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A case of meningioangiomatosis, resected from the parietal lobe in a 31-year-old female is presented. Macroscopically, the lesion was composed of five calcified nodules embedded within hardened elastic tissue. Histologically, cortical and subcortical calcified masses were found surrounded by a palisade of spindle and/or oval cells. In adjacent nervous tissue many pathological microvessels were observed and some were ensheathed by a perivascular proliferation of spindle cells. Moreover, gliosis with Rosenthal fibers and prominent connective tissue elements were observed. Immunohistochemical analysis based on monoclonal antibodies was performed. The spindle cells both within the palisades and the perivascular proliferations were vimentin and usually epithelial membrane antigenpositive. The possible pathogenesis of meningioangiomatosis is discussed and the role of angiogenesis within this lesion emphasized.

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The authors present a case of a 14-years old boy, in whom, after a mild trauma, massive signs of cervical spinal cord injury appeared. Isolated odontoid process with instability of atlanto-axial complex proved to be the cause. In course of therapy with methylprednisolone and rehabilitation full recovery was achieved. The operative management consisted in posterior interlaminar stabilization C1-C2 with autologous bone transplant and titanium cable (Sof'wire). The etiology of this disturbance is discussed and operation method is presented.

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The authors present 3 rare cases of metastases to the spinal cord and cauda equina. In 2 cases the tumours were of epithelial, and in the third neuroepithelial origin. In one case the tumour was localized in the thoracic segment of spinal cord, and in the second case in the conus and cauda equina, whereas in the third at the cauda equina. The diagnosis was established by CT and myelography. Total removal of the tumour in the cauda equina was carried out. The most significant neurologic symptoms in the two cases were pain and paresis in one case. In our series the rate of metastases to intramedullary and cauda equina constitute 11.1% of all metastases to vertebral column and vertebral canal, and 8% of all epithelial metastases to central nervous system. Death were reported in all the patients within the 1st-5th month of diagnosis of tumour in the spinal cord.

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The present authors investigated the excretion, distribution and pharmacokinetics of the novel potential antirheumatic agent flobufen and its active metabolite after p.o. and i.v. doses of 2, 10 and 50 mg/kg administered to rats. The drug is resorbed well from the digestive tract and mostly it is metabolized to the principal metabolite M, which is only slowly excreted from the organism mainly by renal clearance. Within the whole dose range the kinetics of the drug is linear. Binding of flobufen and M to proteins is high (95-99%). The highest concentrations of radioactive metabolites (mostly M) were found in the plasma, liver, lungs, kidneys, connective tissue and inflammatory foci. The penetration of metabolites through the placenta and excretion in human milk are relatively important.

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The disposition of cloflumide (VUFB 15496), 2-chloro-7-fluoro-10 [4-(carbamoylethyl)piperazino]-10,11-dihydrodibenzo [b,f] thiepin methansulfonate, a new neuroleptic agent, following single oral and intravenous dose was studied in the rat using radiotracer techniques. [3H]Cloflumide was almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; peak plasma levels of the parent drug were attained within 4 h of oral drug administration. The mean residence time of the unchanged drug was 2.75 h after intravenous administration. The total neuroleptic activity in plasma determined by radioreceptor assay paralleled with plasma cloflumide level indicating that the dopamine inhibiting action is mediated solely by the parent drug. Concentration of radioactive substances was high in the liver and kidneys; in the brain was slightly higher than blood level. Total radioactive meterial as well as unchanged cloflumide were mostly excreted in feces (87 and 10%, respectively). At 3 days postdosing, 96% of the administered dose was recovered.

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The radioreceptor assay (RRA) was used to quantitate plasma triazolam concentrations in eight female volunteers following single 0.5 mg doses of two tablet formulations in a cross-over study. Bioavailability in terms of area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC0 infinity), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to maximum (tmax), and mean residence time (MRT) was not statistically significantly different from one formulation to the other.

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The pharmacokinetics of oral terguride 1 mg was evaluated in a single-dose study in 8 patients with a prolactinoma and one with acromegaly. A radioreceptor assay was used to measure the plasma levels of terguride. The peak plasma concentration (2.3 +/- 0.7 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) was attained within 1 h of drug administration. Moment analysis gave a mean residence time of 4.3 +/- 0.6 h. Plasma prolactin was also determined by radioimmunoassay. The plasma prolactin was reduced to 30 +/- 3% of its pretreatment value after 4 h.

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Tritium labelled anti-migraine drug 4-(1-methyl-4-piperidyliden)-4,9-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]-2-b enzothiepine (pipethiaden) was prepared. After oral and intravenous administration to rats not only the courses of total radioactivity in plasma and various organs were determined, but by means of TLC-radiometry also the levels of pipethiaden itself. After the oral dose 1.35 mg/kg the plasma levels of pipethiaden did not exceed 3.5 ng/ml. Some pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g. t1/2 el-4 h) were calculated by compartmental analysis of plasma levels.

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3H-benfluorone administered orally to rats, persists for a long time in the stomach; it is absorbed only partly and eliminated mostly through the feces (about 80% within 7 days). The maximum levels in the blood and the organs were determined in the 1st and 9th hour after application. Benflurone penetrates through the placentary barrier. Within one week 13% of the administered radioactivity was eliminated through the urine and 8% through the bile within 12 h. It has been demonstrated that benflurone was excreted through the milk, as well. After being administered intravenously, benflurone moves quickly from the blood into the tissues. The high levels were recorded in the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, the brain and the liver. After intravenous application about 70% of the administered radioactivity was eliminated within one week through the feces and about 24% through the urine, almost 54% through the bile within 12 h.

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The development of a sensitive radioreceptor assay (RRA) for transdihydrolisuride (TDHL) and lisuride, as well as the synthesis of tritiated TDHL, is described. The method is based upon the competition between 3H TDHL and TDHL or lisuride for rat brain dopaminergic receptors. Linear calibration graphs were obtained in the range of 0.2-9 pmol for an ergot derivative. Relative affinities of the main metabolites, deethylated and dideethylated on the urea part of the molecule are 3.6% and 1.5%, respectively, as compared to the parent drug. To verify the method, plasma levels of TDHL were determined in rats after oral administration.

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