RESUMEN
We studied fourteen 14 to 17-year old male adolescents before and after a 9-week resistive exercise program and compared the changes in lipid and lipoprotein profiles with those in 14 non-exercising control subjects. Studies included determination of weight, body mass index (weight for height2), percent body fat, blood pressure and resting heart rate, maximum heart rate and maximum oxygen consumption, and plasma lipids and lipoproteins. No significant differences were present between the two groups before training except that percent body fat was lower in the control subjects. After training, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the exercising subjects decreased from 120 +/- 15 to 95 +/- 13 mg/dL (P less than 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased from 35 +/- 12 to 45 +/- 8 mg/dL (P less than 0.01), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio increased from 0.2 +/- 0.06 to 0.27 +/- 0.05 (P less than 0.001). Control subjects showed a significant increase in weight (P less than 0.01) and body mass index (P less than 0.01) and a decrease in maximum heart rate (P less than 0.01) at the end of the 9 weeks. Adjustment for body mass index resulted in no alteration in the favorable response of the lipoprotein profile. No change occurred in body composition or maximum oxygen consumption with training. These findings indicate that resistive training is associated with a favorable alteration in the lipoprotein profile in adolescent males.
Asunto(s)
HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Colesterol/sangre , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangre , Educación y Entrenamiento Físico , Adolescente , Presión Sanguínea , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Consumo de OxígenoRESUMEN
We observed 10 children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, evaluated initially by cardiac catheterization (mean age 18 months), for an average of 4.4 years. Age at last evaluation averaged 5.8 years; subjects reside in and around Albuquerque, N.M. (altitude 5000 ft). At initial cardiac catheterization, mean pulmonary artery pressure was 40 mm Hg, pulmonary vascular resistance index 8.9 units, and intrapulmonary shunt fraction was high; pulmonary wedge angiograms were normal. Over the period of follow-up the group has done poorly. Four of the 10 continue to receive home oxygen therapy, but none requires inotropic or diuretic therapy; four children have marked developmental or motor delays. Nine of 10 patients have abnormalities of respiratory function on spirometric testing. Four patients underwent recatheterization because of clinical indications; two had large atrial level left-to-right shunts not found on initial study. Reductions in pulmonary artery pressure (55 to 37 mm Hg) and pulmonary vascular resistance (11.9 to 7.8 units) occurred between the two studies in these four patients (average study interval 4.0 years); the still elevated levels of pressure and resistance fell further in response to 40% O2 administration. Pulmonary wedge angiograms were abnormal in each restudied patient. Although not uniformly bleak, the long-term outlook for children with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia is diverse and guarded.