RESUMEN

Pulmonary loborraphy can be performed using manual sutures and staples, although other methods, such as tissue adhesives, are also cited in the veterinary literature. Although the surgery is well tolerated in the canine species, failure in pulmonary aerostasis is still a reality since all the methods described so far eventually lead to air leakage after the use of the partial lobectomy technique in the lungs. Within this context, the aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of different hermetic sealing methods after partial lobectomy of the right caudal lung lobe (RCLL) in dogs. 30 cadavers models were divided in 6 groups: G1-cobbler suture associated with simple continuous; G2-overlapping continuous suture associated with simple continuous suture; G3-Ford interlocking suture; G4-Stapling device; G5-Tissue glue (cyanoacrylate). After performing the sealing techniques, the lungs were submerged in water and inflated with oxygen at positive ventilatory pressures at physiological (up to 14.7 mmHg, which is equivalent to up to 20 cmH2O) and supraphysiological levels (above 14.7 mmHg) to evaluate the performance of the sealing methods. At physiological ventilatory pressure levels, there was no difference between groups. Sealing with surgical glue was superior to interlocking sutures and stapling devices at supraphysiological levels of ventilatory pressure.

RESUMEN

Despite its clinical relevance, the pathogenesis of canine pyometra remains poorly understood. To date, it is recognized as a non-transmissible infectious disease. In this study, the simultaneous occurrence of pyometra and Escherichia coli in two cohabitant female dogs underwent in-depth investigation due to the hypothesis of transmission between these animals. Two 5-year-old Chow Chow dogs (namely, dogs 23 and 24-D23 and D24) were referred to a veterinary hospital with suspected pyometra. Both animals showed prostration, anorexia, and purulent vulvar discharge over a 1-week period. After ovariohysterectomy, uterine tissue, uterine contents, and rectal swabs were collected for histopathological and microbiological analysis. Uterine histology demonstrated purulent material and multifocal necrosis with endometrial ulceration, and a morphological diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed. Furthermore, E. coli from the same phylogroup (B2) and positive for the same virulence factors with the same antimicrobial susceptibility profile was isolated from the uterine contents of both dogs and the rectum of D23. Conversely, the E. coli strains recovered from D24 differed in phylogroup (one isolate), virulence factors (all three isolates), and antimicrobial susceptibility (all three isolates). Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) suggested that all isolates from the uterine content of both dogs and the rectal swab of D23 were 100% the same, but different from all isolates in the rectal swab of D24. One isolate from the uterine content of each animal as well as rectal swabs were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Both whole-genome multilocus sequence typing(wgMLST) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis supported the hypothesis that the isolates from the uterine content of both animals and the rectal swab of D23 were clonal. Taken together, these clinical features, pathology, microbiology, and molecular findings suggest, to the best of our knowledge, the first transmission of E. coli associated with pyometra between two animals. These results could impact the management of sites where several females cohabit in the same local area such as kennels.

RESUMEN

Despite its high frequency and clinical relevance, the pathogenesis of canine pyometra remains poorly understood. The most accepted hypothesis is that bacteria involved ascend from the intestinal tract, causing the uterine infection. Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the most frequent pathogen in canine pyometra, accounting for 57-100% of cases. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of phylogenetic groups and virulence factors in E. coli strains isolated from the uterine and rectal swabs of bitches with pyometra (n = 72) and from rectal swabs from healthy bitches fed commercial dry feed (n = 53) or a raw meat-based diet (RMBD; n = 38). A total of 512 strains of E. coli were isolated and divided into five categories according to the origin of the sample: 120 isolates from the uterine content of dogs with E. coli pyometra, 102 from the feces of bitches with E. coli pyometra, 75 from the feces of bitches without E. coli pyometra, 130 feces samples from healthy dogs fed commercial feed, and 85 feces samples from healthy dogs fed a raw meat-based diet. E. coli strains belonging to the B2 phylogroup and positive for virulence factor genes associated with adhesion (fimbriae type P [papC]) and production of toxins (α-hemolysin [hlyA] and uropathogenic specific protein [usp]) predominated in the uterine content and rectal swabs of bitches with E. coli pyometra. Interestingly, a lower growth rate of E. coli from the B2 phylogroup was observed in dogs fed a RMBD than in those fed commercial dry feed. The present study suggests that intestinal colonization by certain types of E. coli could be a risk factor for the occurrence of E. coli pyometra in bitches and that diet can influence intestinal colonization by such strains.

RESUMEN

A six-month-old male Brazilian Terrier with persistent cough and dyspnea was diagnosed with intrathoracic tracheal collapse and pneumonia after chest radiographics. The medical treatment was performed, and an extraluminal nitinol prosthesis was placed through thoracic access. The dog did not presented recurrence of dyspnea or pneumonia for four years after the surgical procedure. Placement of the extraluminal prosthesis with the thoracic approach effectively stabilized intrathoracic tracheal collapse without causing any structural damage in the thoracic region. Therefore, this is the first report of a successful use of this prosthesis with an intercostal approach in dogs for intrathoracic trachea collapse.

Um cão macho, da raça Terrier Brasileiro de seis meses de idade, com dispnéia e tosse persistente foi diagnosticado com colapso traqueal intratorácico e pneumonia após estudo radiográfico de tórax. Foi instituído tratamento médico e realizada toracotomia para a implantação de prótese traqueal extraluminal de nitinol. O animal não manifestou dispneia ou pneumonia durante os quatro anos posteriores ao procedimento. A implantação da prótese extraluminal através da toracotomia foi eficaz para o tratamento do colapso traqueal intratorácico, sem provocar danos estruturais na região torácica. Desta forma, este é primeiro relato da utilização bem-sucedida deste tipo de prótese, a partir da abordagem intercostal, no tratamento de cães com colapso traqueal intratorácico.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.(AU)

A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.

A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is the persistent increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) that could be caused by several pathologies. It is capable of promoting organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the mortality rate of human patients. As for cats and dogs, there are still few reports on how this pressure can be monitored and treated as a routine for admitted and hospitalized animals and on its relationship with the mortality of the patients. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to report a case of IAH secondary to chronic diaphragmatic rupture in a dog, which was treated with a temporary abdominal closure (TAC). A bitch was admitted to the veterinary hospital to undergo an elective ovariohysterectomy when it was diagnosed with a diaphragmatic rupture and displacement of the liver and intestinal loops in the chest. After repositioning these structures in the abdominal cavity, tension was observed in the abdomen. A temporary abdominal closure was then performed with a Bogota bag. Immediately after the surgery, the IAP was measured, presenting a value of 15 mmHg, indicating that there was an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The animal was hospitalized, and IAP was monitored. After 24 hours, IAP was 5.8 mmHg when the Bogota bag was removed, and definitive celiorraphy was performed. The patient showed satisfactory clinical progress and was discharged 72 hours after the surgical procedure. The treatment used for IAH proved to be effective and contributed to the quick and satisfactory recovery of the patient.

RESUMO: A hipertensão intra-abdominal (HIA) é o aumento persistente da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA), podendo ser causada por diversas afecções e caraterizada por promover disfunções orgânicas, aumentando a taxa de mortalidade no homem. Em cães e gatos, ainda há poucos relatos da monitoração dessa pressão e do seu tratamento na rotina dos animais admitidos e internados, e sua relação com a mortalidade dos pacientes. Assim, objetivou-se relatar um caso de HIA secundária à ruptura diafragmática crônica em cão, a qual foi tratada com o fechamento abdominal temporário (FAT). Uma cadela foi admitida no hospital veterinário para realização de uma cirurgia de ovário-histerectomia eletiva, quando foi diagnosticada com ruptura diafragmática com fígado e alças intestinais deslocadas para o interior do tórax. Após reposicionamento dessas estruturas na cavidade abdominal, observou-se tensão no abdômen. Realizou-se então o fechamento abdominal temporário com bolsa de Bogotá. Imediatamente após o término da cirurgia, a PIA foi aferida e seu valor era de 15 mmHg, indicando aumento da mesma. O animal foi mantido internado e sua PIA monitorada. Após 24 horas seu valor era de 5,8 mmHg, quando a bolsa de Bogotá foi removida e realizada a celiorrafia definitiva. O paciente teve evolução clínica satisfatória e 72h após a cirurgia recebeu alta hospitalar. O tratamento utilizado para a HIA se mostrou eficaz, contribuindo para a rápida e satisfatória recuperação da paciente.

RESUMEN

Parvoviral enteritis is a common viral infection in dogs and is associated with many clinical and hematological changes. Bacterial translocation is a common complication and may result in sepsis. The objective of this study is to determine the presence of clinical and hematological factors associated with the risk of death in puppies with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Twenty-four dogs with parvoviral enteritis confirmed by chromatographic immunoassay during the clinical routine of a university veterinary hospital were selected. At admission and every 24 hours until the third day of hospitalization or until death, venous blood samples were collected for complete blood count, renal and hepatic biochemistry, and lactate and magnesium measurement; arterial blood samples were collected for gas analysis. Sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium were also analyzed, and a complete physical examination was performed. The factors associated with mortality were evaluated by Cox univariate analysis at a level of significance of 5%. The increase in urea and heart rate was associated with an increase in the risk of death. In contrast, an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, partial pressure of oxygen, base deficit, bicarbonate ion, and oxygen saturation were associated with a reduction in the risk of death.

A enterite por Parvovírus é uma infecção viral comum em cães e é associada a diversas alterações clínicas e hematológicas. A translocação bacteriana é uma complicação comum e pode resultar em sepse. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a presença de fatores clínicos e hematológicos associados ao risco de óbito em filhotes com parvovirose de ocorrência natural e sepse. Vinte e quatro cães com parvovirose, confirmada através de imunoensaio cromatográfico, foram selecionados a partir da rotina clínica do Hospital Veterinário. À admissão e a cada 24 horas até o terceiro dia de hospitalização ou até óbito, amostras de sangue venoso foram coletadas para realização de hemograma, bioquímica renal e hepática, mensuração de lactato e magnésio; amostras de sangue arterial foram coletadas para gasometria. Foram analisados também sódio, potássio e cálcio ionizado, bem como foi realizado o exame físico completo. Os fatores associados à mortalidade foram avaliados através de análise univariada de Cox com um nível de significância de 5%. O aumento da concentração de ureia e da frequência cardíaca foram associados à elevação do risco de óbito. Em contraste, o aumento nos valores de leucócitos totais, linfócitos, monócitos, pressão parcial de oxigênio, déficit de base, íon bicarbonato e saturação de oxigênio foram associados à redução do risco de óbito.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Parvoviral enteritis is a common viral infection in dogs and is associated with many clinical and hematological changes. Bacterial translocation is a common complication and may result in sepsis. The objective of this study is to determine the presence of clinical and hematological factors associated with the risk of death in puppies with naturally occurring parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Twenty-four dogs with parvoviral enteritis confirmed by chromatographic immunoassay during the clinical routine of a university veterinary hospital were selected. At admission and every 24 hours until the third day of hospitalization or until death, venous blood samples were collected for complete blood count, renal and hepatic biochemistry, and lactate and magnesium measurement; arterial blood samples were collected for gas analysis. Sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium were also analyzed, and a complete physical examination was performed. The factors associated with mortality were evaluated by Cox univariate analysis at a level of significance of 5%. The increase in urea and heart rate was associated with an increase in the risk of death. In contrast, an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, partial pressure of oxygen, base deficit, bicarbonate ion, and oxygen saturation were associated with a reduction in the risk of death.(AU)

A enterite por Parvovírus é uma infecção viral comum em cães e é associada a diversas alterações clínicas e hematológicas. A translocação bacteriana é uma complicação comum e pode resultar em sepse. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a presença de fatores clínicos e hematológicos associados ao risco de óbito em filhotes com parvovirose de ocorrência natural e sepse. Vinte e quatro cães com parvovirose, confirmada através de imunoensaio cromatográfico, foram selecionados a partir da rotina clínica do Hospital Veterinário. À admissão e a cada 24 horas até o terceiro dia de hospitalização ou até óbito, amostras de sangue venoso foram coletadas para realização de hemograma, bioquímica renal e hepática, mensuração de lactato e magnésio; amostras de sangue arterial foram coletadas para gasometria. Foram analisados também sódio, potássio e cálcio ionizado, bem como foi realizado o exame físico completo. Os fatores associados à mortalidade foram avaliados através de análise univariada de Cox com um nível de significância de 5%. O aumento da concentração de ureia e da frequência cardíaca foram associados à elevação do risco de óbito. Em contraste, o aumento nos valores de leucócitos totais, linfócitos, monócitos, pressão parcial de oxigênio, déficit de base, íon bicarbonato e saturação de oxigênio foram associados à redução do risco de óbito.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se com este trabalho revisar as principais causas de mortalidade neonatal canina, bem como as formas de prevenção. Nas 3 fases distintas da gestação canina, cuidados específicos podem e devem ser dispensados para garantir a saúde materna e fetal. Por fim, a detecção acurada da data prevista do parto permite que o mesmo seja acompanhado pelo tutor ou veterinário, na busca de minimizar perdas neonatais no pós-parto imediato.

The objective of this paper was to review the main causes of neonatal canine mortality, as well as the forms of prevention. In the three distinct phases of canine gestation, specific care can and should be taken to ensure maternal and fetal health. Finally, the accurate detection of the expected date of delivery allows the same to be accompanied by the owner or veterinarian, in an attempt to minimize neonatal losses in the immediate postpartum period.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

As doenças do sistema reprodutor são comuns na medicina veterinária, e algumas delas requerem tratamento cirúrgico associado ao tratamento clínico. A cirurgia reprodutiva abrange uma variedade de técnicas que visam alterar a capacidade do animal de se reproduzir, auxiliar no parto ou tratar ou prevenir doenças dos órgãos reprodutivo. Objetivou-se descrever nessa revisão particularidades cirúrgicas de distúrbios do sistema reprodutor masculino para tratamento da fimose, parafimose, hipospadia, neoplasia e abscesso prostático, e indicações da orquiectomia; e particularidades cirúrgicas do sistema reprodutor feminino para tratamento da hiperplasia endometrial cística/piometra, neoplasias ovarianas, uterinas, vaginais e mamárias, hiperplasia e prolapso vaginal, e indicações para ovário-histerectomia. Além disso, relatar cinco casos clínicos de patologias do sistema reprodutivo que a resolução foi cirúrgica.

Diseases of the reproductive system are common in veterinary medicine, and some require surgical treatment associated with clinical treatment. Reproductive surgery encompasses a variety of techniques aimed at altering the animal's ability to reproduce, assist in whelping, or treat or prevent diseases of the reproductive organs. We aimed to describe in this review surgical particularities of disorders of the male reproductive system for treatment of phimosis, paraphimosis, hypospadias, neoplasia and prostatic abscess, and orchiectomy indications; and surgical particularities of the female reproductive system for the treatment of endometrial cystic hyperplasia/pyometra, ovarian, uterine, vaginal and mammary neoplasms, hyperplasia and vaginal prolapse, and indications for ovariohysterectomy. In addition, we report five clinical cases of reproductive pathologies that resolution was surgical.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se com este trabalho revisar as principais causas de mortalidade neonatal canina, bem como as formas de prevenção. Nas 3 fases distintas da gestação canina, cuidados específicos podem e devem ser dispensados para garantir a saúde materna e fetal. Por fim, a detecção acurada da data prevista do parto permite que o mesmo seja acompanhado pelo tutor ou veterinário, na busca de minimizar perdas neonatais no pós-parto imediato.(AU)

The objective of this paper was to review the main causes of neonatal canine mortality, as well as the forms of prevention. In the three distinct phases of canine gestation, specific care can and should be taken to ensure maternal and fetal health. Finally, the accurate detection of the expected date of delivery allows the same to be accompanied by the owner or veterinarian, in an attempt to minimize neonatal losses in the immediate postpartum period.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

As doenças do sistema reprodutor são comuns na medicina veterinária, e algumas delas requerem tratamento cirúrgico associado ao tratamento clínico. A cirurgia reprodutiva abrange uma variedade de técnicas que visam alterar a capacidade do animal de se reproduzir, auxiliar no parto ou tratar ou prevenir doenças dos órgãos reprodutivo. Objetivou-se descrever nessa revisão particularidades cirúrgicas de distúrbios do sistema reprodutor masculino para tratamento da fimose, parafimose, hipospadia, neoplasia e abscesso prostático, e indicações da orquiectomia; e particularidades cirúrgicas do sistema reprodutor feminino para tratamento da hiperplasia endometrial cística/piometra, neoplasias ovarianas, uterinas, vaginais e mamárias, hiperplasia e prolapso vaginal, e indicações para ovário-histerectomia. Além disso, relatar cinco casos clínicos de patologias do sistema reprodutivo que a resolução foi cirúrgica.(AU)

Diseases of the reproductive system are common in veterinary medicine, and some require surgical treatment associated with clinical treatment. Reproductive surgery encompasses a variety of techniques aimed at altering the animal's ability to reproduce, assist in whelping, or treat or prevent diseases of the reproductive organs. We aimed to describe in this review surgical particularities of disorders of the male reproductive system for treatment of phimosis, paraphimosis, hypospadias, neoplasia and prostatic abscess, and orchiectomy indications; and surgical particularities of the female reproductive system for the treatment of endometrial cystic hyperplasia/pyometra, ovarian, uterine, vaginal and mammary neoplasms, hyperplasia and vaginal prolapse, and indications for ovariohysterectomy. In addition, we report five clinical cases of reproductive pathologies that resolution was surgical.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Tracheal avulsion is a condition seen in small animals and occurs as a result of a traumatic incident to the cervical and/or thoracic regions. The aim of this study is to report a case of tracheal avulsion in a cat using imaging examinations for diagnostic investigation. In this report, we examined an eight-month-old male, cat of undefined breed, diagnosed with tracheal avulsion using complementary imaging tests. This diagnosis was confirmed with post-mortem examination. Radiographic examination of the patients thorax and a tracheoscopy were performed. These examinations revealed complete discontinuity of the tracheal circumference, the presence of focal and circumscribed dilation of the tracheal lumen and stenosis. The patient quickly died without clinical and surgical intervention. Macroscopic analysis revealed a tracheal diverticulum confirming the findings of the imaging tests. The use of radiographic examinations in conjunction with tracheoscopy was effective at diagnosing this condition.(AU)

A avulsão traqueal é uma condição identificada em pequenos animais e ocorre como resultado de um incidente traumático na região cervical ou torácica. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em relatar um caso de avulsão traqueal em um felino doméstico submetido a exames de imagem para investigação diagnóstica. Um felino, macho, sem raça definida, de oito meses de idade, foi diagnosticado com avulsão traqueal por meio de exames complementares de imagem e com confirmação diagnóstica por exames post mortem. O paciente foi submetido a exames radiográficos do tórax e traqueoscopia. Os achados dos exames de imagem revelaram completa descontinuidade da circunferência traqueal, presença de dilatação focal e circunscrita do lúmen traqueal e estenose. O paciente morreu e não houve tempo hábil para intervenção cirúrgica. Na análise macroscópica identificou-se um divertículo traqueal, confirmando assim, os achados dos exames de imagem. A utilização dos exames radiográficos em conjunto com a traqueoscopia foi efetiva no diagnóstico dessa condição.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: Tracheal avulsion is a condition seen in small animals and occurs as a result of a traumatic incident to the cervical and/or thoracic regions. The aim of this study is to report a case of tracheal avulsion in a cat using imaging examinations for diagnostic investigation. In this report, we examined an eight-month-old male, cat of undefined breed, diagnosed with tracheal avulsion using complementary imaging tests. This diagnosis was confirmed with post-mortem examination. Radiographic examination of the patient's thorax and a tracheoscopy were performed. These examinations revealed complete discontinuity of the tracheal circumference, the presence of focal and circumscribed dilation of the tracheal lumen and stenosis. The patient quickly died without clinical and surgical intervention. Macroscopic analysis revealed a tracheal diverticulum confirming the findings of the imaging tests. The use of radiographic examinations in conjunction with tracheoscopy was effective at diagnosing this condition.

RESUMO: A avulsão traqueal é uma condição identificada em pequenos animais e ocorre como resultado de um incidente traumático na região cervical ou torácica. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em relatar um caso de avulsão traqueal em um felino doméstico submetido a exames de imagem para investigação diagnóstica. Um felino, macho, sem raça definida, de oito meses de idade, foi diagnosticado com avulsão traqueal por meio de exames complementares de imagem e com confirmação diagnóstica por exames post mortem. O paciente foi submetido a exames radiográficos do tórax e traqueoscopia. Os achados dos exames de imagem revelaram completa descontinuidade da circunferência traqueal, presença de dilatação focal e circunscrita do lúmen traqueal e estenose. O paciente morreu e não houve tempo hábil para intervenção cirúrgica. Na análise macroscópica identificou-se um divertículo traqueal, confirmando assim, os achados dos exames de imagem. A utilização dos exames radiográficos em conjunto com a traqueoscopia foi efetiva no diagnóstico dessa condição.

RESUMEN

Bitches with uteri devoid of endometrial glands should be sterile, and consequently could contribute to the population control of dogs. Considering that an inadequate exposure of the female reproductive system to steroids can lead to the formation of the uterine gland knock-out (UGKO) phenotype in some species, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serial applications of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) from birth until the age of six months on the development of endometrial glands in bitches. For this purpose, 16 female mongrel dogs from different litters were distributed into either an MPA group (n = 8), animals treated with 10 mg kg sc (Promone-E®, Pfizer, Brasil) at 3-week intervals, from day one after birth until the age of six months, or a control group (n = 8), composed of animals that only received a 0.9% NaCl solution in place of MPA. At six months of age, ovariohysterectomy was performed and uterine horn samples were collected for histological and immunohistochemical examinations. The bitches from the MPA-treated group presented a 35% decrease in the number of endometrial glands, a larger diameter of the endometrial glands, a greater epithelial height, as well as a greater thickness of the uterine wall, endometrium, and myometrium. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the expression of ER-α, ER-β, and PR on the surface epithelium and endometrial stroma. Therefore, the serial application of MPA from birth until the age of 6 months do not completely ablate the development of the endometrial glands in bitches, but impair it by 35%.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Bitches with uteri devoid of endometrial glands should be sterile, and consequently could contribute to the population control of dogs. Considering that an inadequate exposure of the female reproductive system to steroids can lead to the formation of the uterine gland knock-out (UGKO) phenotype in some species, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serial applications of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) from birth until the age of six months on the development of endometrial glands in bitches. For this purpose, 16 female mongrel dogs from different litters were distributed into either an MPA group (n = 8), animals treated with 10 mg kg sc (Promone-E®, Pfizer, Brasil) at 3-week intervals, from day one after birth until the age of six months, or a control group (n = 8), composed of animals that only received a 0.9% NaCl solution in place of MPA. At six months of age, ovariohysterectomy was performed and uterine horn samples were collected for histological and immunohistochemical examinations. The bitches from the MPA-treated group presented a 35% decrease in the number of endometrial glands, a larger diameter of the endometrial glands, a greater epithelial height, as well as a greater thickness of the uterine wall, endometrium, and myometrium. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the expression of ER-α, ER-β, and PR on the surface epithelium and endometrial stroma. Therefore, the serial application of MPA from birth until the age of 6 months do not completely ablate the development of the endometrial glands in bitches, but impair it by 35%.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Bitches with uteri devoid of endometrial glands should be sterile, and consequently could contribute to the population control of dogs. Considering that an inadequate exposure of the female reproductive system to steroids can lead to the formation of the uterine gland knock-out (UGKO) phenotype in some species, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serial applications of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) from birth until the age of six months on the development of endometrial glands in bitches. For this purpose, 16 female mongrel dogs from different litters were distributed into either an MPA group (n = 8), animals treated with 10 mg kg sc (Promone-E®, Pfizer, Brasil) at 3-week intervals, from day one after birth until the age of six months, or a control group (n = 8), composed of animals that only received a 0.9% NaCl solution in place of MPA. At six months of age, ovariohysterectomy was performed and uterine horn samples were collected for histological and immunohistochemical examinations. The bitches from the MPA-treated group presented a 35% decrease in the number of endometrial glands, a larger diameter of the endometrial glands, a greater epithelial height, as well as a greater thickness of the uterine wall, endometrium, and myometrium. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in the expression of ER-α, ER-ß, and PR on the surface epithelium and endometrial stroma. Therefore, the serial application of MPA from birth until the age of 6 months do not completely ablate the development of the endometrial glands in bitches, but impair it by 35%.

RESUMEN

O sexo genético é estabelecido no momento da fertilização, e os sexos gonadal e fenotípico durante o período de desenvolvimento embrionário. Quando há alguma alteração nesse desenvolvimento, os animais podem apresentar hermafroditismo. Cães pseudo-hermafroditas masculino podem apresentar a síndrome da persistência dos ductos de Müller, causada pela presença de um gene autossômico recessivo. Esses indivíduos possuem cariótipo 78 XY, genitália externa masculina, porém apresentam internamente uma porção cranial da vagina, corpo e corno uterinos, tubas uterinas e cérvix. O presente trabalho relata os achados clínicos, ultrassonográficos, histopatológicos e citogenético de um cão da raça Schnauzer pseudo-hermafrodita masculino com a síndrome da persistência dos ductos de Müller associada a piometra e criptorquidismo.

Genetic sex is established at the time of fertilization, and gonadal and phenotypic sex during the period of embryonic development. When there is a change in this development, the animals may present hermaphroditism. Male pseudo-hermaphrodite dogs may present the Müllerian persistence duct syndrome, caused by the presence of an autosomal recessive gene. These individuals have a 78 XY karyotype, male external genitalia, but internally present a cranial portion of the vagina, body and horn of the uterus, uterine tubes and cervix. The present study reports the clinical, ultrasonographic, histopathological and cytogenetic findings of a Schnauzer pseudohermaphrodite male dog with Müllerian persistence duct syndrome associated with pyometra and cryptorchidism.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O sexo genético é estabelecido no momento da fertilização, e os sexos gonadal e fenotípico durante o período de desenvolvimento embrionário. Quando há alguma alteração nesse desenvolvimento, os animais podem apresentar hermafroditismo. Cães pseudo-hermafroditas masculino podem apresentar a síndrome da persistência dos ductos de Müller, causada pela presença de um gene autossômico recessivo. Esses indivíduos possuem cariótipo 78 XY, genitália externa masculina, porém apresentam internamente uma porção cranial da vagina, corpo e corno uterinos, tubas uterinas e cérvix. O presente trabalho relata os achados clínicos, ultrassonográficos, histopatológicos e citogenético de um cão da raça Schnauzer pseudo-hermafrodita masculino com a síndrome da persistência dos ductos de Müller associada a piometra e criptorquidismo.(AU)

Genetic sex is established at the time of fertilization, and gonadal and phenotypic sex during the period of embryonic development. When there is a change in this development, the animals may present hermaphroditism. Male pseudo-hermaphrodite dogs may present the Müllerian persistence duct syndrome, caused by the presence of an autosomal recessive gene. These individuals have a 78 XY karyotype, male external genitalia, but internally present a cranial portion of the vagina, body and horn of the uterus, uterine tubes and cervix. The present study reports the clinical, ultrasonographic, histopathological and cytogenetic findings of a Schnauzer pseudohermaphrodite male dog with Müllerian persistence duct syndrome associated with pyometra and cryptorchidism.(AU)

Asunto(s)