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Abstract Objective: To assess the relationship between internet addiction, quality of life, and sleep problems among adolescents. Method: This research was conducted with a representative sample of 875 adolescents. This cross-sectional study used the Internet Addiction Test, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ version 4.0, Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, and sleep duration. Sociodemographic factors were also analyzed. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate relationships between variables. Results: After adjusting the model for covariances between the latent variables of daytime sleepiness and correlations between the physical and emotional domains of quality of life, the authors obtained satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.031, CFI = 0.926, TLI = 0.909, SRMR = 0.058). Internet addiction was positively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = 0.549, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with quality of life (rho = -0.173, p < 0.001). By contrast, sleep duration was negatively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = -0.089, p = 0.007), positively associated with quality of life (rho = 0.105, p = 0.014), and dependent on school shift (rho = 0.453, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Adolescents with higher levels of internet addiction had lower perceptions of quality of life and higher daytime sleepiness. Moreover, sleep duration had a positive correlation with quality of life. Given its detrimental effects on quality of life and daytime sleepiness, parents should better supervise internet use in adolescents.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between internet addiction, quality of life, and sleep problems among adolescents. METHOD: This research was conducted with a representative sample of 875 adolescents. This cross-sectional study used the Internet Addiction Test, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ version 4.0, Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, and sleep duration. Sociodemographic factors were also analyzed. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate relationships between variables. RESULTS: After adjusting the model for covariances between the latent variables of daytime sleepiness and correlations between the physical and emotional domains of quality of life, the authors obtained satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.031, CFI = 0.926, TLI = 0.909, SRMR = 0.058). Internet addiction was positively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = 0.549, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with quality of life (rho = -0.173, p < 0.001). By contrast, sleep duration was negatively associated with daytime sleepiness (rho = -0.089, p = 0.007), positively associated with quality of life (rho = 0.105, p = 0.014), and dependent on school shift (rho = 0.453, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with higher levels of internet addiction had lower perceptions of quality of life and higher daytime sleepiness. Moreover, sleep duration had a positive correlation with quality of life. Given its detrimental effects on quality of life and daytime sleepiness, parents should better supervise internet use in adolescents.

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BACKGROUND: The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex and involves the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. AIM: We sought to identify potential prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors for ASD in a unique population of children who had perinatal complications and required care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 73 patients discharged from a NICU who received long-term follow-up at the largest children's hospital in Brazil. Potential risk factors were compared between 44 children with a diagnosis of ASD and 29 children without using the Mann-Whitney U test. Proportions were analyzed using the chi-square test. Simple and multiple logistic regression tests were performed. RESULTS: Of 38 factors analyzed, the following 7 were associated with ASD: family history of neuropsychiatric disorders (p = 0.049); maternal psychological distress during pregnancy (p = 0.007); ≥ 26 days in the NICU (p = 0.001); feeding tube for ≥ 15 days (p = 0.014); retinopathy of prematurity (p = 0.022); use of three or more antibiotics (p = 0.008); and co-sleeping until up to 2 years of age (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: This study found associations between specific risk factors during critical neurodevelopmental periods and a subsequent diagnosis of ASD. Knowledge of the etiologic factors that may influence the development for ASD is paramount for the development of intervention strategies and improvement of prognoses.

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Objective: We compared Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)-AAA (Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Anxious/Depressed) and Parent-Young Mania Rating Scale (P-YMRS) profiles in Brazilian children with ADHD, pediatric-onset bipolar disorder (PBD), and PBD + ADHD. Method: Following analyses of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests with multiple-comparison Least Significant Difference (LSD) or Dunn's Tests, thresholds were determined by Mann-Whitney U Tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots. Results: Relative to ADHD, PBD and PBD + ADHD groups scored higher on the Anxious/Depressed, Thought Problems, Rule-Breaking, and Aggressive Behavior subscales and Conduct/Delinquency Diagnostic Scale of the CBCL; all three had similar attention problems. The PBD and PBD + ADHD groups scored higher than the ADHD and healthy control (HC) groups on all CBCL problem scales. The AAA-profile ROC had good diagnostic prediction of PBD + ADHD. PBD and PBD-ADHD were associated with (similarly) elevated P-YMRS scores. Conclusion: The CBCL-PBD and P-YMRS can be used to screen for manic behavior and assist in differential diagnosis.

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BACKGROUND: There are several instruments that are generally used to analyze levels of physical activity (PA) in people with visual impairment. However, few instruments are validated for this population. The purpose of this study was to compare the subjective and objective variables of PA and to propose the use of the Rating of Perceived Capacity (RPC) to evaluate the level of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day in this population. METHODS: Thirty-seven individuals with visual impairment participated in the study (19 blind without light perception and 18 low-vision). For the subjective physical activity evaluation, it was used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and for the objective evaluation, it was used the ActiGraph GT3X+. RESULTS: Among the three analyzed (PA) intensities: moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA) and MVPA, in VPA and MVPA was observed differences between the two methods (P=0.002 and P=0.011 respectively). Furthermore, the concordance between subjective and objective MVPA was not observed (ICC=0.239; P=0.176), and a greater variability of differences in MVPA between the two methods was observed by the Bland Altman scatter plot. However, positive correlation was found between the RPC and MVPA (P=0.470; P=0.003). In addition, in the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, it was verified that values greater than 8 points in the RPC showed a predictive capacity for sufficient levels of objective MVPA (AUC=0.809, sensitivity =66.7, specificity =90.9, P≤0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the MVPA per day obtained by IPAQ-SF did not show agreement for the objective MVPA in visually impaired individuals. On the other hand, RPC presented itself as an alternative, practical and accessible tool to predict adequate levels of MVPA per day in this population.

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This study analyzed the associations between physical activity (PA) and motor proficiency (MP) to determine what level of moderate PA might help avoid low MP in 8-10-year-old Brazilian children. We assessed MP of 98 children using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency, Second Edition Short Form (BOT-2 SF), and we assessed PA using the GT3X + accelerometer. We analyzed data using means, standard deviations, frequency distribution, spearman correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney U test, and the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve. There was a difference between groups of children with adequate or better versus low MP in minutes/day of moderate PA (defined as 2,296-4,011 accelerometer counts/minute; U = 666.0, p = .045) such that those with less time engaged in moderate PA had lower MP scores than peers with adequate MP. There was also a positive correlation between moderate PA and the strength and agility MP domain ( rs = .226; p = .025). In addition, minutes/day of moderate PA less than or equal to 142.56 minutes showed predictive capacity for low MP (area under the curve = 0.635; p = .027). Thus, objective measures of PA were able to predict low MP in 8-10-year-old Brazilian children, with an approximate guideline of about 2.5 hours per day of moderate PA needed to protect against low MP.

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between the perception of body weight (as above or below the desired) and behaviors for body weight control in adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 1051 adolescents (aged 15-19 years) who were high school students attending public schools. The authors collected information on the perception of body weight (dependent variable), weight control behaviors (initiative to change the weight, physical exercise, eating less or cutting calories, fasting for 24 h, taking medications, vomiting, or taking laxatives), and measured body weight and height to calculate the body mass index and then classify the weight status. Associations were tested by multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: Adolescents of both sexes who perceived their body weight as below the expected weight took more initiatives to gain weight, and those who perceived themselves as overweight made more efforts to lose weight. In adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight, the behavior of not taking medication was associated with the outcome only in boys (Odds Ratio = 8.12), whereas in girls, an association was observed with the variables eating less, cutting calories, or avoiding fatty foods aiming to lose or avoid increasing body weight (Odds Ratio = 3.39). Adolescents of both sexes who practiced exercises were more likely to perceive themselves as overweight (male Odds Ratio = 2.00; Odds Ratio = 1.93 female). Conclusion: The perception of the body weight as above and below one's expected weight was associated with weight control behaviors, which were more likely to result in initiatives to lose and gain weight, respectively.

Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a associação da percepção (acima ou abaixo) do peso corporal esperado com os comportamentos para controle de peso em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal, feito com 1.051 adolescentes (15 a 19 anos) do ensino médio de escolas públicas estaduais. Foram coletadas informações sobre a percepção do peso corporal (variável dependente), comportamentos de controle de peso (iniciativa para mudar o peso, prática de exercícios físicos, comer menos ou cortar calorias, ficar 24 h sem comer, tomar medicamentos, vomitar ou tomar laxantes) e aferidas as medidas de massa corporal e estatura para cálculo do índice de massa corporal e classificação do status do peso. As associações foram testadas por meio da regressão logística multinomial. Resultados: Adolescentes de ambos os sexos com percepção do peso corporal abaixo do peso esperado apresentaram mais iniciativas para ganhar peso e aqueles que se percebiam acima do peso tiveram mais iniciativas para perder peso. Nos adolescentes que se percebiam acima do peso, o comportamento de não tomar medicamento esteve associado ao desfecho apenas nos rapazes (OR = 8,12), enquanto nas moças observou-se associação com comer menos, cortar calorias ou evitar alimentos gordurosos para perder ou para não aumentar o peso corporal (OR = 3,39). Adolescentes de ambos os sexos que faziam exercício físico tiveram maior chance de se perceber acima do peso (masculino OR = 2,00; feminino OR = 1,93). Conclusão: A percepção do peso acima e abaixo do peso esperado esteve associada aos comportamentos de controle de peso, nos quais, respectivamente, tinham mais chances de tomar iniciativas para perder e para ganhar peso.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the perception of body weight (as above or below the desired) and behaviors for body weight control in adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included 1051 adolescents (aged 15-19 years) who were high school students attending public schools. The authors collected information on the perception of body weight (dependent variable), weight control behaviors (initiative to change the weight, physical exercise, eating less or cutting calories, fasting for 24h, taking medications, vomiting, or taking laxatives), and measured body weight and height to calculate the body mass index and then classify the weight status. Associations were tested by multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Adolescents of both sexes who perceived their body weight as below the expected weight took more initiatives to gain weight, and those who perceived themselves as overweight made more efforts to lose weight. In adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight, the behavior of not taking medication was associated with the outcome only in boys (Odds Ratio=8.12), whereas in girls, an association was observed with the variables eating less, cutting calories, or avoiding fatty foods aiming to lose or avoid increasing body weight (Odds Ratio=3.39). Adolescents of both sexes who practiced exercises were more likely to perceive themselves as overweight (male Odds Ratio=2.00; Odds Ratio=1.93 female). CONCLUSION: The perception of the body weight as above and below one's expected weight was associated with weight control behaviors, which were more likely to result in initiatives to lose and gain weight, respectively.

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Este estudo objetivou investigar como ocorreu a introdução do Karate-Do Shotokan no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, por meio da reconstrução das memórias do sensei Luiz Tasuke Watanabe. Tendo como perspectiva teórico-metodológica a História Oral recuperou-se as memórias deste sensei, que foi um dos precursores do estilo Shotokan de Karate-Do no estado. Para tanto, foi gravada e transcrita uma entrevista com o sensei Watanabe. Além desta fonte oral, também foram analisadas fontes documentais, bem como, realizada a revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto. As análises empreendidas nas fontes acessadas revelaram que Watanabe, ainda criança, emigrou do Japão para o Brasil com sua família e teve sua iniciação no Karate-Do por intermédio de seu irmão, que havia sido praticante no Japão. A prática do Karate-Do intensificou-se quando prestou o serviço militar ao ser aluno do sensei Yasutaka Tanaka, que ministrava aulas no exército. Posteriormente, em 1970, a convite do sensei Teruo Obata, Watanabe foi designado para dar aulas em Porto Alegre, onde atuou em diversas localidades, colaborando mais tarde para a criação do Departamento de Karate da Federação de Pugilismo do Rio Grande do Sul. Watanabe, na época, atuava como professor, mas também participou de competições. No ano de 1972, conquistou o primeiro lugar no Campeonato Mundial de Karate e alcançou destaque a nível nacional, contribuindo para a divulgação desta prática. Após uma década na cidade, em 1981, Watanabe partiu de Porto Alegre por designação do exército, retornando a cidade somente 30 anos depois para ministrar um curso...(AU)

This study aimed to investigate how occurred the introduction of Karate-Do Shotokan in Rio Grande do Sul state, through the reconstruction of memories of Luiz Tasuke Watanabe sensei. Having as theoretical and methodological perspective of the Oral History recovered the memories of this sensei, one of Shotokan karate style precursors in the state. For that was was recorded and transcribed an interview with Watanabe sensei. In addition to this oral source were analyzed documentary sources and was performed a bibliographic review about the subject. The analyzes undertaken in the accessed sources revealed that Watanabe, as a child, along with his family migrated from Japan to Brazil and had its initiation in karate, through his brother, who had been practicing in Japan. The practice of Karate-Do was intensified when paid military service and was a student of sensei Yasutaka Tanaka, who ministered classes in the army. After, in 1970 at the invitation of sensei Teruo Obata, Watanabe was appointed to teach in Porto Alegre, where he served in several places and also colaborated to creation of Karate Department of Pugilism Federation of Rio Grande Sul. Watanabe worked as a teacher and participated in competitions, and in 1972 won first place at the World Karate Championships. So, gained prominence in national level and contributes to the dissemination of Karate. After a decade in the city in 1981, Watanabe left Porto Alegre, by appointment of the army, returning the city only 30 years later to minister a course...(AU)

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Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: The translation/validation process was carried out through translation, back translation, technical review, assessment of verbal comprehension/clarity of the scale by experts and a focus group, test–retest, and application of the tool. The reproducibility analysis was performed by applying the PDSS in test–retest; internal consistency was verified by applying the scale in 90 children and adolescents. Results: The mean score of the sum of PDSS questions was 15.6 (SD = 5.0) points. The PDSS showed appropriate indicators of content validation and clarity for the Brazilian Portuguese version. The internal consistency analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.784. The PDSS showed adequate reproducibility. The PDSS scores showed a significant and negative correlation with time spent in bed (r = −0.214; p = 0.023). Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the PDSS shows satisfactory indicators of validity and can be applied in clinical practice and scientific research.

Resumo Objetivo: Traduzir e validar o Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) para o português (Brasil). Método: O processo da tradução/validação deu-se por meio da tradução, retrotradução, revisão técnica, avaliação da compreensão verbal/clareza do questionário por especialistas e por grupo focal, teste-reteste e aplicação do instrumento. A análise de reprodutibilidade fez-se por meio da aplicação da PDSS em teste-reteste e a consistência interna pela aplicação da escala em 90 crianças e adolescentes. Resultados: A pontuação média verificada no somatório das questões da PDSS foi 15,6 (5) pontos. A PDSS apresentou adequados indicadores de validade de conteúdo e clareza de linguagem em português do Brasil. A análise da consistência interna identificou alfa de Cronbach de 0,784. A PDSS apresentou adequada reprodutibilidade. Os escores da PDSS apresentaram correlação negativa e significativa com o tempo na cama (r = -0,214; p = 0,023). Conclusões: A versão em português da PDSS apresenta satisfatórios indicadores de validade e pode ser aplicada na prática clínica e em pesquisas científicas.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: The translation/validation process was carried out through translation, back translation, technical review, assessment of verbal comprehension/clarity of the scale by experts and a focus group, test-retest, and application of the tool. The reproducibility analysis was performed by applying the PDSS in test-retest; internal consistency was verified by applying the scale in 90 children and adolescents. RESULTS: The mean score of the sum of PDSS questions was 15.6 (SD=5.0) points. The PDSS showed appropriate indicators of content validation and clarity for the Brazilian Portuguese version. The internal consistency analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.784. The PDSS showed adequate reproducibility. The PDSS scores showed a significant and negative correlation with time spent in bed (r=-0.214; p=0.023). CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the PDSS shows satisfactory indicators of validity and can be applied in clinical practice and scientific research.

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