RESUMEN
When performed by a trained examiner, ultrasonography (US) of the eye is a useful tool in diagnosing conditions of the ocular globe, especially when combined with ophthalmoscopy. Pathologic conditions of the ocular globe include several usual and unusual entities, most of which may be properly identified at US. For instance, the ocular globe may have an abnormal size or unusual morphologic characteristics. Lesions of the anterior chamber (eg, hyphema), lens (eg, cataract, luxation), and iris or ciliary bodies (eg, cysts) are usually seen at ophthalmoscopy but may also be depicted at US. Vitreous pathologic conditions may demonstrate echoes caused by various entities such as degeneration, asteroid hyalosis, hemorrhage, and infection, and lines are indicative of different types of detachment, including retinal, choroidal, and hyaloid detachment and retinoschisis. Posterior wall masses are usually tumors (eg, melanoma, metastasis, nevus, hemangioma) but may also result from subretinal hemorrhage or granulomas (from tuberculosis or histoplasmosis). Calcifications may be caused by drusen or be nonspecific. Foreign bodies may also be seen. Knowledge of ocular US techniques and protocols and familiarity with normal and pathologic imaging findings are critical in making a correct diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Oftalmopatías/diagnóstico , Ojo/diagnóstico por imagen , Ojo/patología , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Oftalmoscopía/métodos , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Humanos , Estadística como AsuntoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Urethrocutaneous fistulas (UCF) and flap dehiscence (FD) are the most common postoperative complications after hypospadias (HS) surgical repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the application of fibrin sealant over the site of surgery and suture lines reduces these complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of consecutive patients was treated over a 3-year period. 30 patients were submitted to HS surgical repair plus application of fibrin glue over the suture line and surgical site; for comparison, another 56 subjects made up the control group which was submitted to surgical repair only. Variables assessed included: age, type of HS, fibrin sealant used, complications and number of surgical procedures required to treat recurrences. RESULTS: In general, the frequency of complications was 10 vs. 41% for UCF (p = 0.002), 13 vs. 50% for FD (p = 0.001), and for flap necrosis (FN) 6.7 vs. 28.6% (p = 0.01) for the treatment and control groups respectively. The number of surgical reinterventions to treat recurrences was higher in the control group than in the study group (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The incidence of UCF after HS surgical repair can be reduced by applying fibrin sealant over the site of surgery and the suture lines.