitorização laboratorial, fornecendo uma opção mais cômoda e com facilidade posológica. Sua eficácia, avaliada através de grandes estudos controlados, é semelhante ao esquema convencional, com a vantagem de possuir menor incidência de sangramento. Contudo, esses medicamentos ainda não possuem antídotos específicos em caso de sangramentos mais graves durante seu uso. Mais estudos a longo prazo são necessários para verificar seus efeitos e sua real aplicabilidade. O objetivo desse artigo foi realizar uma revisão dos novos anticoagulantes orais, com ênfase na rivaroxabana, baseada nos estudos mais recentes sobre o assunto. Algumas bases de dados foram consultadas em busca de artigos nacionais e internacionais, além da melhor evidência científica possível.
The venous thromboembolism, which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, begins with the development of thrombus in the deep venous system, mainly at the legs. This disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the population and an early and correct treatment is crucial to avoid its complications. Traditionally, anticoagulants are used to treat this condition, such as heparins and vitamin K antagonists. In the last few years, new oral anticoagulants have been studied to overcome the limitations of this conventional therapy. The new anticoagulants, such as rivaroxaban, inhibit one enzyme in the coagulation cascade. They have stable action, metabolization and elimination, with few interactions with other medications or foods and less variation between patients. Therefore, these anticoagulants can be used at fixed-dose regimen, without the need for laboratorial monitoring, providing an easier option in the treatment of the venous thromboembolism. These drugs are as effective as the conventional therapy, with the advantage of having lower incidence of haemorrhagic events, according to large clinical trials. However, there is not a specific antidote if a major bleeding happens. More researches are needed to verify your effects and real applicability. The goal of this paper was to make a review about the new anticoagulants, mainly rivaroxaban, based in the recent studies about this subject. National and international papers and the best cientific evidence have been searched in some data bases.
RESUMEN
A rivaroxabana é um anticoagulante oral, utilizado em dose fixa diária, sem necessidade de monitorização laboratorial, que já se mostrou eficaz e seguro no tratamento do tromboembolismo venoso como monoterapia. O objetivo desse trabalho foi acompanhar a evolução e o possível surgimento de efeitos colaterais em pacientes com trombose venosa profunda aguda em uso da rivaroxabana como monoterapia. Os pacientes incluídos no estudo utilizaram rivaroxabana durante 6 meses, sendo acompanhados através de avaliação clínica, eco-Doppler, exames laboratoriais e raio X de tórax. A análise estatística foi realizada através do teste exato de Fisher. Entre junho de 2012 e maio de 2015, 23 pacientes foram incluídos neste estudo, sendo 60,86% do sexo feminino e 39,13% do sexo masculino. Cirurgia recente foi o principal fator predisponente observado, seguido de imobilização. Em 56,52% dos casos a TVP se localizava na veia poplítea e/ou nas veias da perna, denominado grupo 1, e em 39,13% no território ilíaco-femoral, denominado de grupo 2. Dois pacientes apresentaram eventos tromboembólicos durante o período de observação. Os pacientes do grupo 1 obtiveram recanalização completa do segmento venoso acometido em 100% dos casos comparado com 33,33% naqueles do grupo 2 (p<0,05). Nenhum paciente foi a óbito ou desenvolveu eventos hemorrágicos durante o seguimento. Dor abdominal e queda na taxa de filtração glomerular foram os efeitos colaterais encontrados. Nesse trabalho, a rivaroxabana se mostrou efetiva e segura no tratamento da TVP aguda, sendo a localização da trombose um importante preditor da evolução do trombo.
Rivaroxaban is an oral anticoagulant, used in a fixed-dose regimen, without the need for laboratorial monitoring, which is effective and safe for the treatment of venous thromboembolism monotherapy. The goal of this study was to observe the evolution and the possible development of side effects in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis in use of rivaroxaban as monotherapy. Patients included in this study used rivaroxaban for 6 months, followed during the treatment by clinical evaluation, Doppler ultrasound, laboratory tests and chest X-ray . These patients were followed, by clinical evaluation, eco-Doppler, laboratorial testing and chest X-rays. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher 's exact test. Between june 2012 and may 2015, 23 patients were included in this study. 60,86% were women and 39,13% men. Recent surgery was the main risk factor observed, followed by immobilization. In 56,52% of the cases the DVT was located at the popliteal vein and/or leg veins, named group 1, and 39,13% were at iliofemoral territory, named group 2. Two patients had thromboembolic events during the follow-up. The group 1 patients achieved complete recanalization of the venous segment affected in 100 % of cases compared with 33.33 % in those in group 2 (p< 0,05). No patient died or developed bleeding events during follow-up. Abdominal pain and decrease of the glomerular filtration were adverse events observed. In this study, rivaroxaban was effective and safe in the treatment of acute DVT. DVT location was an important predictor of the thrombus evolution.
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short and mid-term safety and efficacy of the EPIC™ nitinol vascular stent system for the treatment of lesions located in the superficial femoral artery (SFA). METHODS: From October 2010 to June 2012, 83 subjects were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized study designed to demonstrate that the EPIC nitinol vascular stent system for SFA lesions is non-inferior to the published patency rates found in literature. Inclusion criteria were stenosis or occlusion of the SFA or SFA and proximal popliteal artery, with total length from 4 to 11 cm and amenable for treatment with a single stent, in patients with a score from 2 to 5 on Rutherford classification. The primary endpoint was primary patency rate at 12 months as determined by Duplex ultrasound. The secondary endpoints evaluated were: initial arteriographic success, primary patency rate at 6 months, major adverse event rate at one year and technical success. Follow-up with a complete clinical and physical exam, including ABI and Duplex ultrasound was performed at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Most patients (56.6%) were men and the mean age was 68.59 (33.1-99.15) years. 25.3% of the total population had intermittent claudication and 73.5% presented with critical limb ischemia. Most lesions were total occlusions (75.9%) and the mean lesion length was 71.16 mm. Contralateral femoral access was performed in 26.5%cases, and ipsilateral femoral approach was used for the remaining 73.5% patients. Technical and arteriographic success was obtained in all 83 (100.00%) patients. Duplex controlled primary patency rate at 6 and 12 months was 95.8% and 76.1%, respectively. The freedom from target lesion revascularization rate was 98.7% and 92.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. No stent fractures were observed in this study. Major adverse event rate at 1 year (clinically driven TLR, major amputation, and all-cause mortality) was 15.7%: two target lesion revascularizations (2.4%), one major amputation (1.2%) and ten deaths not related to the procedure (12%). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of the EPIC™ Nitinol Vascular Stent System for the treatment of SFA lesions.
Asunto(s)
Aleaciones , Procedimientos Endovasculares/instrumentación , Arteria Femoral , Enfermedad Arterial Periférica/terapia , Stents , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angiografía , Índice Tobillo Braquial , Brasil , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Femenino , Arteria Femoral/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Femoral/fisiopatología , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad Arterial Periférica/fisiopatología , Estudios Prospectivos , Diseño de Prótesis , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía Doppler Dúplex , Grado de Desobstrucción VascularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short and mid-term safety and efficacy of the EPIC nitinol vascular stent system for the treatment of lesions located in the superficial femoral artery (SFA).METHODS: From October 2010 to June 2012, 83 subjects were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized study designed to demonstrate that the EPIC nitinol vascular stent system for SFA lesions is non-inferior to the published patency rates found in literature. Inclusion criteria were stenosis or occlusion of the SFA or SFA and proximal popliteal artery, with total length from 4 to 11 cm and amenable for treatment with a single stent, in patients with a score from 2 to 5 on Rutherford classification. The primary endpoint was primary patency rate at 12 months as determined by Duplex ultrasound. The secondary endpoints evaluated were: initial arteriographic success, primary patency rate at 6 months, major adverse event rate at one year and technical success. Follow-up with a complete clinical and physical exam, including ABI and Duplex ultrasound was performed at 6 and 12 months.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Angiografía , Grado de Desobstrucción Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Endovasculares/instrumentación , StentsRESUMEN
Background Pulmonary embolism is an important cause of cardiovascular death. Inferior vena cava filters have been shown to be effective for prevention of this condition. Objectives To determine the safety, performance and efficacy of a new inferior vena cava filter in an ovine model. Methods BKone1 filters are self-centering with over-the-wire deployment, have three filtering regions and are made from nickel-titanium alloy. Eight of these filters were implanted in 8 sheep. The sheep were divided into 4 groups of two animals (A and B) and the number of clots injected differed by group. Two clots were injected in group 2, four in group 3, eight in group 4 and zero clots in group 1. A animals underwent euthanasia soon after the procedure and B animals were observed for 30 days and then euthanized after a control cavography. All inferior vena cavas were processed for histological examination. Clots were prepared in a metal mold, sectioned and then radiopaque markers were inserted. Clot capture was analyzed by identifying the radiopaque marker on fluoroscopy. Results No clot migration was observed during follow-up. Control cavographies showed patent inferior vena cavas. Pathological examination indicated little inflammatory tissue response. All clots were captured in the condition with 2 clots, only one clot was missed in the group injected with 4 clots and in the condition of 8 clots, they were partly captured. Conclusions The filters were deployed safely. There was a reduction in efficacy as the number of blood clots increased.
Contexto Embolia pulmonar é uma importante causa de morte cardiovascular. Filtros de veia cava inferior têm se mostrado efetivos na sua prevenção. Objetivos Determinar a segurança, o desempenho e a eficácia de um novo filtro de veia cava inferior em estudo experimental utilizando modelos ovinos. Métodos Filtros BKone1 são autocentrantes, over-the-wire (OTW), compostos por três regiões de filtragem e construídos em liga de níquel-titânio. Oito filtros foram implantados em oito ovelhas. As ovelhas foram divididas em quatro grupos, de acordo com o número de êmbolos injetados, com dois animais em cada grupo (A e B). Foram injetados dois êmbolos no grupo 2, quatro no grupo 3, oito no grupo 4 e nenhum êmbolo no grupo 1. Os animais denominados A foram submetidos a eutanásia logo após o procedimento e os animais B foram observados por 30 dias, sendo submetidos a eutanásia após a realização de uma cavografia de controle. Após a eutanásia, todos os animais foram submetidos a explante do segmento de veia cava inferior contendo o filtro para análise anatomopatológica. Os êmbolos foram preparados em molde metálico e seccionados, adicionando-se marcadores radiopacos. A retenção dos êmbolos foi constatada através da identificação da marca radiopaca na seção de captura do filtro, via fluoroscopia. Resultados Não foi observada migração do filtro após o período de 30 dias. As cavografias de controle mostraram perviedade das veias cava inferior. Os resultados dos exames anatomopatológicos indicaram pouca resposta inflamatória dos tecidos. Os êmbolos foram capturados totalmente na condição com dois êmbolos, apenas um êmbolo não foi capturado no grupo com quatro êmbolos e na condição de oito êmbolos, eles foram parcialmente capturados. Conclusões Os filtros foram entregues com segurança. Há uma queda na eficácia de captura com o aumento da quantidade de êmbolos.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Cobayas , Embolia Pulmonar/prevención & control , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Experimentación Animal , Filtros de Vena Cava/veterinariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Octopus technique is an off-label and off-the-shelf strategy used as an option in the management of some specific and selected cases of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA). We sought to compare 2 different methods of measurements on computed tomography (CT) slices and to evaluate the accommodation and conformability, before and after ballooning, of the components used in the Octopus technique. METHODS: The CT gutter analysis between the 3 stent grafts within the short docking limb of the Excluder(®) was made using Viabahns(®) of 8, 7, and 6 mm in diameter. Each of the 10 possible combinations underwent a CT established protocol. The best axial image of the docking limb was submitted for an evaluation by 2 independent analysts, using 2 different methods. We also performed a postballooning evaluation, and the same CT protocol was used. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the formats of measurement type "A" and type "B." Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the measurements made by the independent analysts. The tomography analyses demonstrated that the combination of stent grafts (Viabahn) of 8 and 7 mm diameter, inside the short docking limb of the bifurcated endoprosthesis, had the best possible relationship between the diameters used. These combinations showed better conformability and juxtaposition, with smaller areas of gutters and theoretically less possibility of endoleak. In addition, we found that postimplant balloon dilatation impaired the conformability and juxtaposition of the stent grafts (Viabahn) in the optimum combinations. CONCLUSIONS: In this analysis, we demonstrated a feasible, reliable, and reproducible form of CT measurement of the gutters in the Octopus technique for endovascular repair of TAAAs. Based on these measurements, there is a preferable combination of Viabahn sizes to be used in the Octopus technique and that postdilatation impairs the conformability and juxtaposition.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Aortografía/métodos , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/instrumentación , Prótesis Vascular , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Procedimientos Endovasculares/instrumentación , Tomografía Computarizada Multidetector , Stents , Estudios de Factibilidad , Humanos , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Diseño de Prótesis , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism is an important cause of cardiovascular death. Inferior vena cava filters have been shown to be effective for prevention of this condition. OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety, performance and efficacy of a new inferior vena cava filter in an ovine model. METHODS: BKone1 filters are self-centering with over-the-wire deployment, have three filtering regions and are made from nickel-titanium alloy. Eight of these filters were implanted in 8 sheep. The sheep were divided into 4 groups of two animals (A and B) and the number of clots injected differed by group. Two clots were injected in group 2, four in group 3, eight in group 4 and zero clots in group 1. A animals underwent euthanasia soon after the procedure and B animals were observed for 30 days and then euthanized after a control cavography. All inferior vena cavas were processed for histological examination. Clots were prepared in a metal mold, sectioned and then radiopaque markers were inserted. Clot capture was analyzed by identifying the radiopaque marker on fluoroscopy. RESULTS: No clot migration was observed during follow-up. Control cavographies showed patent inferior vena cavas. Pathological examination indicated little inflammatory tissue response. All clots were captured in the condition with 2 clots, only one clot was missed in the group injected with 4 clots and in the condition of 8 clots, they were partly captured. CONCLUSIONS: The filters were deployed safely. There was a reduction in efficacy as the number of blood clots increased.
CONTEXTO: Embolia pulmonar é uma importante causa de morte cardiovascular. Filtros de veia cava inferior têm se mostrado efetivos na sua prevenção. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a segurança, o desempenho e a eficácia de um novo filtro de veia cava inferior em estudo experimental utilizando modelos ovinos. MÉTODOS: Filtros BKone1 são autocentrantes, over-the-wire (OTW), compostos por três regiões de filtragem e construídos em liga de níquel-titânio. Oito filtros foram implantados em oito ovelhas. As ovelhas foram divididas em quatro grupos, de acordo com o número de êmbolos injetados, com dois animais em cada grupo (A e B). Foram injetados dois êmbolos no grupo 2, quatro no grupo 3, oito no grupo 4 e nenhum êmbolo no grupo 1. Os animais denominados A foram submetidos a eutanásia logo após o procedimento e os animais B foram observados por 30 dias, sendo submetidos a eutanásia após a realização de uma cavografia de controle. Após a eutanásia, todos os animais foram submetidos a explante do segmento de veia cava inferior contendo o filtro para análise anatomopatológica. Os êmbolos foram preparados em molde metálico e seccionados, adicionando-se marcadores radiopacos. A retenção dos êmbolos foi constatada através da identificação da marca radiopaca na seção de captura do filtro, via fluoroscopia. RESULTADOS: Não foi observada migração do filtro após o período de 30 dias. As cavografias de controle mostraram perviedade das veias cava inferior. Os resultados dos exames anatomopatológicos indicaram pouca resposta inflamatória dos tecidos. Os êmbolos foram capturados totalmente na condição com dois êmbolos, apenas um êmbolo não foi capturado no grupo com quatro êmbolos e na condição de oito êmbolos, eles foram parcialmente capturados. CONCLUSÕES: Os filtros foram entregues com segurança. Há uma queda na eficácia de captura com o aumento da quantidade de êmbolos.
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A Síndrome da Congestão Venosa Pélvica (SCVP) é uma causa de dor pélvica crônica, que afeta principalmente mulheres multíparas em idade reprodutiva. Para o tratamento desta síndrome, a embolização de varizes pélvicas tem demonstrado excelentes resultados. Relatamos uma série inicial de pacientes submetidas a tratamento com embolização de varizes pélvicas e os respectivos resultados de acompanhamento pós-operatório. São apresentados dados clínicos, detalhes do procedimento e resultados do acompanhamento e de exames de imagem de seis pacientes. Dentre estas pacientes, o sucesso técnico foi de 100% e não houve relato de complicações trans ou pós-operatórias graves. Em todos os casos, pôde-se observar alívio dos sintomas e melhora nos resultados de exames de imagens no acompanhamento de curto prazo. Os resultados nesta pequena série de casos indicam que a embolização é um tratamento seguro e efetivo para a SCVP.
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a cause of chronic pelvic pain that primarily affects multiparous women of reproductive age. Embolization of pelvic varicose veins offers excellent results for treatment of this syndrome. We describe an initial series of patients treated with embolization of pelvic varicose veins and their respective postoperative follow-up results. We provide clinical data, details of the procedures performed and results of follow-up and imaging exams for six patients. The technical success rate with these patients was 100% and there were no reports of serious intraoperative or postoperative complications. In all cases there was relief from symptoms and improvements in the results of imaging exams during short-term follow-up. The results of this small series of cases indicate that embolization is a safe and effective treatment for PCS.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Endovasculares/rehabilitación , Várices/terapia , Várices , Angiografía de Substracción Digital , Dolor Pélvico/diagnóstico , Dolor Pélvico/terapia , Dolor Pélvico , Embolización Terapéutica , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Endovenous laser ablation is a minimally invasive procedure that can be used to treat superficial venous insufficiency. We believe that using a longer wavelength will reduce the frequency of the most common adverse effects associated with the use of shorter wavelengths. OBJECTIVES: To report the results of an initial series of patients with chronic superficial venous insufficiency treated using a 1470 nanometer diode laser and to compare results using linear and radial laser fibers.METHODS: We conducted an observational cohort study. Seventy-four patients, for whom at least two postoperative Doppler ultrasonography scans were available, were recruited with a total of 121 saphenous veins treated (92 great and 29 small saphenous veins). There were 57 patients in Group A (treated with the linear fiber) and 17 in Group B (radial fiber). Follow-up ideally comprised clinical consultation and Doppler ultrasonography at 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after the procedure. Success was defined as total occlusion of the venous segment that had been treated.RESULTS: Success rates at mean follow-up of 13.4 months (range 7 - 27) were 83% for great saphenous veins and 89% for small saphenous veins. Patients treated with the radial fiber required less energy to achieve occlusion of the small saphenous vein and exhibited fewer adverse reactions, with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of great and small saphenous vein insufficiency using the 1470 nm diode laser is safe and effective. The radial fiber was associated with fewer intercurrent conditions than the linear fiber, although success rates were similar.
CONTEXTO: A ablação endovenosa com laser consiste em um procedimento minimamente invasivo e é aplicada no tratamento da insuficiência venosa superficial. Acreditamos que o uso de uma onda de maior comprimento irá propiciar a diminuição dos principais efeitos adversos, relacionados com ondas de menor comprimento. OBJETIVOS: Demonstrar o resultado de uma série inicial de pacientes com insuficiência venosa crônica superficial, tratados com o uso do Laser Diodo 1470 nanômetros, e comparar as fibras linear e radial.MÉTODOS: Conduzimos um estudo observacional do tipo coorte histórico. Setenta e quatro pacientes, com no mínimo dois eco-Doppler pós-operatórios, foram incluídos, totalizando 121 veias safenas tratadas (92 magnas e 29 parvas). Tivemos 57 pacientes pertencentes ao Grupo A (fibra linear) e 17 ao Grupo B (fibra radial). O follow-up foi idealmente realizado com uma consulta clínica e eco-Doppler em um mês, seis meses e 12 meses, após o procedimento. O sucesso foi definido como a oclusão total do segmento venoso tratado.RESULTADOS: O sucesso no follow-up médio de 13,4 meses (7 - 27) foi de 83% para veias safenas magnas e 89% para veias safenas parvas. Pacientes submetidos ao uso de fibra radial necessitaram de menos energia para oclusão da veia safena parva e apresentaram menos reações adversas, com significância estatística.CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento da insuficiência de veias safenas magna e parva com o Laser Diodo 1470 nm é seguro e eficaz. A utilização da fibra radial foi associada a menos intercorrências em relação à fibra linear, apesar de sucesso semelhante.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia Venosa/cirugía , Insuficiencia Venosa/terapia , Láseres de Semiconductores/efectos adversos , Láseres de Semiconductores/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Benchmarking/métodos , Brasil/epidemiología , Ecocardiografía Doppler/métodos , Estudio Observacional , Factores de Riesgo , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Várices , Vena Safena/cirugíaRESUMEN
A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA), complicated by an aortocaval fistula (ACF), is usually associated with high morbidity and mortality during open operative repair. We report a case of endovascular treatment of an RAAA with ACF. After accessing both common femoral arteries, a bifurcated aortic stent graft was placed. Subsequently, we accessed the fistula from the right femoral vein and a cava vein angiography showed a persistent massive flow from the cava to the excluded aneurysm sac. We proceeded by covering the fistula with an Excluder aortic stent-graft cuff to prevent pressurization of the aneurysm sac and secondary endoleaks. This procedure is feasible and may reduce the chances of posterior endoleaks.
Asunto(s)
Aorta/cirugía , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Rotura de la Aorta/cirugía , Fístula Arteriovenosa/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Vena Cava Inferior/cirugía , Anciano , Aorta/fisiopatología , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/complicaciones , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/fisiopatología , Rotura de la Aorta/diagnóstico , Rotura de la Aorta/etiología , Rotura de la Aorta/fisiopatología , Aortografía/métodos , Fístula Arteriovenosa/diagnóstico , Fístula Arteriovenosa/etiología , Fístula Arteriovenosa/fisiopatología , Prótesis Vascular , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/instrumentación , Procedimientos Endovasculares/instrumentación , Hemodinámica , Humanos , Masculino , Flebografía/métodos , Stents , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vena Cava Inferior/diagnóstico por imagen , Vena Cava Inferior/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The present study assesses some factors that may influence the development of lower limb venous disease in workers of a hospital food service unit. An Ergonomic analysis of work was carried out at a hospital located in the south of Brazil. As for data collection, the following were used: interviews and body mass index assessment; specific clinical examination to diagnose venous disease, water displacement volumetry of the lower limbs. The activities performed at the workplace were followed by direct observation with image registration, use of pedometers, stopwatches, decibel meter, and digital thermo-hygrometer. It was observed different degrees of venous disease in 78% of the cases investigated. The volumetric variation of the lower limbs was 5.13%, showing the presence of edema. Working in hospital food service is associated with circulatory disorders of lower limbs, such as edema and venous disease. The following risk factors were identified: standing activities at work during a long period of time, high temperature, and humidity and carrying heavy weights.
Asunto(s)
Servicio de Alimentación en Hospital , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Vasculares Periféricas/epidemiología , Adulto , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/irrigación sanguínea , Extremidad Inferior/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Enfermedades Vasculares Periféricas/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To establish a correlation between intrasac pressure measurements of a pressure sensor and an angiographic catheter placed in the same aneurysm sac before and after its exclusion by an endoprosthesis. METHODS: Patients who underwent endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and received an EndoSure wireless pressure sensor implant between March 19 and December 11, 2004 were enrolled in the study. Simultaneous readings of systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pressure within the aneurysm sac were obtained from the catheter and the sensor, both before and after sac exclusion by the endoprosthesis (Readings 1 and 2, respectively). Intrasac pressure measurements were compared using Pearson's correlation and Student's t test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients had the pressure sensor implanted, with simultaneous readings (i.e., recorded by both devices) obtained in 19 patients for Reading 1 and in 10 patients for Reading 2. There was a statistically significant correlation for all pressure variables during both readings, with p<0.01 for all except the pulse pressure in Reading 1 (p<0.05). Statistical significance of pressure variations before and after abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion was coincident between the sensor and catheter for diastolic (p>0.05), mean (p>0.05), and pulse (p<0.01) pressures; the sole disagreement was observed for systolic pressure, which varied, on average, 31.23 mmHg by the catheter (p<0.05) and 22 mmHg (p>0.05) by the sensor. CONCLUSION: The excellent agreement between intrasac pressure readings recorded by the catheter and the sensor justifies use of the latter for detection of post-exclusion abdominal aortic aneurysm pressurization.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Determinación de la Presión Sanguínea/instrumentación , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angioplastia , Monitores de Presión Sanguínea , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Cuidados Intraoperatorios , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Transductores de PresiónRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To establish a correlation between intrasac pressure measurements of a pressure sensor and an angiographic catheter placed in the same aneurysm sac before and after its exclusion by an endoprosthesis. METHODS: Patients who underwent endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and received an EndoSureTM wireless pressure sensor implant between March 19 and December 11, 2004 were enrolled in the study. Simultaneous readings of systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pressure within the aneurysm sac were obtained from the catheter and the sensor, both before and after sac exclusion by the endoprosthesis (Readings 1 and 2, respectively). Intrasac pressure measurements were compared using Pearson's correlation and Student's t test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients had the pressure sensor implanted, with simultaneous readings (i.e., recorded by both devices) obtained in 19 patients for Reading 1 and in 10 patients for Reading 2. There was a statistically significant correlation for all pressure variables during both readings, with p<0.01 for all except the pulse pressure in Reading 1 (p<0.05). Statistical significance of pressure variations before and after abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion was coincident between the sensor and catheter for diastolic (p>0.05), mean (p>0.05), and pulse (p<0.01) pressures; the sole disagreement was observed for systolic pressure, which varied, on average, 31.23 mmHg by the catheter (p<0.05) and 22 mmHg (p>0.05) by the sensor. CONCLUSION: The excellent agreement between intrasac pressure readings recorded by the catheter and the sensor justifies use of the latter for detection of post-exclusion abdominal aortic aneurysm pressurization.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Determinación de la Presión Sanguínea/instrumentación , Angioplastia , Monitores de Presión Sanguínea , Estudios de Seguimiento , Cuidados Intraoperatorios , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Transductores de PresiónRESUMEN
El presente estudio tiene por objetivo identificar los factores que pueden desencadenar o, según el caso, empeorar el desarrollo de enfermedades venosas en los miembros inferiores en operarios de una cocina colectiva, denominada Unidad de Alimentación y Nutrición. Se ha realizado un estudio cualitativo descriptivo de las condiciones de trabajo de los operarios de la cocina del Hospital Universitario de Florianópolis, al sur de Brasil. Se ha utilizado la metodología del Análisis Ergonómico del Trabajo. Como técnicas para la recopilación de datos se han realizado entrevistas con cuestionario aplicado por el observador, evaluación del Índice de Masa Corporal, examen clínico específico, volumetría por desplazamiento de agua de miembros inferiores, observación directa de las actividades desarrolladas en el ambiente de trabajo, con registro de imágenes y utilización de material como podómetro, cronómetro y termo-higrómetro digital. Tras la realización del estudio se ha podido observar la presencia de distintos grados de enfermedad venosa en un 78,57% de los casos, con una variación media para volumetría del 5,13%. Se han encontrado factores de riesgo para enfermedad venosa en el ambiente investigado, tales como, la postura de bipedestación por largos periodos de tiempo, temperatura y humedad elevados, la carga inadecuada de peso y el sobrepeso de los operarios
The present study evaluates which factors may influence the appearance or severity of lower limb venous disease on workers of a Unit of Food Service. A qualitative research, in the form of a case study, was carried out at a hospital Unit of Food Service located in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The followed methodology was the Ergonomic Analysis of Work. As for data collection, the following were used: interviews and Body Mass Index (BMI) assessment; specific clinical examination, water displacement volumetry of the lower extremities, in addition, on site direct and armed observations of daily tasks were carried out using photo cameras, pedometer, digital stopwatch and thermo-hygrometer. The presence of different degrees of venous disease in 78% of the cases was observed, with an average variation for volumetry of 5,13%. It was found as risk factors: standing activities at work during a long period of time, the elevated temperature and humidity, the inadequate weight carrying and the operators' overweight
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Manipulación de Alimentos , Insuficiencia Venosa/etiología , 16360 , Riesgos Laborales/estadística & datos numéricos , Restaurantes , Postura , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Investigación Cualitativa , Ergonomía , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar que é possível realizar o tratamento endovascular da ruptura de aneurisma da aorta abdominal previamente tratado por essa técnica. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente de 74 anos, portador de um aneurisma de aorta abdominal que foi submetido ao implante de uma endoprótese, apresentando ruptura desse aneurisma 20 meses depois, em conseqüência de um vazamento tipo III. O paciente foi tratado com sucesso mediante implante de uma nova endoprótese. Apresentou uma evolução favorável no pós-operatório e recebeu alta oito dias após a intervenção. Apesar da necessidade de uma evolução tecnológica dos atuais dispositivos, acreditamos que em situações críticas, como a do caso descrito, a utilização dessa técnica está plenamente justificada...