RESUMEN

Common variable immunodeficiency is a heterogeneous symptomatic group of inborn errors of immunity that mainly affects antibodies production and/or function, predisposing patients to recurrent and severe infections. More than half of them usually develop autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, enteropathy, and malignancies. Among these conditions, chronic lung disease such as granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease is one of the leading causes of death in these patients. Recently, many genes that play a key role in B and T cells' development, maintenance, and/or cytokines signaling pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we describe the first Argentinian patient presenting with common variable immunodeficiency and granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease, harboring two in cis heterozygous variants in the SOCS1 gene.

RESUMEN

During recent years, the identification of monogenic mutations that cause sterile inflammation has expanded the spectrum of autoinflammatory diseases, clinical disorders characterized by uncontrolled systemic and organ-specific inflammation that, in some cases, can mirror infectious conditions. Early studies support the concept of innate immune dysregulation with a predominance of myeloid effector cell dysregulation, particularly neutrophils and macrophages, in causing tissue inflammation. However, recent discoveries have shown a complex overlap of features of autoinflammation and/or immunodeficiency contributing to severe disease phenotypes. Here, we describe the first Argentine patient with a newly described frameshift mutation in SAMD9L c.2666delT/p.F889Sfs*2 presenting with a complex phenotypic overlap of CANDLE-like features and severe infection-induced cytopenia and immunodeficiency. The patient underwent a fully matched unrelated HSCT and has since been in inflammatory remission 5 years post-HSCT.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually mild and self-limited in children. However, a few Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infections in children may progress to severe disease with respiratory distress or can result in a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. The immune mechanisms for these differential clinical outcomes are largely unknown. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed to analyze the laboratory parameters, antibody response, immune phenotypes and cytokine profiles of 51 children with different clinical presentations of COVID-19. RESULTS: We found that the absolute lymphocyte counts gradually decreased with disease severity. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in the acute phase and convalescence were not significantly different in patients with different disease severity. A decrease in CD3 + , CD4 + and CD8 + T cells was observed as disease severity increased. Both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were activated in children with COVID-19, but no difference in the percentage of HLADR + -expressing cells was detected across the severity groups. In contrast, MIS-C patients exhibited augmented exhausted effector memory CD8 + T cells. Interestingly, the cytokine profile in sera of moderate/severe and MIS-C patients revealed an increase in anti-inflammatory IL-1RA and a suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α, RANTES, eotaxin and PDGF-BB. MIS-C patients also exhibited augmented IL-1ß. CONCLUSIONS: We report distinct immune profiles dependent on severity in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Further investigation in a larger population will help unravel the immune mechanisms underlying pediatric COVID-19.

Asunto(s)

COVID-19 , Citocinas , Becaplermina , COVID-19/complicaciones , COVID-19/inmunología , Quimiocina CCL5 , Citocinas/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G , Proteína Antagonista del Receptor de Interleucina 1 , Fenotipo , Estudios Prospectivos , ARN Viral , SARS-CoV-2 , Síndrome de Respuesta Inflamatoria Sistémica , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa

RESUMEN

Inborn errors of immunity are a group of genetic disorders caused by mutations that affect the development and/or function of several compartments of the immune system, predisposing patients to infections, autoimmunity, allergy and malignancies. In this regard, mutations that affect proteins involved in trafficking, priming, docking, or membrane fusion will impair the exocytosis of lytic granules of effector NK and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This may predispose patients to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a life-threatening immune disorder characterized by systemic lymphocyte and macrophage activation, and increased levels of cytokines, which lead to an uncontrolled hyperinflammation state and progressive multiorgan damage. In this review, we will describe a clinical case and recent advances in inborn errors of immunity predisposing to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Summary sentence: Review of recent advances in inborn errors of immunity predisposing to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Asunto(s)

Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica , Niño , Citocinas/genética , Humanos , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica/genética , Mutación , Linfocitos T Citotóxicos

RESUMEN

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) pathogenic mechanisms as well as the participation of the immune response in the generation of liver damage are still a topic of interest. Here, we evaluated immune cell populations and cytokines in the liver and peripheral blood (PB) to elucidate their role in CHC pathogenesis. B, CTL, Th, Treg, Th1, Th17, and NK cell localization and frequency were evaluated on liver biopsies by immunohistochemistry, while frequency, differentiation, and functional status on PB were evaluated by flow cytometry. TNF-α, IL-23, IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-10, and TGF-ß expression levels were quantified in fresh liver biopsy by RT-qPCR and in plasma by CBA/ELISA. Liver CTL and Th1 at the lobular area inversely correlated with viral load (r = -0.469, p =0.003 and r = -0.384, p = 0.040). Treg correlated with CTL and Th1 at the lobular area (r = 0.784, p < 0.0001; r = 0.436, p = 0.013). Th17 correlated with hepatic IL-8 (r = 0.52, p < 0.05), and both were higher in advanced fibrosis cases (Th17 p = 0.0312, IL-8 p = 0.009). Hepatic cytokines were higher in severe hepatitis cases (IL-1ß p = 0.026, IL-23 p = 0.031, IL-8 p = 0.002, TGF-ß, p= 0.037). Peripheral NK (p = 0.008) and NK dim (p = 0.018) were diminished, while NK bright (p = 0.025) was elevated in patients vs. donors. Naïve Th (p = 0.011) and CTL (p = 0.0007) were decreased, while activated Th (p = 0.0007) and CTL (p = 0.0003) were increased. IFN-γ production and degranulation activity in NK and CTL were normal. Peripheral cytokines showed an altered profile vs. donors, particularly elevated IL-6 (p = 0.008) and TGF-ß (p = 0.041). Total hepatic CTLs favored damage. Treg could not prevent fibrogenesis triggered by Th17 and IL-8. Peripheral T-lymphocyte differentiation stage shift, elevated cytokine levels and NK-cell count decrease would contribute to global disease.

Asunto(s)

Hepatitis C Crónica , Humanos , Inmunidad , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Células Th17

RESUMEN

Primary immune regulation disorders lead to autoimmunity, allergy and inflammatory conditions due to defects in the immune homeostasis affecting different T, B and NK cell subsets. To improve our understanding of these conditions, in this work we analyzed the T and B cell compartments of 15 PID patients with dysregulation, including 3 patients with STAT1 GOF mutation, 7 patients with CVID with dysregulation, 3 patients with mutations in CTLA4, 1 patient with CD25 mutation and 1 patient with STAT5b mutation and compared them with healthy donors and with CVID patients without dysregulation. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the patients exhibited a significant decreased frequency of naïve and regulatory T cells with increased frequencies of activated cells, central memory CD4+ T cells, effector memory CD8+ T cells and terminal effector CD8+ T cells. Patients also exhibited a significantly increased frequency of circulating CD4+ follicular helper T cells, with altered frequencies of cTfh cell subsets. Such cTfh cells were skewed toward cTfh1 cells in STAT1 GOF, CTLA4, and CVID patients, while the STAT5b deficient patient presented a skew toward cTfh17 cells. These alterations confirmed the existence of an imbalance in the cTfh1/cTfh17 ratio in these diseases. In addition, we unraveled a marked dysregulation in the B cell compartment, characterized by a prevalence of transitional and naïve B cells in STAT1 GOF and CVID patients, and of switched-memory B cells and plasmablast cells in the STAT5b deficient patient. Moreover, we observed a significant positive correlation between the frequencies cTfh17 cells and switched-memory B cells and between the frequency of switched-memory B cells and the serum IgG. Therefore, primary immunodeficiencies with dysregulation are characterized by a skew toward an activated/memory phenotype within the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartment, accompanied by abnormal frequencies of Tregs, cTfh, and their cTfh1 and cTfh17 subsets that likely impact on B cell help for antibody production, which likely contributes to their autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, assessment of these alterations by flow cytometry constitutes a simple and straightforward manner to improve diagnosis of these complex clinical entities that may impact early diagnosis and patients' treatment. Also, our findings unravel phenotypic alterations that might be associated, at least in part, with some of the clinical manifestations observed in these patients.

Asunto(s)

Centro Germinal/inmunología , Subgrupos Linfocitarios/inmunología , Monitorización Inmunológica/métodos , Células Precursoras de Linfocitos B/inmunología , Enfermedades de Inmunodeficiencia Primaria/inmunología , Células TH1/inmunología , Células Th17/inmunología , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Femenino , Homeostasis , Humanos , Memoria Inmunológica , Masculino , Factor de Transcripción STAT1/metabolismo

RESUMEN

Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role during immunity against viruses and circumstantial evidence also indicates that they can protect the host against developing tumors. Peripheral blood NK cells comprise CD56brightCD16lo/- cells that constitutively express CD25 (IL-2Rα) and CD56dimCD16hi cells that express CD25 upon activation. Using NK cells from two patients, one with a primary immunodeficiency characterized by a homozygous mutation in CD25 (born in year 2007 and studied since she was 3 years old) and one with a homozygous mutation in STAT5b (born in year 1992 and studied since she was 10 years old), we observed that the absence of IL-2 signaling through CD25 promotes the accumulation of CD56brightCD16high NK cells, and that CD56brightCD16lo, CD56brightCD16high, and CD56dimCD16high NK cells of this patient exhibited higher content of perforin and granzyme B, and proliferation capacity, compared to healthy donors. Also, CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells of this patient exhibited a reduced IFN-γ production in response to cytokine stimulation and increased degranulation against K562 cells. Also, the CD25-deficient patient presented a lower frequency of terminally differentiated NK cells in the CD56dimCD16hi NK subpopulation compared to the HD (assessed by CD57 and CD94 expression). Remarkably, CD56dimCD16high NK cells from both patients exhibited notoriously higher expression of CD62L compared to HD, suggesting that in the absence of IL-2 signaling through CD25 and STAT5b, NK cells fail to properly downregulate CD62L during their transition from CD56brightCD16lo/- to CD56dimCD16hi cells. Thus, we provide the first demonstration about the in vivo requirement of the integrity of the IL-2/CD25/STAT5b axis for proper human NK cell maturation.

RESUMEN

Germinal heterozygous activating STAT3 mutations represent a novel monogenic defect associated with multi-organ autoimmune disease and, in some cases, severe growth retardation. By using whole-exome sequencing, we identified two novel STAT3 mutations, p.E616del and p.C426R, in two unrelated pediatric patients with IGF-I deficiency and immune dysregulation. The functional analyses showed that both variants were gain-of-function (GOF), although they were not constitutively phosphorylated. They presented differences in their dephosphorylation kinetics and transcriptional activities under interleukin-6 stimulation. Both variants increased their transcriptional activities in response to growth hormone (GH) treatment. Nonetheless, STAT5b transcriptional activity was diminished in the presence of STAT3 GOF variants, suggesting a disruptive role of STAT3 GOF variants in the GH signaling pathway. This study highlights the broad clinical spectrum of patients presenting activating STAT3 mutations and explores the underlying molecular pathway responsible for this condition, suggesting that different mutations may drive increased activity by slightly different mechanisms.

Asunto(s)

Células Germinativas/metabolismo , Trastornos del Crecimiento/genética , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/genética , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/genética , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/deficiencia , Mutación/genética , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Preescolar , Femenino , Células HEK293 , Hormona de Crecimiento Humana/farmacología , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/genética , Interleucina-5/metabolismo , Luciferasas/metabolismo , Masculino , Modelos Moleculares , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Multimerización de Proteína , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/química , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT5/metabolismo , Proteína 3 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/genética , Proteína 3 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/metabolismo , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Secuenciación del Exoma

RESUMEN

The role of the different lymphocyte populations in liver microenvironment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients is still matter of debate. Since Th17 and Treg have opposite functions, their balance could affect disease progression. The aim was to explore liver microenvironment and its peripheral blood counterpart in adult CHC patients. CD4+ lymphocytes were predominant in the liver, with high Foxp3+ but low IL-17A+ frequency. IL-17A+ lymphocytes and IL-17A+/Foxp3+ ratio displayed association with advanced fibrosis (p = 0.0130; p = 0.0236, respectively), while Foxp3+ lymphocytes and IL-10 expression level inversely correlated with fibrosis severity (p = 0.0381, p = 0.0398, respectively). TGF-ß/IL-6 ratio correlated with IL-17A+/Foxp3+ ratio (p = 0.0036, r = 0.5944) and with IL-17A+ lymphocytes (p = 0.0093; r = 0.5203). TNF-α and TGF-ß were associated with hepatitis severity (p = 0.0409, p = 0.0321). Peripheral blood lymphocyte frequency was not associated with liver damage. There are functionally different immune cell populations actively involved in liver damage, but the liver cytokine milieu actually drives the pathogenesis. The intrahepatic Foxp3+ lymphocytes predominance beside the low IL-17A+ lymphocytes frequency, delineate a skewed IL-17A+/Foxp3+ balance towards Foxp3+ lymphocytes. However, the IL-17A+ lymphocytes association with advanced fibrosis denotes their role in the pathogenesis. Therefore, the interplay between Th17 and Treg conditions liver fibrogenesis.

Asunto(s)

Microambiente Celular , Hepatitis C Crónica/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores , Biopsia , Comunicación Celular , Microambiente Celular/inmunología , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Hepatitis C Crónica/inmunología , Hepatitis C Crónica/metabolismo , Hepatitis C Crónica/virología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Inmunofenotipificación , Cirrosis Hepática/etiología , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología , Linfocitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Células Th17/inmunología , Células Th17/metabolismo , Carga Viral

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins regulate gene transcription in response to a variety of cytokines. STAT5B, in particular, plays an important role in T cells, where it is a key mediator of interleukin-2 (IL-2) induced responses. STAT5B deficiency causes a rare autosomal recessive disorder reported in only a handful of individuals. There are currently ten published cases of STAT5B deficiency, four of which are Argentinians. AIM: This is a report of more than 10 years follow up of the clinical and immunological features of three Argentinian STAT5B deficient patients. CONCLUSION: More than a decade of follow-up demonstrates that STAT5B deficiency is associated with various clinical pathologies that cause significant morbidity. Early diagnosis is critical for the prevention and improvement of clinical outcomes for STAT5B deficient patients.

Asunto(s)

Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/inmunología , Factor de Transcripción STAT5/deficiencia , Adulto , Argentina , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Linfocitos B/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/sangre , Síndromes de Inmunodeficiencia/genética , Recuento de Linfocitos , Mutación , Factor de Transcripción STAT5/genética , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Two populations of human natural killer (NK) cells can be identified in peripheral blood. The majority are CD3(-)CD56(dim) cells while the minority exhibits a CD3(-)CD56(bright) phenotype. In vitro evidence indicates that CD56(bright) cells are precursors of CD56(dim) cells, but in vivo evidence is lacking. Here, we studied NK cells from a patient that suffered from a melanoma and opportunistic fungal infection during childhood. The patient exhibited a stable phenotype characterized by a reduction in the frequency of peripheral blood CD3(-)CD56(dim) NK cells, accompanied by an overt increase in the frequency and absolute number of CD3(-)CD56(bright) cells. These NK cells exhibited similar expression of perforin, CD57 and CD158, the major activating receptors CD16, NKp46, NKG2D, DNAM-1, and 2B4, as well as the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A, on both CD56(bright) and CD56(dim) NK cells as healthy controls. Also, both NK cell subpopulations produced IFN-γ upon stimulation with cytokines, and CD3(-)CD56(dim) NK cells degranulated in response to cytokines or K562 cells. However, upon stimulation with cytokines, a substantial fraction of CD56(dim) cells failed to up-regulate CD57 and CD158, showed a reduction in the percentage of CD16(+) cells, and CD56(bright) cells did not down-regulate CD62L, suggesting that CD56(dim) cells could not acquire a terminally differentiated phenotype and that CD56(bright) cells exhibit a maturation defect that might result in a potential altered migration pattern. These observations, support the notion that NK cells of this patient display a maturation/activation defect that precludes the generation of mature NK cells at a normal rate accompanied by CD56(dim) NK cells that cannot completely acquire a terminally differentiated phenotype. Thus, our results provide evidence that support the concept that in vivo CD56(bright) NK cells differentiate into CD56(dim) NK cells, and contribute to further understand human NK cell ontogeny.

Asunto(s)

Antígeno CD56 , Diferenciación Celular , Linaje de la Célula , Células Asesinas Naturales , Antígeno CD56/sangre , Antígeno CD56/genética , Antígeno CD56/inmunología , Diferenciación Celular/inmunología , Linaje de la Célula/genética , Linaje de la Célula/inmunología , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Células K562 , Células Asesinas Naturales/citología , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , Leucocitos Mononucleares/inmunología

RESUMEN

CONTEXT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) deficiency, first reported in a patient who carried a p.Ala630Pro missense mutation in the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, results in a rare clinical condition of GH insensitivity (GHI), IGF-I deficiency (IGFD), and severe immune dysregulation manifesting as progressive worsening of pulmonary function. PATIENT: The new patient presented with severe cutaneous eczema, episodic infections in the first years of life, and autoimmune thyroiditis. Immunological evaluation revealed T lymphopenia, but severe pulmonary symptoms were notably absent. She concomitantly exhibited pronounced growth failure, reaching an adult height of 124.7 cm [-5.90 SD score (SDS)]. Endocrine evaluations (normal provocative GH tests; low serum IGF-I, -3.7 SDS, and IGF-binding protein-3, -4.5 SDS) were consistent with GHI and IGFD. RESULTS: Analysis of the STAT5B gene revealed a novel homozygous missense mutation, p.Phe646Ser, located within the ßD' strand of the SH2 domain. Reconstitution studies demonstrated expression of the p.Phe646Ser variant was less robust than wild type but, in contrast to the previously described STAT5B p.Ala630Pro SH2 mutation, could be phosphorylated in response to GH and interferon-γ. The phosphorylated p.Phe646Ser, however, could not drive transcription. CONCLUSION: A novel STAT5B p.Phe646Ser mutation has been identified in a patient with clinical characteristics of STAT5b deficiency. Only the second STAT5B missense mutation identified, its lack of transcriptional activities despite GH-induced phosphorylation, confirms the crucial role of STAT5b for regulating the expression of IGF1 and provides insights into the importance of the SH2 ßD' strand for full STAT5b transcriptional activities. Whether the phosphorylated p.Phe646Ser variant retained functions that prevented pulmonary distress remains unresolved.

Asunto(s)

Enanismo Hipofisario/genética , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/genética , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/deficiencia , Mutación Missense , Factor de Transcripción STAT5/genética , Tiroiditis Autoinmune/genética , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Femenino , Humanos , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/genética , Enfermedades Pulmonares/genética , Adulto Joven , Dominios Homologos src/genética

RESUMEN

Introducción.La deficiencia selectiva de IgA se comporta como una enfermedad heterogénea, (asintomática o sintomática con infecciones recurrentes respiratorias o gastrointestinales, enfermedades atópicas y autoinmunes), caracterizada por presentar IgA de 7mg/dl o menos en pacientes de 4 años de edad o mas. Entre 1990 y 1999 se registraron en nuestro servicio 176 inmunodeficiencias primarias; la inmunodeficiencia selectiva de IgA representó el 61 por ciento. Objetivo. Describir las distintas formas de presentación clínica de la deficiencia selectiva de IgA y buscar un patrón inmunológico que permita diferenciarlas. Población, material y métodos. Se evaluaron inmunológicamente 90 pacientes con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencia selectiva de IgA. Se excluyeron 18 pacientes por falta de seguimiento

Asunto(s)

Recién Nacido , Lactante , Niño , Deficiencia de IgA/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad , Autoinmunidad , Pediatría

RESUMEN

Introducción.La deficiencia selectiva de IgA se comporta como una enfermedad heterogénea, (asintomática o sintomática con infecciones recurrentes respiratorias o gastrointestinales, enfermedades atópicas y autoinmunes), caracterizada por presentar IgA de 7mg/dl o menos en pacientes de 4 años de edad o mas. Entre 1990 y 1999 se registraron en nuestro servicio 176 inmunodeficiencias primarias; la inmunodeficiencia selectiva de IgA representó el 61 por ciento. Objetivo. Describir las distintas formas de presentación clínica de la deficiencia selectiva de IgA y buscar un patrón inmunológico que permita diferenciarlas. Población, material y métodos. Se evaluaron inmunológicamente 90 pacientes con diagnóstico de inmunodeficiencia selectiva de IgA. Se excluyeron 18 pacientes por falta de seguimiento

Asunto(s)

Recién Nacido , Lactante , Niño , Autoinmunidad , Hipersensibilidad , Deficiencia de IgA , Pediatría

RESUMEN

La enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK) es una vasculitis aguda febril de la infancia, caracterizada por mútiples signos clínicos y bioquímicos de la inflamación con especial compromiso del corazón. La activación de linfocitos y monocitos/macrófagos y sus produtos solubles secretados, citoquinas , juegan un papel central en la patogénesis de la enfermadad. En este estudio realizamos estudios de laboratorio inmunológico en 26 pacientes con EK. En 22 pacientes en etapa aguda medimos niveles séricos de IgG, IgA, IgM, fracciones del complemento C3 y C4 por Nefelometría, sin encontrar un patrón constante y los anticuerpos FAN y ANCA por imunoflorescencia indirecta fueron negativos. En células mononucleares periféricas de 25 pacientes en etapa aguda encontramos porcentajes variables de CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD56 y DR mediante tinción específica y análisis por cimetría de flujo. El porcentaje de CD25 estuvo elevado en 17/25 casos. Los níveles séricos de TNFalfa medidos poe ELISA en 12 pacientes , fueron bajos. Evaluamos citoquinas intracelulares TNAalfa, IL1beta, IL2, e IFNgamaen células mononucleares periféricas en 15 pacientes en etapas agudas, subagudas y de covalecencia, utilizando tinción específica y análisis por cimetría de flujo, sin encontrar un perfil característico. Dos pacientes mostraron porcentajes elevados de TNFalfa e IL1beta en monocitos durante la etapa de covalecencia, ambos presentaron secuelas coronarias. Es necesario realizar investigación adicioal acerca de este hallazgo. En conclusión, la evaluación inmunulógica mostró un perfil heterógeneo y no se encontró ningún factor de laboratorio en la etapa aguda que sea predictivo de compromiso cardivascular. (AU)

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/sangre , Citocinas/sangre , Linfocitos/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre

RESUMEN

La enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK) es una vasculitis aguda febril de la infancia, caracterizada por mútiples signos clínicos y bioquímicos de la inflamación con especial compromiso del corazón. La activación de linfocitos y monocitos/macrófagos y sus produtos solubles secretados, citoquinas , juegan un papel central en la patogénesis de la enfermadad. En este estudio realizamos estudios de laboratorio inmunológico en 26 pacientes con EK. En 22 pacientes en etapa aguda medimos niveles séricos de IgG, IgA, IgM, fracciones del complemento C3 y C4 por Nefelometría, sin encontrar un patrón constante y los anticuerpos FAN y ANCA por imunoflorescencia indirecta fueron negativos. En células mononucleares periféricas de 25 pacientes en etapa aguda encontramos porcentajes variables de CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD56 y DR mediante tinción específica y análisis por cimetría de flujo. El porcentaje de CD25 estuvo elevado en 17/25 casos. Los níveles séricos de TNFalfa medidos poe ELISA en 12 pacientes , fueron bajos. Evaluamos citoquinas intracelulares TNAalfa, IL1beta, IL2, e IFNgamaen células mononucleares periféricas en 15 pacientes en etapas agudas, subagudas y de covalecencia, utilizando tinción específica y análisis por cimetría de flujo, sin encontrar un perfil característico. Dos pacientes mostraron porcentajes elevados de TNFalfa e IL1beta en monocitos durante la etapa de covalecencia, ambos presentaron secuelas coronarias. Es necesario realizar investigación adicioal acerca de este hallazgo. En conclusión, la evaluación inmunulógica mostró un perfil heterógeneo y no se encontró ningún factor de laboratorio en la etapa aguda que sea predictivo de compromiso cardivascular.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Citocinas/sangre , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Linfocitos/sangre

RESUMEN

El control de calidad se efectuó sobre los valores obtenidos, relativos y absolutos, de linfocitos T y de sus subpoblaciones CD4+ y CD8+ en muestras de sangre de pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV). El estudio incluyó dieciocho centros: diez utilizaron citómetros de flujo de Becton Dickinson, tres de Coulter y 5 de Ortho que representan a 17 laboratorios de Argentina y a uno de Uruguay. Los siguientes programas se utilizaron para analizar los datos : SimulSET, Paint a Gate (Becton Dickinson), Profile II, XL System (Coulter), ImmunoCount Trio y Combo Cytoron (Ortho). Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre periférica en horas de la mañana (8 a 10 hs) de 10 voluntarios normales (por serología y hemograma) y de 10 pacientes HIV positivos con valores previos de CD4 que variaron entre 200-350 células por microlito y fueron procesadas dentro de las 12 horas. Cada centro obtuvo los valores relativos con el procedimiento técnico habitual y el de los valores absolutos utilizando el hemograma propio. Además, en un contador hematológico Cell-Dyn 3500 se obtuvo para cada muestra el hemograma correspondiente considerado de referencia. Los valores absolutos medios, obtenidos en cada centro con el hemograma propio, para los linfocitos T y los de sus subpoblaciones fueron significativamente diferentes. No hubo diferencias significativas para los valores porcentuales entre los diferentes centros ni para los valores absolutos obtenidos con el hemograma de referencia. Concluimos que las diferencias en los valores absolutos de los linfocitos T y sus subpoblaciones dependen del recuento hematológico empleado. (AU)

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Control de Calidad , Subgrupos Linfocitarios , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , VIH , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Recolección de Muestras de Sangre , Recuento de Linfocito CD4/métodos

RESUMEN

El control de calidad se efectuó sobre los valores obtenidos, relativos y absolutos, de linfocitos T y de sus subpoblaciones CD4+ y CD8+ en muestras de sangre de pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV). El estudio incluyó dieciocho centros: diez utilizaron citómetros de flujo de Becton Dickinson, tres de Coulter y 5 de Ortho que representan a 17 laboratorios de Argentina y a uno de Uruguay. Los siguientes programas se utilizaron para analizar los datos : SimulSET, Paint a Gate (Becton Dickinson), Profile II, XL System (Coulter), ImmunoCount Trio y Combo Cytoron (Ortho). Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre periférica en horas de la mañana (8 a 10 hs) de 10 voluntarios normales (por serología y hemograma) y de 10 pacientes HIV positivos con valores previos de CD4 que variaron entre 200-350 células por microlito y fueron procesadas dentro de las 12 horas. Cada centro obtuvo los valores relativos con el procedimiento técnico habitual y el de los valores absolutos utilizando el hemograma propio. Además, en un contador hematológico Cell-Dyn 3500 se obtuvo para cada muestra el hemograma correspondiente considerado de referencia. Los valores absolutos medios, obtenidos en cada centro con el hemograma propio, para los linfocitos T y los de sus subpoblaciones fueron significativamente diferentes. No hubo diferencias significativas para los valores porcentuales entre los diferentes centros ni para los valores absolutos obtenidos con el hemograma de referencia. Concluimos que las diferencias en los valores absolutos de los linfocitos T y sus subpoblaciones dependen del recuento hematológico empleado.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , VIH , Subgrupos Linfocitarios , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Control de Calidad , Recolección de Muestras de Sangre , Recuento de Linfocito CD4 , Interpretación Estadística de Datos