RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To test a simplified blood pressure device called Rastreometro that could be used by the Health Agents. METHODS: The Rastreometro has been developed from an ordinary aneroid sphygmomanometer, in which the numeric display is covered by an adhesive with a red zone, indicating pressures equal or above 140 mmHg and a yellow zone indicating pressures below 140 mmHg. The onset of oscillations of the aneroid needle is taken as an indication of the systolic pressure value. The measurements made by the Rastreometro were compared with those made by the auscultatory method, and were carried out in 268 patients, by two operators. The influence on the results of confounding variables such as age, gender, BMI, arm length, upper arm circumference, skin colour and antihypertensive treatment were taken into consideration, as well as intra and interobserver variation. RESULTS: In the whole group, sensitivity was 95.1%, specificity was 63.1%, positive predictive value was 62.4% and negative predictive value was 95.3%. Hypertensive treatment significantly affected specificity, 32.7% as compared to 77.8% for the non-treated group. Both operators improved their results over time. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the Rastreometro technique, as a screener for hypertension, has good sensitivity. Concerning specificity, it is acceptable, provided the patient is not on regular antihypertensive treatment. In this latter situation, it can be improved by a proper standardization of the method to read the systolic pressure by needle oscillations. Furthermore, the use of this technique requires well trained operators.
Asunto(s)
Determinación de la Presión Sanguínea/instrumentación , Monitores de Presión Sanguínea/normas , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Calibración , Niño , Países en Desarrollo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Testar um novo dispositivo simplificado de medição chamado rastreômetro, que poderia ser usado pelos Agentes de Saúde. MÉTODOS: O rastreômetro foi desenvolvido a partir de um esfigmomanômetro aneróide convencional, no qual se cobriu o visor do aneróide com um adesivo, cujo desenho tem uma faixa vermelha, indicativa de pressões > 140 mmHg e uma faixa amarela, indicativa de pressões < 140 mmHg. O início das oscilações da agulha do esfigmomanômetro é considerado indicativo da pressão arterial sistólica. As medições pelo rastreômetro foram comparadas com aquelas realizadas pelo método auscultatório em 268 pacientes, por dois operadores. A influência, sobre os resultados, de variáveis que podem causar confusão, como idade, sexo, IMC, comprimento do braço, circunferência do braço, cor da pele e presença de tratamento anti-hipertensivo, foram levadas em consideração, assim como a variação intra e interobservador. RESULTADOS: No grupo como um todo, a sensibilidade foi de 95,1 por cento, a especificidade foi de 63,1 por cento, o valor preditivo positivo foi de 62,4 por cento e o valor preditivo negativo foi de 95,3 por cento. O tratamento anti-hipertensivo afetou significativamente a especificidade, de 32,7 por cento, em comparação com 77,8 por cento, no grupo não medicado. Os dois operadores melhoraram seus resultados ao longo do tempo. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que a técnica do rastreômetro, como método de triagem para hipertensão, tem boa sensibilidade. Quanto à especificidade, ela é aceitável se os pacientes não estiverem sob tratamento anti-hipertensivo regular. Nesse último caso, pode ser melhorada pela padronização adequada da leitura da pressão sistólica pelas oscilações da agulha. Além disto, o uso dessa técnica requer operadores bem treinados.
OBJECTIVE: To test a simplified blood pressure device called Rastreometro that could be used by the Health Agents. METHODS: The Rastreometro has been developed from an ordinary aneroid sphygmomanometer, in which the numeric display is covered by an adhesive with a red zone, indicating pressures equal or above 140 mmHg and a yellow zone indicating pressures below 140 mmHg. The onset of oscillations of the aneroid needle is taken as an indication of the systolic pressure value. The measurements made by the Rastreometro were compared with those made by the auscultatory method, and were carried out in 268 patients, by two operators. The influence on the results of confounding variables such as age, gender, BMI, arm length, upper arm circunference, skin colour and antihypertensive treatment were taken into consideration, as well as intra and interobserver variation. RESULTS: In the whole group, sensitivity was 95.1 percent, specificity was 63.1 percent, positive preditive value was 62.4 percent and negative preditive value was 95.3 percent. Hypertensive treatment significantly affected specificity, 32.7 percent as compared to 77.8 percent for the non-treated group. Both operators improved their results over time. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the Rastreometro technique, as a screener for hypertension, has good sensitivity. Concerning specificity, it is acceptable, provided the patient is not on regular antihypertensive treatment. In this latter situation, it can be improved by a proper standardization of the method to read the systolic pressure by needle oscillations. Furthermore, the use of this technique requires well trained operators.