RESUMEN
The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith), is considered a major corn pest in North America. In 2009, it started invading the province of Québec (northeastern Canada). To our knowledge, there has been no evidence that this pest could overwinter in this province. In the falls of 2017 and 2018, storage totes containing mature western bean cutworm larvae were placed in the soil in three agricultural regions, in Québec, where western bean cutworm invasions are frequent and crop damage is often significant. The goal was to evaluate if western bean cutworm could resist the province's winter conditions. The storage totes were removed from the soil at different dates to estimate winter survival. Emergence cages were installed over the totes in the spring of the following year to determine whether western bean cutworm could complete its life cycle. In the spring of 2019, car shelters were also installed at two different sites to evaluate natural moth emergences in fields in which numerous mature western bean cutworm larvae and damage were reported in 2018. Western bean cutworm moth emergences occurred in both cases. These experiments constitute the first documented evidence that western bean cutworm can overwinter and complete its life cycle in Québec's cold climate. It also represents the northernmost overwintering survival for this species ever documented in North America. The western bean cutworm's ability to overwinter in Québec will have important implications for corn producers. Pest monitoring and management programs in the province of Québec will need to be adapted accordingly.
Asunto(s)
Mariposas Nocturnas , Animales , Canadá , Larva , América del Norte , QuebecRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine salivary cortisol reference intervals in a healthy adult population, at 6 different time points during a 24-hour (h) period. METHODS: In a prospective study, salivary cortisol concentrations were measured upon waking, one-hour post-waking and at specific times of the day: at 12â¯h00, 16â¯h00, 20â¯h00 and midnight. Samples were analyzed by the first and second-generation electrochemiluminescence assays (ECLIA) from Roche Cobas Cortisol®. RESULTS: Salivary cortisol values were obtained from 134 healthy volunteers. Reference intervals for the first-generation assay were 6.14-33.19â¯nmol/L (95% prediction interval) at waking, 5.42-28.06â¯nmol/L one-hour post-waking, 3.62-16.23â¯nmol/L at 12â¯h00, 2.78-15.27â¯nmol/L at 16â¯h00, 2.08-14.90â¯nmol/L at 20â¯h00 and 2.09-16.92â¯nmol/L at midnight. Mean salivary cortisol values were 14.63â¯nmol/L at waking and 6.44â¯nmol/L at midnight. Reference intervals for the second-generation assay were 1.50-22.02â¯nmol/L (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles) at waking, 1.50-20.87â¯nmol/L one-hour post-waking, 1.50-12.51â¯nmol/L at 12â¯h00, 1.50-13.03â¯nmol/L at 16â¯h00, 1.50-9.52â¯nmol/L at 20â¯h00 and 1.50-6.28â¯nmol/L at midnight. Values for the second-generation assay at all 6 different time points were almost half of the first-generation assay. The second-generation assay showed a better correlation with LC-MS/MS (râ¯=â¯0,97). CONCLUSION: Our study confirms that reference intervals for salivary cortisol are not comparable across first and second-generation Roche Cobas Cortisol® assays. Furthermore, the second-generation assay has a better correlation with LC-MS/MS and a better analytical performance (accuracy and precision).
Asunto(s)
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Saliva/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Caminata/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Promyelocytic leukemia zinc-finger (PLZF) is a transcriptional repressor that regulates proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis among various cellular origins. PLZF expression is upregulated in colorectal cancer cell lines but its putative functional role in this context is unknown. Here, we report the identification of a novel p65 PLZF isoform that results from the usage of an evolutionarily conserved alternative translational initiation site. This isoform is devoid of the classical BTB/POZ domain required for nuclear localization and transcriptional repression. Depletion of p65 PLZF expression in colorectal cancer cell lines results in reduction of cell growth, loss of cell anchorage and increase in cell apoptosis. Overall, these results indicate that p65 PLZF is crucial to maintain colorectal cancer cell adhesion as well as survival and must occur independently of the traditionally viewed transcriptional role of PLZF in the course of these biological processes.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/metabolismo , Animales , Adhesión Celular , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Inmunohistoquímica , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/genética , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Proteína de la Leucemia Promielocítica con Dedos de Zinc , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Trasplante Heterólogo , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
The CCAAT-Displacement-Protein (CUX1) can transcriptionally repress sucraseisomaltase gene expression, a specific product of enterocytes that becomes re-expressed during human colonic polyposis. Little is known of the gene repertoire that is directly affected by CUX1 in the intestinal epithelial context. This article identifies the Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger (PLZF) gene as a transcriptional target for the CUX1 repressor. CUX1 interacts in vivo with multiple DNA-binding sites in the 5'-UTR and promoter of the PLZF gene in colorectal cancer cells, a region that is functionally targeted by CUX1 in cotransfection assays. PLZF was found to be induced in colorectal cancer cell lines, correlating with a low detectable level of CUX1, a pattern that was reversed in normal human colonocytes. Reduction of p200CUX1 expression by RNAi in the Caco-2/15 cell line increased PLZF gene transcript expression. Because of the implication of Plzf in the regulation of stem cell maintenance, as well as Wnt and Ras signaling, in other systems, our observations suggest that the novel genetic relationship between CUX1 and PLZF could be of relevance to human diseases, such as leukemia, and open up a new field of investigation for the implication of these regulators during intestinal polyposis and cancer.