RESUMEN

This study aimed to evaluate Himatanthus drasticus latex in a mice wound healing experimental model. Animals were divided into four groups (n=7) according to the treatments: GI - saline 0.9% (control), GII - mineral oil (vehicle), GIII - H. drasticus commercial latex (HdCL) and GIV - H. drasticus mixed isolated fraction (MIF, 1 mg/mL). The treatments were applied topically once daily, 50 µL for 14 consecutive days. Macroscopic lesions were evaluated, considering parameters such as swelling, redness, granulation tissue and reepithelialization. VEGF+, CD68+ expressions and mast cells (Toluidin blue stain) were evaluated. HdCL induced higher contraction and exuberant granulation tissue (P > 0.05). HdCL showed a mild inflammatory process while MIF induced intense infiltrate inflammatory predominantly by lymphocytes, vascular congestion, bleeding and did not presented full reepithelialization. Reorganization of collagen fibers (red picrosirius stain) was observed. CD68+ expression and mast cells were presented as moderate, intense and mild in GI, GIII and GIV, respectively. Neovascularization occurred in all groups, while VEGF+ expression was intense in MIF in relation to HdCL. We concluded that HdCL presents wound healing potential, through modulation of mast cells, CD68+ and VEGF+ expressions that can be associated to triterpenes presence according MIF isolated from HdCL.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o látex de Himatanthus drasticus em feridas induzidas experimentalmente em camundongos. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos (n=7): GI - salina 0,9% (controle), GII - óleo mineral (veículo), GIII - látex comercial de H. drasticus (HdCL) e GIV - fração isolada mista de H. drasticus (MIF, 1mg/mL). Os tratamentos foram aplicados topicamente uma vez ao dia (50µL), durante 14 dias consecutivos. Lesões macroscópicas, as expressões de VEGF+, CD68+ e a participação dos mastócitos (coloração azul de toluidina) foram avaliadas. HdCL induziu maior contração e tecido de granulação exuberante (P >0,05). HdCL induziu leve processo inflamatório enquanto MIF promoveu intenso infiltrado inflamatório predominantemente linfocítico, congestão vascular, hemorragia e reepitelização parcial. Observou-se reorganização das fibras colágenas (coloração picrosírius). A expressão de CD68+ e os mastócitos apresentaram-se moderados, intensos e leves em GI, GIII e GIV, respectivamente. A neovascularização foi observada em todos os grupos, enquanto a expressão de VEGF+ foi mais intensa em MIF em relação a HdCL. Conclui-se que HdCL apresenta potencial de cicatrização por meio da modulação dos mastócitos e das expressões de CD68+ e VEGF+, o que pode estar associado à presença de triterpenos de acordo com MIF isolada de HdCL.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

This study aimed to evaluate Himatanthus drasticus latex in a mice wound healing experimental model. Animals were divided into four groups (n=7) according to the treatments: GI - saline 0.9% (control), GII - mineral oil (vehicle), GIII - H. drasticus commercial latex (HdCL) and GIV - H. drasticus mixed isolated fraction (MIF, 1 mg/mL). The treatments were applied topically once daily, 50 µL for 14 consecutive days. Macroscopic lesions were evaluated, considering parameters such as swelling, redness, granulation tissue and reepithelialization. VEGF+, CD68+ expressions and mast cells (Toluidin blue stain) were evaluated. HdCL induced higher contraction and exuberant granulation tissue (P > 0.05). HdCL showed a mild inflammatory process while MIF induced intense infiltrate inflammatory predominantly by lymphocytes, vascular congestion, bleeding and did not presented full reepithelialization. Reorganization of collagen fibers (red picrosirius stain) was observed. CD68+ expression and mast cells were presented as moderate, intense and mild in GI, GIII and GIV, respectively. Neovascularization occurred in all groups, while VEGF+ expression was intense in MIF in relation to HdCL. We concluded that HdCL presents wound healing potential, through modulation of mast cells, CD68+ and VEGF+ expressions that can be associated to triterpenes presence according MIF isolated from HdCL.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o látex de Himatanthus drasticus em feridas induzidas experimentalmente em camundongos. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos (n=7): GI - salina 0,9% (controle), GII - óleo mineral (veículo), GIII - látex comercial de H. drasticus (HdCL) e GIV - fração isolada mista de H. drasticus (MIF, 1mg/mL). Os tratamentos foram aplicados topicamente uma vez ao dia (50µL), durante 14 dias consecutivos. Lesões macroscópicas, as expressões de VEGF+, CD68+ e a participação dos mastócitos (coloração azul de toluidina) foram avaliadas. HdCL induziu maior contração e tecido de granulação exuberante (P >0,05). HdCL induziu leve processo inflamatório enquanto MIF promoveu intenso infiltrado inflamatório predominantemente linfocítico, congestão vascular, hemorragia e reepitelização parcial. Observou-se reorganização das fibras colágenas (coloração picrosírius). A expressão de CD68+ e os mastócitos apresentaram-se moderados, intensos e leves em GI, GIII e GIV, respectivamente. A neovascularização foi observada em todos os grupos, enquanto a expressão de VEGF+ foi mais intensa em MIF em relação a HdCL. Conclui-se que HdCL apresenta potencial de cicatrização por meio da modulação dos mastócitos e das expressões de CD68+ e VEGF+, o que pode estar associado à presença de triterpenos de acordo com MIF isolada de HdCL.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The thiadiazolylurea derivative tebuthiuron (TBH) is commonly used as an herbicide even though it is highly toxic to humans. While various processes have been proposed for the removal of organic contaminants of this type from wastewater, electrochemical degradation has shown particular promise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrochemical degradation of TBH using anodes comprising boron-doped (5000 and 30,000 ppm) diamond (BDD) films deposited onto Ti substrates operated at current densities in the range 10-200 mA cm(-2). Both anodes removed TBH following a similar pseudo first-order reaction kinetics with k(app) close to 3.2 × 10(-2) min(-1). The maximum mineralization efficiency obtained was 80%. High-pressure liquid chromatography with UV-VIS detection established that both anodes degraded TBH via similar intermediates. Ion chromatography revealed that increasing concentrations of nitrate ions (up to 0.9 ppm) were formed with increasing current density, while the formation of nitrite ions was observed with both anodes at current densities ≥ 150 mA cm(-2). The BDD film prepared at the lower doping level (5000 ppm) was more efficient in degrading TBH than its more highly doped counterpart. This unexpected finding may be explained in terms of the quantity of impurities incorporated into the diamond lattice during chemical vapor deposition.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Yellow fever (YF) may be very serious, with mortality reaching 50%. Live attenuated virus YF vaccine (YFV) is effective, but may present, although rare, life-threatening side effects and is contraindicated in immunocompromised patients. However, some transplant patients may inadvertently receive the vaccine. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to all associated doctors to the Brazilian Organ Transplantation Association through its website, calling for reports of organ transplanted patients who have been vaccinated against YF. RESULTS: Twelve doctors reported 19 cases. None had important side effects. Only one had slight reaction at the site of YFV injection. Eleven patients were male. Organs received were 14 kidneys, 3 hearts, and 2 livers. Twelve patients received organs from deceased donors. Mean age at YFV was 45.6 ± 13.6 years old (range 11-69); creatinine: 1.46 ± 0.62 mg/dL (range 0.8-3.4); post-transplant time: 65 ± 83.9 months (range 3-340); and time from YFV at the time of survey: 45 ± 51 months (range 3-241). Immunosuppression varied widely with different drug combinations: azathioprine (7 patients), cyclosporine (8), deflazacort (1), mycophenolate (10), prednisone (11), sirolimus (3), and tacrolimus (4). CONCLUSIONS: YFV showed no important side effects in this cohort of solid organ transplanted patients. However, owing to the small number of studied patients, it is not possible to extend these findings to the rest of the transplanted population, assuring safety. Therefore, these data are not strong enough to safely recommend YFV in organ transplanted recipients, as severe, even life-threatening side effects may occur.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A sample of 16 patients with malignant breast tumors were examined by means of an interview, a questionnaire, and the Szondi Test together with a comparison group of 56 patients with benign breast tumors. The patients were divided into two age groups, those below and above 40 years of age. In this way studies done in other countries to investigate the personality structure of cancer patients were replicated. Emphasis was given to the following issues: self-destructive and/or masochistic tendencies, attitudes of depressive resignation, and conflicts with respect to femininity and motherhood. The results showed several significant differences by which benign tumor patients can be better characterized. These patients presented symptoms, experiences and structures of the neurotic type. The cancer patients presented structures closer to the psychosomatic type, with rigid negation of conflicts (in relation to sex, identification, violence and aggression), and with an unreal insertion in the world. Their somatizations are not conversive; they are interpreted as effects of the destructive and violent tendencies which, without release for the lack of adequate contacts with objects, are directed toward themselves. However, this cannot properly be called a masochistic structure because the destructive tendencies do not have a sexual origin, rather they are part of a vehement negation of others and of life itself, in the sense of a primary death drive. It is impossible to tell, however, to what point these characteristics are already the effects of the breast problems, or whether they have more causal relevance as certain previous personal experiences indicate.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A sample of 16 patients with malignant breast tumors were examined by means of an interview, a questionnaire, and the Szondi Test together with a comparison group of 56 patients with benign breast tumors. The patients were divided into two age groups, those below and above 40 years of age. In this way studies done in other countries to investigate the personality structure of cancer patients were replicated. Emphasis was given to the following issues: self-destructive and/or masochistic tendencies, attitudes of depressive resignation, and conflicts with respect to femininity and motherhood. The results showed several significant differences by which benign tumor patients can be better characterized. These patients presented symptoms, experiences and structures of the neurotic type. The cancer patients presented structures closer to the psychosomatic type, with rigid negation of conflicts (in relation to sex, identification, violence and aggression), and with an unreal insertion in the world. Their somatizations are not conversive; they are interpreted as effects of the destructive and violent tendencies which, without release for the lack of adequate contacts with objects, are directed toward themselves. However, this cannot properly be called a masochistic structure because the destructive tendencies do not have a sexual origin, rather they are part of a vehement negation of others and of life itself, in the sense of a primary death drive. It is impossible to tell, however, to what point these characteristics are already the effects of the breast problems, or whether they have more causal relevance as certain previous personal experiences indicate.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)