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The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex in a murine model with different treatments with MTA Angelus, NeoMTA, and TheraCal PT. An in vivo controlled experimental study of 15 male Wistar rats forming three study groups, the upper and lower central incisors were selected where pulpotomies were conducted, leaving a central incisor as control at 15, 30, and 45 days. For data analysis, these were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and were examined by Kruskal-Wallis test. Three factors were analyzed as follows: "inflammatory infiltrate; disorganization of pulp tissue, and the formation of reparative dentin". No statistical significance was found between the different groups (p > 0.05). Treatment with these three biomaterials (MTA, TheraCal PT, and Neo MTA) presented an inflammatory infiltrate and slight disorganization of the odontoblast layer in the pulp tissue of a murine model, with normal coronary pulp tissue and the formation of reparative dentin in the three experimental groups. Thus, we are able to conclude that all three are biocompatible materials.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of propolis on non- surgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) as it appears in the recent literature. Propolis is a natural and biocompatible resinous substance that has shown, by means of several scientific studies, to possess medicinal properties such as antimicrobial, healing, anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic, among others. There are several studies that have reported the use of propolis as a non- surgical treatment of CP, its comparison with other antimicrobials, and the improvement of clinical and microbiological parameters with scaling and root planing (SRP). A bibliographic search was conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases up to 2021. The results showed that there are very few reports focused on clinical studies; however, according to the analyzed data, propolis could be a good adjuvant for the treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis compared to the conventional treatment (SRP).

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto del propóleo sobre la terapia periodontal no quirúrgica en pacientes con periodontitis crónica (PC) en la literatura reciente. El propóleo es una sustancia resinosa natural y biocompatible que ha sido demostrado a través de varios estudios científicos que posee propiedades medicinales como antimicrobianas, cicatrizantes, anestésicas, antiinflamatorias, analgésicas, entre otras. Existen varios estudios que han reportado el uso del propóleo como tratamiento no quirúrgico de la PC y su comparación con otros antimicrobianos y la mejora de los parámetros clínicos y microbiológicos con el raspado y alisado radicular (SRP). Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos directas de PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science y Science hasta el 2021. Los resultados muestran que existen muy pocos reportes enfocados a estudios clínicos, sin embargo, según los datos analizados, el propóleo podría ser un buen adyuvante para el tratamiento de pacientes con periodontitis crónica en comparación con el tratamiento convencional (SRP).

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Abstract Caries is a multifactorial disease that can negatively affect dental tissues through the demineralization process, which produces acids deriving from the metabolism of carbohydrates. Some strategies to prevent this process have been proposed, such as topical fluoride application, resin-based restorations, pit and fissures sealers, infiltrated resins, vaccines, mouthwashes, and several brushing techniques. Objective. To evaluate in vitro enamel hydrophobic modification as a method of prevention against demineralization. A descriptive and comparative study was carried out. Thirty premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were obtained, encapsulated in epoxy resin, sectioned, and sanded to obtain specimens 3mm in thickness. The samples were pretreated with NaOCl and EDTA, incubated with 1 and 4% octadeyltrichlorosilane (OTS) or with 3 and 6% octadecyltriethoxysilane (TEOS) for 5min and for 8h. Subsequently, the samples were immersed in citric acid for 2 months. The samples were analyzed by their contact angle, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic and confocal force, before and after treatment in citric acid. The samples coated with 1 and 4% OTS for 5min and 8h kept the silanizing agent on their surface after 2 months in citric acid. The treatment with TEOS was only effective at 6% with a reaction time of 5min. The modification with 1 and 4% OTS protects the surface of the tooth enamel from demineralization in acidic medium. The results indicate that treatment with 4% OTS is effective from 5min, which makes it appropriate in clinical practice.

Resumen Introducción. Caries es una enfermedad multifactorial que destruye en tejido dental por la desmineralización de ácidos generados en el metabolismo de carbohidratos. Algunos métodos preventivos, como fluoruro, resinas, selladores de fosetas y fisuras, resinas infiltradas, vacunas, enjuagues bucales, y un sinfín de técnicas de cepillado, han sido empleadas. Objetivo. Evaluar in vitro la modificación hidrofoba del esmalte como método preventivo en contra de la desmineralización. Materiales y Métodos. Un estudio decriptivo y comparativo fue empleado. Se obtuvieron treinta premolares sanos extraidos por razones ortodónticas y encapsulados en resina epóxica, seccionados y pulidos hasta obtener especímenes de 3mm de grosor. Las muestras fueron pretratadas con NaOCl y EDTA, incubadas en octadeciltriclosorilano (OTS) al 1 y 4% y octadeciltrietoxisilano (TEOS) 3 y 6% por 5min y 8h. Después, las muestras fueron sumergidas en ácido cítrico por 2 meses. Las muestras fueron analizadas con ángulo de contacto, espectroscopía infrarroja, microscopía electrónica de barrido, atómica y confocal, antes y después de tratamiento con ácido cítrico. Resultados. Las muestras cubiertas con OTS 1 y 4% por 5min y 8h mantuvieron el agente silanizante sobre la superficie después de 2 meses en ácido cítrico. El tratamiento con TEOS fue efectivo al 6% y con un tiempo de reacción de 5min. Conclusiones. La modificación con 1 y 4% de OTS proteje la superficie del esmalte dental contra la desmineralización en un medio ácido. Estos resultados indican que el tratamiento con OTS 4% es efectivo desde 5min de aplicación, lo cual es apropiado en la práctica clínica.

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In previous work, we developed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (DLG-K1) lacking the main monosaccharide transporters (hxt-null) and displaying high xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulokinase activities. This strain proved to be a useful chassis strain to study new glucose/xylose transporters, as SsXUT1 from Scheffersomyces stipitis. Proteins with high amino acid sequence similarity (78-80%) to SsXUT1 were identified from Spathaspora passalidarum and Spathaspora arborariae genomes. The characterization of these putative transporter genes (SpXUT1 and SaXUT1, respectively) was performed in the same chassis strain. Surprisingly, the cloned genes could not restore the ability to grow in several monosaccharides tested (including glucose and xylose), but after being grown in maltose, the uptake of 14C-glucose and 14C-xylose was detected. While SsXUT1 lacks lysine residues with high ubiquitinylation potential in its N-terminal domain and displays only one in its C-terminal domain, both SpXUT1 and SaXUT1 transporters have several such residues in their C-terminal domains. A truncated version of SpXUT1 gene, deprived of the respective 3'-end, was cloned in DLG-K1 and allowed growth and fermentation in glucose or xylose. In another approach, two arrestins known to be involved in the ubiquitinylation and endocytosis of sugar transporters (ROD1 and ROG3) were knocked out, but only the rog3 mutant allowed a significant improvement of growth and fermentation in glucose when either of the XUT permeases were expressed. Therefore, for the efficient heterologous expression of monosaccharide (e.g., glucose/xylose) transporters in S. cerevisiae, we propose either the removal of lysines involved in ubiquitinylation and endocytosis or the use of chassis strains hampered in the specific mechanism of membrane protein turnover.

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the age-related anatomical changes that take place at the cementodentinal junction (CDJ). METHODS: Eighty-four teeth were extracted; 42 samples came from patients ranging in age from 18 to 30 years, and 42 came from patients aged from 40 to 60 years. Upper and lower and anterior and posterior teeth were included. Longitudinal slices were made, and 1% toluidine blue was used to stain all the samples prior to microscopic examination. Anatomical landmarks (apical foramen [AF], apical vertex, and cementoenamel junction) in the apical third were identified, and a pre-calibrated software package was employed to take digital measurements. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. RESULTS: The data obtained showed that there were anatomical variations in the apical third in the older patients and that these changes were related to the age of the patient. Narrower root canals and smaller CDJ diameters were found in older patients' samples. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that instrumentation and obturation should take place 1 mm from the AF in older patients, and not 0.5 mm, as is usually recommended.

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Los instrumentos rotatorios utilizados en el tratamiento de conductos dentales necesitan cumplir con ciertas características físicas que le confieran un uso correcto, adecuado y seguro para su uso clínico. En el mercado comercial existen una serie de instrumentos importados que dejan en duda la autenticidad de estos debido a sus bajos costos. En este estudio evaluamos física, química y morfológicamente dos kits de instrumentos rotatorios Protaper universal (Dentsply) mediante análisis de MEB, EDX, microdureza y EDS. Uno de los kits (grupo 1) se adquirió directamente de la casa comercial y otro kit importado que a simple vista no parecía cumplir con los estándares de calidad de un correcto empaquetado (grupo 2). En el análisis de MEB se observaron características morfológicas muy diferentes entre ambos kits, el grupo 2 presentó diversas irregularidades en la superficie de las limas, sin embargo, en el EDS no se encontró diferencia alguna. En cuanto al análisis de microdureza se observó una estadística estadísticamente significativa y en el EDS se observaron mayores picos de intensidad en cuanto a la aleación de Ni-Ti en el grupo 2. Estos resultados sugieren que existen instrumentos rotatorios importados que a pesar de su bajo costo pueden presentar ciertas características muy similares a los kits auténticos, sin embargo, física y químicamente pueden resultar en un riesgo para su uso clínico debido a la diferencia entre estos.

Rotatory files are instruments used in the treatment of dental canals roots. These instruments need to comply with certain physical characteristics for a correct, adequate and safe use for clinical use. In the commercial market there are a series of imported instruments that cast doubt on their authenticity due to their low costs. In this study we physically, chemically and morphologically evaluated two Protaper universal rotary instrument kits (Dentsply) using SEM, EDX, microhardness and EDS analysis. One of the kits (group 1) was purchased directly from the commercial house and another imported kit that a simple view did not seem to meet the quality standards of a correct packaging (group 2). In the SEM analysis, very different morphological characteristics were observed between both kits, group 2 presented various irregularities on the surface of the files, however, no difference was found in the EDS. Regarding the microhardness analysis, a statistically significant statistic was observed and in the EDS, higher intensity peaks were observed in terms of the Ni-Ti alloy in group 2. These results suggest that there are imported rotary instruments that despite their low cost can present characteristics very similar to authentic kits, however, physically and chemically they can result in a risk for their clinical use due to the difference between them.

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Objetivo: Identificar y analizar en la literatura científica reciente el uso de la oximetría de pulso como método diagnóstico de vitalidad pulpar. Metodología: En este trabajo se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura en las plataformas de PubMed y Google Académico, en la cual se analizó el uso de la oximetría de pulso en el diagnóstico y monitoreo odontológico del estado pulpar. Resultados: Después de una exhaustiva revisión, y de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se analizaron 21 artículos. La mayoría de los trabajos consideran la oximetría de pulso un método alternativo de diagnóstico indoloro, seguro y eficaz; sin embargo, la adaptación de un instrumento de uso exclusivo odontológico es necesaria para una medición exacta de la saturación de oxígeno en la pulpa dental. Los avances tecnológicos en el campo clínico de la odontología nos han llevado a la búsqueda de nuevas técnicas diagnósticas clínicas para mejorar la atención y los tratamientos de los pacientes que acuden día con día a recibir una consulta odontológica. Conclusiones: En los últimos años la oximetría de pulso ha demostrado ser una herramienta de diagnóstico eficaz para el diagnóstico de la vitalidad pulpar. El análisis de los artículos incluidos en esta revisión concluye que la oximetría de pulso es una técnica innovadora que puede ser utilizada como una herramienta diagnóstica adyuvante en el diagnóstico de la vitalidad pulpar (AU)

Objective: To identify and analyze in the recent scientific literature the use of pulse oximetry as a diagnostic method for pulp vitality. Methodology: In this work, a literature review was carried out on the PubMed and Google Scholar platforms in which the use of pulse oximetry in the dental diagnosis and monitoring of pulp status was analyzed. Results: After an exhaustive review and in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were analyzed. Most of the studies consider pulse oximetry an alternative method of painless, safe and effective diagnosis, however, the adaptation of an instrument for exclusive dental use is necessary for an exact measurement of the oxygen saturation in the dental pulp. Technological advances in the clinical field of dentistry have led us to search for new clinical diagnostic techniques to improve the care and treatment of patients who come every day to receive a dental consultation. Conclusions: In recent years, pulse oximetry has proven to be an effective diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of pulp vitality. The analysis of the articles included in this review concludes that pulse oximetry is an innovative technique that can be used as an adjunct diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of pulp vitality (AU)

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El surgimiento de infecciones originadas por el SARS-CoV-2 en el humano ha desencadenado una serie de conflictos de salud, económicos y sociales en el entorno mundial. El área odontológica debe poseer todo el conocimiento necesario acerca de esta pandemia debido a que, como profesionales de la salud y responsables de la condición bucal de la sociedad, es de vital importancia disminuir el riesgo que presentan las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, cáncer, obesidad y otras, así como de los adultos mayores para que no generen un problema de salud severo y que además puedan ser asociadas con la presencia del COVID-19. Es importante conocer cuáles son las pautas por considerar en la práctica odontológica para una atención odontológica oportuna y eficaz manteniendo la bioseguridad del personal de salud. Por lo tanto, se genera esta guía de atención odontológica basada en la evidencia científica publicada para el conocimiento y dominio del profesional de salud oral (AU)

The emergence of human infections caused by SRAS-CoV-2 has triggered a series of health, economic and social conflicts in the global environment. The dental area must have all the necessary knowledge about this pandemic because, as a health professional and responsible for the oral condition of society, it is vitally important to reduce the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases, cancer, obesity and others, as well as older adults so that they do not generate a health problem and that may also be associated with the presence of COVID-19. It is important to know the problems of the guidelines to consider in dental practice for effective dental care and biosafety of health personnel. Therefore, this dental care guide is generated based on published scientific evidence for the knowledge and domain of the oral health professional (AU)

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ABSTRACT To describe the relationship of oral diseases and nutritional status in high school students. A total of 203 high school students were evaluated nutritionally and orally according to the World Health Organization (WHO). A descriptive analysis, frequency, average tables, and a statistical analysis (Spearman correlation test) were performed with SPSS ver. 22 statistical software for Windows. Nutritionally, 146 students showed a normal Body Mass Index (BMI), six had malnutrition, 41 had overweight, and 10 had obesity. In the oral evaluation, the average number of caries was 3.08 ± 2.78, malnutrition showed 3.6, overweight 2.75, and obesity, 2.9. The risk of caries can be increases the greater the age, height, weight, skin-fold thickness, and periodontal disease. There is no significant statistical correlation between oral diseases and nutritional issues; however, qualitative analyses of patients with dental loss or oral diseases express significant deficiencies in their nutritional health.

RESUMEN Describir la relación de enfermedades orales y estado nutricional en estudiantes de secundaria. Se evaluaron nutricionalmente y oralmente de acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud a 203 estudiantes de secundaria. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, frecuencia, tablas de promedio y un análisis estadístico (prueba de correlación de Spearman) con el software SPSS versión 22 para Windows. Nutricionalmente 146 estudiantes mostraron un índice de masa corporal normal, 6 con malnutrición, 41 con sobrepeso y 10 con obesidad. En la evaluación oral el promedio de caries fue de 3.08 ± 2.78, desnutrición mostró 3.6, sobrepeso 2.75 y obesidad 2.9. A mayor edad, altura, peso, grosor de los pliegues cutáneos y la enfermedad periodontal el riesgo aumenta. No existe una correlación estadística significativa entre enfermedades orales con cuestiones nutricionales, sin embargo, los análisis cualitativos de pacientes con pérdida dental o enfermedades orales expresan deficiencias importantes en su salud nutricional.

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Abstract 24. Dental trauma, mainly from the anterior area of the mouth in the incisor teeth at the level of the radicular third, has the extraction of the dental organ as an elective treatment, depending on the severity of the lesion and the site where it presented. This paper reports two cases: one in a young 13-year-old male patient with dental trauma in central incisors, and another in an 18-year-old female patient with radicular reabsorption in central incisors. Both were treated using trans-endodontic implants on teeth 2.1 and 1.1-2.2 each case, respectively. The treatment approach proposed for each case provided good functional and esthetic outcomes. Clinical and radiographic results after 1 year were successful.

Resumen 28. El traumatismo dental del área anterior de la boca en los dientes incisivos a nivel del tercio radicular, indica la extracción del órgano dental como un tratamiento electivo dependiendo de la gravedad de la lesión y el sitio donde se presentó. Este artículo reporta dos casos: uno en un paciente masculino joven de 13 años con trauma dental en los incisivos centrales y otro en una paciente de 18 años con reabsorción radicular en los incisivos centrales. Ambos fueron tratados con implantes trans-endodónticos en los dientes 2.1 y 1.1-2.2 en cada caso, respectivamente. El enfoque de tratamiento propuesto para cada caso proporcionó buenos resultados funcionales y estéticos. Los resultados clínicos y radiográficos después de 1 año fueron exitosos.

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ABSTRACT Fanconi Anemia (FA) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease that is linked to Chromosome X, which is reported in studies with pancytopenia, congenital malformations, and a predisposition to develop cancer. FA 1,360,000 births, and is a condition that occurs in heterozygous subjects in 0.5% of the population. In Mexico, there are, to our knowledge, no epidemiological data on FA, and it is thought that many cases are underdiagnosed. This document reports the clinical case of a patient diagnosed with FA who the cardinal signs of this rare pathology. The pediatric approach involved was performed with a preventive and restorative approach, in addition to the design and placement of a palatal shutter. After a follow-up of more than 12 months, a significant reduction in the recurrence of infections, such as otitis, tonsillitis, and pharyngitis, was observed, suggesting a positive influence of the use of the obturator. In turn with the latter, there was a lower need for transfusions, which may also be related to control of the foci of the infection. The pediatric approach employed in to patients with FA may have significant repercussions on both quality of life and on their patients' general systemic condition, although this is scarcely verifiable due to the rarity of this pathology.

RESUMEN La anemia de Fanconi es una enfermedad genética, autosómica recesiva, ligada al cromosoma X, la cual cursa con pancitopenia, malformaciones congénitas y predisposición a desarrollar cáncer. Afecta a 1:360,000 nacimientos, es un padecimiento que se presenta en sujetos heterocigotos en el 0.5% de la población, en México no existen datos epidemiológicos y se cree que muchos casos se encuentran sub diagnosticados. En el presente documento se reporta el caso clínico de una paciente con diagnóstico de Anemia de Fanconi, que presenta los signos cardinales de esta rara patología. Se realizó el abordaje odontopediátrico con un enfoque preventivo y restaurador, además del diseño y colocación de un obturador palatino. Tras un seguimiento mayor a 12 meses se logró observar una reducción importante en la recurrencia de infecciones como otitis, amigdalitis y faringitis, lo que sugiere una influencia positiva del uso del obturador, y a su vez se pudo constatar una menor necesidad de transfusiones, lo cual puede también estar relacionado con el control de los focos de infección. El abordaje odontopediátrico dirigido a pacientes con Anemia de Fanconi puede tener repercusiones importantes tanto en la calidad de vida como en su condición sistémica general, aunque esto es difícilmente comprobable debido la rareza de dicha patología.

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Abstract Trans-endodontic implants are an artificial extension through root apex anchored in periradicular bone tissue. The aim is to improve the crown-root ratio and to provide stability to dental organ present. Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) is a material of great technological importance, having good natural color, high strength, high toughness, high chemical stability, does not suffer any corrosion, chemical and microbial resistance and excellent esthetic properties. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate chemical and microscopy of surface conditions of ZrO2 trans-endodontic implant. Materials and Methods: A blocks of ZrO2 were manufactured for produce trans-endodontic implants and divided in two groups: monoclinic and tetragonal phase. They were evaluated using Scanning Electroning Microscope (SEM), EnergyDispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Vickers Micro hardness. Results: The Monoclinic phase through AFM analysis showed roughness Ra = 0.320μm, whereas in the Tetragonal phase was 0.126μm, SEM/EDX indicated that the phases are not properly uniform and the addition of the Yttrium to favor the stabilization of the Tetragonal phase. The Vickers hardness analysis showed a value of 1500HV. Conclusion: The characterization of the surface of trans-endodontic zirconium oxide implants provides a guideline to know the surface characteristics of the material, since a greater roughness on the surface of the implant will favor the Osseo-integration capacity.

Resumen Los implantes trans-endodónticos son una extensión artificial a través del ápice radicular anclado en el tejido óseo periradicular. El objetivo es mejorar la relación corona-raíz y proporcionar estabilidad al órgano dental presente. El óxido de zirconio (ZrO2) es un material de gran importancia tecnológica, con buen color natural, alta resistencia, alta tenacidad, alta estabilidad química, no sufre corrosión, resistencia química y microbiana y excelentes propiedades estéticas. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las condiciones superficiales de ZrO2 para su aplicación clínica a los implantes transendodónticos. Materiales y Métodos: se trituraron bloques de ZrO2 en implantes trans-endodónticos y se dividieron en: monoclínico y tetragonal. Luego se evaluaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), espectroscopia de rayos X de energía dispersiva (EDS) y microscopio de fuerza atómica (AFM) y microdureza vickers. Resultados: La fase monoclínica a través del análisis AFM presenta Ra = 0.320 μm, mientras que en la fase Tetragonal es 0.126 μm, SEM / EDS muestra que las fases no son adecuadamente uniformes y la adición del Ytrio para favorecer la estabilización de la fase tetragonal. El análisis de microdureza mostro un valor de 1500HV. Conclusión: La caracterización de la superficie de los implantes trans-endodónticos de óxido de zirconio, brinda una pauta para conocer las características superficiales del material, ya que al haber una mayor rugosidad en la superficie del implante se verá favorecida la capacidad de oseointegración.

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BACKGROUND: Reclassification of a large thrombus burden is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and no-reflow in patients with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients with a greater residual thrombus burden have worse microvascular dysfunction and greater myocardial damage. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 833 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The final residual thrombus burden was reclassified after the lesion was wired, and a thrombus aspiration or balloon dilatation was performed to restore and stabilise a thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 2-3 flow. Deferred stenting (DEI) was compared with immediate stenting (ISI) group, and the primary outcome was the incidence of no-/slow-reflow (TIMI ≤ 2, or TIMI 3 with myocardial blush grade < 2). RESULTS: Overall, 47 patients (6.8%) had a residual large thrombus burden reclassified. The right coronary artery was the culprit vessel in 34 cases. More patients had coronary ectasia in the DSI group (P=.005). Fewer patients in the DSI had no-/slow-reflow (36% vs. 58%), and the myocardial blush grade 3 was more frequent in the DSI group (P=.005). After repeat coronary angiography in the DSI group, stenting was not performed in 56%, and oral anticoagulation was more frequent in the follow-up (P=.031). Major cardiac adverse events were similar between groups. There was a tendency to better left ventricular function in the DSI group (P=.056). CONCLUSIONS: Deferred stenting may be an efficient option in STEMI patients with a residual large thrombus burden reclassified after achieving a stable TIMI 2-3 flow.

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Resumen Introducción: Un trombo intracorononario largo reclasificado es un predictor independiente de resultados adversos y no reflujo en el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST. Pacientes con mayor carga de trombo residual tienen peor disfunción microvascular y mayor daño miocárdico. Métodos: Evaluamos retrospectivamente a 833 pacientes que fueron a angioplastia primaria entre enero del 2011 y junio del 2016. La carga de trombo residual final fue reclasificada tras realizar el cruce de la guía, predilatación con balón o tromboaspiración, para restaurar y estabilizar un flujo TIMI 2-3. Las estrategias de stent diferido vs. stent inmediato fueron comparadas, siendo el objetivo primario la incidencia de no reflujo (TIMI ≤ 2, o TIMI 3 con TMP < 2). Resultados: Cuarenta y siete pacientes (6.8%) presentaron una alta carga trombo residual reclasificado. La coronaria derecha fue la arteria culpable en 34 casos. Hubo mayor frecuencia de ectasia coronaria en el grupo de stent diferido (p = 0.005). Se encontraron menores tasas de no reflujo en el stent diferido (36% vs. 58%), con una mayor frecuencia de un TMP 3 (p = 0.005). Tras la nueva cateterización un 56% quedó libre de stent en el grupo diferido y la anticoagulación oral les fue más frecuentemente indicada (p = 0.031). La tasa de eventos cardiacos adversos mayores fue similar entre los grupos. Hubo una tendencia a una mejor función ventricular izquierda en el grupo diferido (p = 0.056). Conclusiones: El stent diferido puede ser una alternativa eficiente en pacientes con IAM CEST y alta carga de trombo residual reclasificado, después de conseguir un flujo TIMI 2-3 estable.

Abstract Background: Reclassification of a large thrombus burden is an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events and no-reflow in patients with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients with a greater residual thrombus burden have worse microvascular dysfunction and greater myocardial damage. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 833 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The final residual thrombus burden was reclassified after the lesion was wired, and a thrombus aspiration or balloon dilatation was performed to restore and stabilise a thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 2-3 flow. Deferred stenting (DEI) was compared with immediate stenting (ISI) group, and the primary outcome was the incidence of no-/slow-reflow (TIMI ≤ 2, or TIMI 3 with myocardial blush grade < 2). Results: Overall, 47 patients (6.8%) had a residual large thrombus burden reclassified. The right coronary artery was the culprit vessel in 34 cases. More patients had coronary ectasia in the DSI group (P=.005). Fewer patients in the DSI had no-/slow-reflow (36% vs. 58%), and the myocardial blush grade 3 was more frequent in the DSI group (P=.005). After repeat coronary angiography in the DSI group, stenting was not performed in 56%, and oral anticoagulation was more frequent in the follow-up (P=.031). Major cardiac adverse events were similar between groups. There was a tendency to better left ventricular function in the DSI group (P=.056). Conclusions: Deferred stenting may be an efficient option in STEMI patients with a residual large thrombus burden reclassified after achieving a stable TIMI 2-3 flow.

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he purpose of this review is to have a current prospect of periodontal diseases and, in particular, aggressive periodontitis. To know its classification and clinical characteristics, such as the extent and age group affected, as well as its distribution in the population, etiology, genetic variations, among other factors that could affect the development of this disease. Also, reference is made to different diagnostic options and, likewise, the current treatment options.

l propósito de esta revisión es tener un panorama actual de las enfermedades periodontales y, en particular, de la periodontitis agresiva. Conocer su clasificación y características clínicas, como la extensión y grupo etario afectado, así como su distribución en la población, etiología, variaciones genéticas, entre otros factores que pudiesen afectar el desarrollo de dicha enfermedad. Así mismo, se hace referencia a distintas opciones de diagnóstico y, de igual forma, las opciones de tratamiento actuales.

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Two yeast isolates producing asci-containing elongate ascospores with curved ends typical of the genus Spathaspora were isolated from rotting wood samples collected in an Atlantic rainforest ecosystem in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis of the LSU rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequences demonstrated that the strains represent a new species and placed it next to Candida blackwellae, in a clade that also contains Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Other sequences of the ribosomal gene cluster supported same placementin the same clade, and a phylogenomic analysis placed this new species in an early emerging position relative to the larger C. albicans/Lodderomyces clade. One interpretation is that the genus Spathaspora is, in fact, paraphyletic. In conformity with this view, we propose the novel species Spathaspora boniae sp. nov. to accommodate the isolates. The type strain of Spathaspora boniae sp. nov. is UFMG-CM-Y306T (=CBS 13262T). The MycoBank number is MB 821297. A detailed analysis of xylose metabolism was conducted for the new species.

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RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar, describir y analizar las revistas odontológicas indexadas en el Journal of Citation Report. Estudio observacional, descriptivo de cohorte transversal sobre las revistas incluidas en la categoría "Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine" del Journal Citation Reports, edición 2015, realizada durante el periodo Octubre - Noviembre 2016. Las variables incluidas en el estudio fueron: ranking de las revistas, titulo, factor de impacto, área temática, país de procedencia, editorial, número de artículos y de citas durante el último año, eigenfactor score y article influence score. Se empleó estadística descriptiva para su análisis. Fueron incluidas 91 revistas en el Journal Citation Reports en su última versión disponible. Periodontology 2000 es la revista con mejor ranking y factor de impacto 4,949. Odontología General es el área temática con mayor número de registros con 22. Estados Unidos posee 31 títulos de revistas. Wiley-Blackwell es la casa editorial más representativa con 24 revistas. Se publicaron 376 artículos en el Journal of Oral Maxilofacial Surgery, mientras que el Journal of Dental Research recibió 16.401 citas. Es necesario que los odontólogos conozcan las características de las revistas incluidas en el Journal Citation Reports con el propósito de realizar una adecuada selección al momento de enviar los resultados de sus investigaciones.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to identify, describe and analyze the dental journals indexed in the Journal Citation Reports. Observational, cross - sectional descriptive study on the journals included in the "Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine" category of the Journal Citation Reports, 2015 edition, during the period October - November 2016. The variables in the study were: ranking of journals, title, impact factor, subject area, country of origin, editorial, number of articles and citations during the last year, eigenfactor score and article influence score. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. In its latest available version 91 journals were included in the Journal Citation Reports. Periodontology 2000 is the journal with the best ranking and impact factor 4.949. General Dentistry is the subject area with the highest number of records with 22. The United States has 31 journal titles. Wiley-Blackwell is the most representative publishing with 24 journals. There were 376 articles published in the Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, while the Journal of Dental Research received 16,401 citations. It is necessary that dentists to know the characteristics of the journals included in the Journal Citation Reports in order to make an appropriate selection when sending the results of their research.

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he aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic-fatigue fracture of different Nickel-Titanium motor-driven rotary instruments (ProTaper® Universal, ProFile®, and Mtwo® systems) in artificial canals by means of an Automatic Electronic Device (AED). The study was performed using NickelTitanium instruments 25/0.06 evaluated in canals with a 45-degree curvature and 2-mm radius. The analyses evaluated two parameters: fracture by cyclic fatigue, and time of fracture; in addition, the length of separated fragment was evaluated. Medians and range values were calculated for each group. Data were analyzed by the Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests to determine statistical difference. The ProFile motor-driven rotator system exhibited highest resistance to fracture due to cyclic fatigue and highest fracture time compared with the ProTaper and Mtwo systems (p <0.05). The equipment proposed in this study (AED) demonstrated efficiency for recording information, automation, scheduled work times and durations, cycle number, time of fracture, pressure changes and, principally control of the human factor.

l objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la fractura a la fatiga cíclica de diferentes instrumentos rotatorios de Niquel-Titanio (sistemas ProTaper® Universal, ProFile® y Mtwo®) en conductos artificiales por medio de un Dispositivo Electrónico Automático (DEA). Se usaron instrumentos de Niquel-Titanio 25/0.06, los cuales se evaluaron en conductos con una curvatura de 45 grados y 2 milímetros de radio. Se analizaron dos parámetros: Fractura a la fatiga cíclica y tiempo a la fractura; además se evaluó la longitud del fragmento separado. Medianas y rangos fueron calculados para cada uno de los grupos. Los resultados fueron analizados por las pruebas de Kruskall-Wallis y U de Mann-Whitney para determinar diferencias estadísticas. El Sistema ProFile mostró una mayor resistencia y tiempo a la fractura en comparación con los sistemas ProTaper y Mtwo (p <0.05). El equipo propuesto en este estudio (DEA) demostró eficiencia para el registro de la información, tiempos de trabajo y duración, número de ciclos, tiempo a la fractura, cambios en la presión y principalmente control del factor humano.

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This study assessed the efficiency of Scheffersomyces amazonensis UFMG-CM-Y493T, cultured in xylose-supplemented medium (YPX) and rice hull hydrolysate (RHH), to convert xylose to xylitol under moderate and severe oxygen limitation. The highest xylitol yields of 0.75 and 1.04 g g-1 in YPX and RHH, respectively, were obtained under severe oxygen limitation. However, volumetric productivity in RHH was ninefold decrease than that in YPX medium. The xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) activities in the YPX cultures were strictly dependent on NADPH and NAD+ respectively, and were approximately 10% higher under severe oxygen limitation than under moderate oxygen limitation. This higher xylitol production observed under severe oxygen limitation can be attributed to the higher XR activity and shortage of the NAD+ needed by XDH. These results suggest that Sc. amazonensis UFMG-CM-Y493T is one of the greatest xylitol producers described to date and reveal its potential use in the biotechnological production of xylitol.

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