RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of smoking experimentation among adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescent students (13-14 years of age) in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The participants completed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires, both of which have been validated for use in Brazil. We calculated the prevalence of smoking experimentation in the sample as a whole, among the students with asthma symptoms, and among the students with allergic rhinitis symptoms, as well as in subgroups according to gender and age at smoking experimentation. RESULTS: The sample comprised 3,325 adolescent students. No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender or age. In the sample as a whole, the prevalence of smoking experimentation was 9.6%. The mean age for smoking experimentation for the first time was 11.1 years of age (range, 5-14 years). Among the adolescents with asthma symptoms and among those with allergic rhinitis symptoms, the prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation was 13.5% and 10.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of adolescents with symptoms of asthma or allergic rhinitis who reported smoking experimentation is a cause for concern, because there is strong evidence that active smoking is a risk factor for the occurrence and increased severity of allergic diseases.
Asunto(s)
Asma/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Asma/etiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Rinitis Alérgica/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme , Distribución por Sexo , Fumar/efectos adversos , EstudiantesRESUMEN
Objective: To determine the prevalence of smoking experimentation among adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescent students (13-14 years of age) in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The participants completed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaires, both of which have been validated for use in Brazil. We calculated the prevalence of smoking experimentation in the sample as a whole, among the students with asthma symptoms, and among the students with allergic rhinitis symptoms, as well as in subgroups according to gender and age at smoking experimentation. Results: The sample comprised 3,325 adolescent students. No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender or age. In the sample as a whole, the prevalence of smoking experimentation was 9.6%. The mean age for smoking experimentation for the first time was 11.1 years of age (range, 5-14 years). Among the adolescents with asthma symptoms and among those with allergic rhinitis symptoms, the prevalence of self-reported smoking experimentation was 13.5% and 10.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of adolescents with symptoms of asthma or allergic rhinitis who reported smoking experimentation is a cause for concern, because there is strong evidence that active smoking is a risk factor for the occurrence and increased severity of allergic diseases.
Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da experimentação de cigarro em adolescentes com asma ou de rinite alérgica. Métodos: Estudo transversal envolvendo escolares com 13-14 anos de idade na cidade de Belo Horizonte (MG). Os escolares preencheram os questionários do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention e do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ambos validados para uso no Brasil. Foram calculadas as prevalências de experimentação de cigarro na população geral estudada, naqueles com sintomas de asma ou de rinite alérgica e nos subgrupos em relação ao gênero e à idade da experimentação. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 3.325 adolescentes. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação ao gênero e a idade dos participantes. Na amostra geral, a prevalência da experimentação de cigarro foi de 9,6%. A média de idade da experimentação de cigarro pela primeira vez foi de 11,1 anos (variação, 5-14 anos). Nos adolescentes com sintomas de asma e de rinite alérgica, a prevalência autorrelatada de experimentação de cigarro foi de 13,5% e 10,6%, respectivamente. Conclusões: A proporção de adolescentes com asma ou rinite alérgica que relataram ter experimentado cigarro é preocupante, visto que há fortes evidências de que o tabagismo ativo é um fator de risco para a ocorrência e maior gravidade de doenças alérgicas.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Asma/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Asma/etiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Prevalencia , Rinitis Alérgica/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme , Distribución por Sexo , Fumar/efectos adversos , EstudiantesRESUMEN
A doença falciforme é a enfermidade monogênica mais comum no Brasil, sendo uma afecção sistêmica que potencialmente pode afetar vários órgãos e sistemas. O pulmão é um dos órgãos mais acometidos e as complicações na doença falciforme resultam em significante morbimortalidade na faixa pediátrica. Nesse contexto, o presente artigoapresenta as principais manifestações respiratórias da doença falciforme, em virtude da importância do diagnóstico precoce e da abordagem inicial por parte dos pediatras,especialmente da síndrome torácica aguda (STA), da hipertensão arterial pulmonar e da associação com a asma brônquica. O conhecimento por parte dos pediatras da abordagem adequada das manifestações respiratórias citadas no presente artigo de revisão é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento, sendo também relevante o atendimento inicial adequado e o manejo do procedimento...
The Sickle Cell Disease is the most common inherited genetic disorder in Brazil being asystemic disease that can powerfully affect several organs and systems. The lungs are oneof the most affected and the consequences of the Sickle Cell Disease result in a significant morbid-mortality in pediatric patients and, in this context, the present article presents the main pulmonary manifestations of the stated disease. The article also considers the importance of an early diagnosis and the initial pediatric approach to these manifestations especiallyin: the Acute Chest Syndrome, Pulmonary Hypertension and the association of SickleCell Disease with Asthma. The acknowledgment by the Pediatricians of these respiratory manifestations is fundamental for the success of the treatment, and the initial assessment and adequate management of the procedure are also extremely relevant...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Anemia de Células Falciformes/complicaciones , Asma/complicaciones , Hipertensión Pulmonar Primaria Familiar/terapia , Síndrome Torácico Agudo/diagnóstico , Radiografía TorácicaRESUMEN
A Bronquiolite obliterante pós-infecciosa (BOPI) é caracterizada por obstrução crônica do fluxo aéreo associada à lesão inflamatória das pequenas vias aéreas, que se manifesta clinicamente pela persistência de sintomas como taquipnéia, sibilância, tosse e hipoxemia por mais de 2 meses após um episodio de bronquiolite viral aguda (BVA) e/ou pneumonia viral. A BOPI não é tão rara, já que 10% dos lactentes podem ter BVA e1% deles podem evoluir para BOPI. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente com história típica, mas com diagnóstico tardio e elevada morbidade. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais e de imagem são aqui apresentados. A evolução desse caso ratifica a importância de investigação apropriada da criança com doença obstrutiva crônica. Para se reduzir a potencial morbidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com BOPI, são necessários a suspeita e o diagnóstico mais precoce por parte do pediatra e o acompanhamento multidisciplinar...
Post-infectious Bronquiolitis Obliterans (PIBO) is characterized by chronic airflowobstruction associate to inflammatory injury of small airways, clinically suspected by the persistence of symptoms such as tachypnea, wheezing, cough and hypoxaemia for morethan 2 months after an episode of acute viral bronquiolitis (AVB) and/or viral pneumonia.PIBO is not so rare, since 10% of infants may have AVB and 1% of them may developBOPI. We describe the case of a patient with a typical history of PIBO, but with delayed diagnosis and high morbidity. Results of the laboratorial exams and image are presented in this study. The evolution of this case emphasizes the importance of appropriate investigation of chronic obstructive illness in children. It is necessary to stimulate early suspicionand diagnosis by pediatricians and follow-up by a multidisciplinary team, in order to decrease potential morbidity and improve quality of life of these patients...