RESUMEN
Results of follow-up and treatment of different pneumoconiosis types in 749 patients are represented. Rational employment combined with individualized treatment stabilize pneumoconiosis in 80.5% of cases with interstitial silicosis, in those with silico - silicosis --85.5% the nodular form in 70.5% and 77.8% of cases respectively. In the patients with the first symptoms of silicotuberculosisis the interstitial and nodular forms of the process stabilized in more than 50% of cases and in more than 60% of silico - silicatosis cases. Active interstitial tuberculosis was revealed in 7.3% of cases, nodular one--in 16.2%. The course of the macronodular pneumoconiosis in 50.2% of cases was unfavourable. 23.2% of patients with pneumoconiosis caused by electric-welding aerosol showed regress of pneumoconiosis in afterdust period.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Cerámica , Minas de Carbón , Cuarzo/efectos adversos , Silicosis/etiología , Soldadura , Atención Ambulatoria , Antracosilicosis/etiología , Antracosilicosis/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Polvo/efectos adversos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Federación de Rusia , Silicosis/terapia , Silicotuberculosis/etiología , Silicotuberculosis/terapiaRESUMEN
Blood leukocyte function in patients with silicosis and chronic dust-induced bronchitis was examined by cellular chemiluminescence method for registration of free oxygen radical production. Significant differences in oxidation metabolism of blood neutrophils in the patients with these two nosologic entities were revealed. In silicosis blood phagocyte activation with silica particles in vitro activated production of active oxygen forms and chemiluminescent cells in all cases by 3 to 30 times. In chronic dust-induced bronchitis the production of active oxygen forms under the same conditions was either unchanged or enhanced but negligibly, the activation coefficient not surpassing 3. These data point to a new approach to the differential diagnosis between the above-mentioned conditions.