RESUMEN
Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO; a term combining both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and summer pasture associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD)) is one of the most common equine respiratory diseases with up to 50% of horses affected worldwide. The etiopathogenesis of RAO is unknown although pulmonary hypersensitivity to inhaled mold antigens may be involved. Recent work in our laboratory demonstrating elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA in the airways and peripheral blood of horses with RAO is consistent with an atopic component to RAO. Little is known regarding the earliest phases of RAO in horses. Here we describe the development of a novel airway model for equine RAO that utilizes ovalbumin-coated polystyrene beads for airway sensitization and challenge. Aerosol challenge of sensitized ponies with OVA-coated microbeads resulted in decreased airway compliance, increased percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and evidence of a Th2 cytokine response in the bronchoalveolar cells. These results suggest that this approach may be useful in describing the initial stages of RAO development in the horse.
Asunto(s)
Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Caballos/etiología , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/etiología , Obstrucción de las Vías Aéreas/inmunología , Animales , Caballos , Interleucina-13/genética , Interleucina-4/genética , Interleucina-5/genética , ARN Mensajero/análisis , RecurrenciaRESUMEN
Two pediatric patients had reflex sympathetic dystrophy, which has been well described in adults but is rarely recognized in children. The syndrome consists of continuous pain, hyperesthesia, and autonomic symptoms occurring in an extremity, usually following trauma. The various types of presentation, differential diagnosis, and modes of therapy are discussed.