RESUMEN
The decision to implement a biogas production project involves the evaluation of multiple variables, such as the problem to be solved, the biodigester, business model, investment, and final products. An integrative literature review was conducted, in which 58 papers were obtained and relevant criteria for decision-making in biogas production projects from organic waste were identified. Three stages were considered in the analysis of the biogas production cycle: initial, plant, and final, as well as the economic, environmental, and social aspects that influence the decision. In general, the publications are dispersed over 30 different journals. The methodology used in most studies is empirical, quantitative, and descriptive, with data collected mainly from secondary sources. From the studies, 499 original criteria were identified, which were classified into one of four categories: economic, environmental, social, and technical, which cover a total of 39 sub-criteria. Economic and technical criteria were the most frequent in publications, while environmental and social criteria were less common and less prioritized. This suggests that there is a tendency to prioritize economic and technical dimensions over environmental and social dimensions in the analysis of the papers found. Finally, a preliminary decision-making model based on the findings is proposed.Implications: The integrative review of the literature on biogas and decision-making presented in this study holds significant implications for policy and practice in the field of sustainable energy production, organic waste management and decision making for public managers. By analyzing 159 papers and developing a comprehensive classification system, we have identified key sub-criteria for decision-making in various stages of the biogas production cycle. The predominance of technical and economic sub-criteria demonstrates the priorities of the current state of biogas projects and, at the same time, the need to promote balance between the technical, economic, social and environmental spheres in decision-making in order to achieve truly sustainable biogas projects. Policymakers can utilize these findings to promote the adoption of more holistic decision-making approaches that consider diverse factors, fostering the development of environmentally-friendly and socially equitable biogas ventures. This research provides valuable insights into aligning biogas production with broader sustainability goals and guides policymakers in formulating evidence-based strategies for the advancement of renewable energy technologies.
Asunto(s)
Biocombustibles , Toma de Decisiones , Administración de Residuos/métodos , Administración de Residuos/economíaRESUMEN
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a complex challenge to be solved worldwide, intensified in developing countries since in addition to economic and environmental aspects there is also the social aspect represented by the collector individual. From an integrative bibliographic review this study longitudinally analyses the socio-productive inclusion of collectors in the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) at an international level. Aiming: (a) to identify relevant articles describing/studies on MSWM with social inclusion of scavengers around the world; (b) to analyse these articles in order to present its main characteristics; (c) to describe municipal solid waste management with recyclable potential (MSWRP) with socio-productive inclusion of collectors; (d) the study provides a more detailed summary of MSWRP management in some developing countries: Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Pakistan; and (e) to provide a framework indicating the future practices and perspectives of MSWRP. As result, this study presents the paradigms and future questions for an effective improvement of WSWM, such as: Professional Training of Scavengers, Cultural Issues, Empowerment of Scavenger, Recycling Cooperatives and Cooperativism, Policy Issues and Recycling Chain, Management Systems and Process Improvement, Quality of Services Provided, Circular Economy and Informal Sector, Health Quality and Safety at Work, Barriers and Solutions for the Inclusion of the Informal Sector, Environmental, Economic and Social Benefits.
Asunto(s)
Eliminación de Residuos , Administración de Residuos , Residuos Sólidos/análisis , Eliminación de Residuos/métodos , Países en Desarrollo , Administración de Residuos/métodos , Reciclaje/métodos , CiudadesRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to assess influenza immunization coverage in the elderly and the association between vaccination and socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle variables, using a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological approach from April 2008 to September 2009 with 990 elderly in Cambé, Paraná State, Brazil. Vaccination coverage was 74.6%. The highest vaccination rate was among individuals 70 to 79 years of age [adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.05] and 80 or older (PR = 1.03), with hypertension, and with monthly income up to 3 times the minimum wage (PR = 1.10) or higher (PR = 1.17) compared to elderly without income. Sedentary elderly (PR = 0.96) adhered less to vaccination, and divorced/separated individuals (PR = 0.92) had lower adherence compared to the married. The results suggest the need for healthcare strategies considering the factors that affect voluntary vaccination in order to help increase the odds of success for immunization programs.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la Influenza/administración & dosificación , Gripe Humana/prevención & control , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Programas de Inmunización/estadística & datos numéricos , Gripe Humana/epidemiología , Masculino , Vacunación Masiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a cobertura vacinal contra a gripe em idosos e a associação entre a vacinação e variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, de saúde e estilo de vida. Estudo de natureza epidemiológico-descritiva, transversal, realizado de abril de 2008 a setembro de 2009, com 990 idosos do Município de Cambé, Paraná, Brasil. A cobertura vacinal foi de 74,6%. A maior taxa de adesão foi entre os indivíduos com idades de 70-79 anos [razão de prevalência ajustada (RP) = 1,05] e 80 anos ou mais (RP = 1,03), hipertensos, e com renda mensal de até 3 salários mínimos (RP = 1,10) ou superior (RP = 1,17) comparados aos idosos sem renda. Idosos sedentários (RP = 0,96) aderiram menos à vacinação, e divorciados/separados (RP = 0,92) apresentaram menor adesão comparados aos casados. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de estratégias de atenção à saúde, considerando os fatores que interferem na adesão voluntária à vacinação, contribuindo para aumentar as chances de sucesso dos programas de imunização.
The aim of this study was to assess influenza immunization coverage in the elderly and the association between vaccination and socioeconomic, demographic, health, and lifestyle variables, using a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological approach from April 2008 to September 2009 with 990 elderly in Cambé, Paraná State, Brazil. Vaccination coverage was 74.6%. The highest vaccination rate was among individuals 70 to 79 years of age [adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.05] and 80 or older (PR = 1.03), with hypertension, and with monthly income up to 3 times the minimum wage (PR = 1.10) or higher (PR = 1.17) compared to elderly without income. Sedentary elderly (PR = 0.96) adhered less to vaccination, and divorced/separated individuals (PR = 0.92) had lower adherence compared to the married. The results suggest the need for healthcare strategies considering the factors that affect voluntary vaccination in order to help increase the odds of success for immunization programs.