RESUMEN
It is important to investigate the care given to people with suicidal behavior, as it is an important predictor of future death by suicide and there is a lack of studies on this issue in Brazil. This study had the objective of investigating assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service and sociodemographic and clinical associated factors. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional study based on documental information. The data were collected through manual consultation of nursing records in which call-outs for suicidal behavior in the year 2014 were documented. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, correlation tests, and comparison of means tests. In the 313 records analyzed there was a predominance of adult women with self-inflicted drug poisoning, attended to in their own residence and referred to pre-hospital emergency medical services. There was a lack of documentation on signs, symptoms, and grievances in most cases. The interventions most carried out by the nurses were related to monitoring of clinical parameters. There were differences related to the victim's sex and lethality, suicide attempt method, referral to emergency services, and semester of occurrence (January-June, July-December). Suicide attempts through self-poisoning or self-inflicted injuries differed in relation to time of call-out, waiting time, lethality, documentation on clinical assessment and interventions, and referral to emergency services. This study enabled the charting of factors linked with suicidal behavior and associated factors; it offers reflections on limitations and nursing care potential in the prevention of reoccurrence of suicidal behavior.
Asunto(s)
Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermería Psiquiátrica/métodos , Intento de Suicidio/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Intento de Suicidio/psicologíaRESUMEN
É importante investigar os atendimentos a pessoas com comportamento suicida, pois uma tentativa de suicídio é o principal preditor de futuro óbito por suicídio. Há uma carência de estudos que analisem sobre o assunto no Brasil. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os atendimentos relacionados ao comportamento suicida em 2014, em um serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência e fatores associados. Estudo quantitativo, transversal, documental. Foi realizada consulta manual de fichas de atendimento de enfermagem geradas por Unidades de Suporte Básico nas quais estivessem documentados chamados por comportamento suicida no ano de 2014. Os dados foram registrados em roteiros elaborados pelas pesquisadoras e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, teste qui-quadrado, teste exato de Fisher, testes de correlação e testes de comparação de média. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em pesquisa. Nas 313 fichas analisadas, houve predomínio de mulheres adultas, que tentaram suicídio por intoxicação medicamentosa, na própria residência e foram encaminhadas para um serviço pré-hospitalar de atendimento a urgências. Na maioria das fichas não havia sinais, sintomas ou agravos documentados. As intervenções mais executadas pela enfermagem estiveram relacionadas à monitorização de parâmetros clínicos. Houve diferenças relacionadas ao sexo da vítima e letalidade do comportamento suicida, método da tentativa de suicídio, encaminhamento para serviços de emergência e semestre da ocorrência. As tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação ou por lesões autoprovocadas diferiram em relação ao horário do chamado, tempo de espera pelo atendimento, letalidade, documentação de avaliação clínica e intervenções, encaminhamento para serviços de emergência. Este estudo permitiu o melhor mapeamento das demandas relacionadas ao comportamento suicida, conhecimento relevante para o planejamento dos cuidados de enfermagem e compreensão sobre as competências necessárias para tais atendimentos
It is important to investigate the attendance of people with suicidal behavior, since suicide attempt is the main predictor of future suicide death. There is a lack of studies that analyze on the subject in Brazil. This study aimed to investigate the attendances related to suicidal behavior in 2014, in an emergency mobile service and associated factors. Quantitative study, transversal, documentary. A manual consultation of nursing care records generated by Basic Support Units in which they were documented called suicidal behavior in the year 2014. The data were recorded in scripts prepared by the researchers and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, chi-square test , Fisher's exact test, correlation tests, and mean comparison tests. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. In the 313 files analyzed, there was a predominance of adult women, who attempted to commit suicide due to drug intoxication, at home and were referred to a pre-hospital emergency room service. Most signs had no documented signs, symptoms, or complaints. The interventions most performed by nursing were related to the monitoring of clinical parameters. There were differences related to the sex of the victim and lethality of the suicidal behavior, suicide attempt method, referral to emergency services and half of the occurrence. Attempts to commit suicide due to intoxication or self-inflicted injuries differed in relation to the time of the call, waiting time for care, lethality, documentation of clinical evaluation and interventions, referral to emergency services. This study allowed the best mapping of the demands related to suicidal behavior, knowledge relevant to the planning of nursing care and understanding of the skills required for such care