RESUMEN
The transportation sector is undergoing a technology shift from internal combustion engines to electric motors powered by secondary Li-based batteries. However, the limited range and long charging times of Li-ion batteries still hinder widespread adoption. This aspect is particularly true in the case of heavy freight and long-range transportation, where solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an attractive alternative as they can provide high-efficiency and flexible fuel choices. However, the SOFC technology is mainly used for stationary applications owing to the high operating temperature, low volumetric power density and specific power, and poor robustness towards thermal cycling and mechanical vibrations of conventional ceramic-based cells. Here, we present a metal-based monolithic fuel cell design to overcome these issues. Cost-effective and scalable manufacturing processes are employed for fabrication, and only a single heat treatment is required, as opposed to multiple thermal treatments in conventional SOFC production. The design is optimised through three-dimensional multiphysics modelling, nanoparticle infiltration, and corrosion-mitigating treatments. The monolithic fuel cell stack shows a power density of 5.6 kW/L, thus, demonstrating the potential of SOFC technology for transport applications.
RESUMEN
The title compound, Cu(0.5)Mn(2.5)(PO(4))(2), is a copper-manganese phosphate solid solution with the graftonite-type structure, viz. (Mn,Fe,Ca,Mg)(3)(PO(4))(2). The structure has three distinct metal cation sites, two of which are occupied by Mn(II) and one of which accommodates Cu(II). Incorporation of Cu(II) into the structure distorts the coordination geometry of the metal cation site from five-coordinate square-pyramidal towards four-coordinate flattened tetrahedral, and serves to contract the structure principally along the c axis.