RESUMEN
Drug addiction, violence and anti-social behaviour are characteristics of street prostitution. An alternative approach to zero tolerance is establishing a managed zone where sex workers operate according to regulations and can access health services. Using a consultation with sex workers (n=50), businesses (n=51), residents (n=179) and the public (n=789) we examined where a zone might be established in a UK city (Liverpool) and characteristics of the zone required by these stakeholders. All groups believed a zone would improve sex workers' safety and reduce prostitution elsewhere. Sex workers (96%) agreed to work in a zone. Location criteria from all groups were used to identify two potential business areas to host a zone but businesses in or near these areas rejected plans through fear for staff safety and reduced business. We discuss the consultation process, difficulties in locating services for marginalised groups in cities and the implications for health and judicial policy relating to prostitution.
Asunto(s)
Actitud Frente a la Salud , Comercio/organización & administración , Planificación en Salud Comunitaria/organización & administración , Trabajo Sexual/psicología , Control Social Formal/métodos , Salud Urbana , Adolescente , Adulto , Participación de la Comunidad , Inglaterra , Femenino , Geografía , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Humanos , Características de la Residencia , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/prevención & control , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Thirty-two adult female white-tailed deer were assigned to four complete pelleted diets (+/- 45 ppm vitamin E; +/- 0.2 ppm selenium). Selenium and vitamin E concentration in the unsupplemented diet was 0.04 and 5.5 ppm, respectively. Biochemical parameters of the erythrocyte (RBC) glutathione peroxidase system and survival of off-spring to weaning were followed for 2 years. At the end of the second year, 12 male young (3 per treatment) and the remaining adults were killed, and liver and muscle parameters of the glutathione system determined. Plasma selenium (Se) and vitamin E (E) were significantly lower among unsupplemented adults within 6 months of treatment and remained essentially constant from 10 months on. In vitro hemolysis and mortality of young were affected by dietary E but not by Se. Tissue glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was correlated with tissue Se in all tissues measured (RBC, liver and muscle). Tissue Se, in turn, was related to dietary Se. Thus, dietary Se deficiency (Se = 0.04 ppm) resulted in biochemical deficiency (depressed GSH-Px). This was not reflected in gross lesions among the adults, nor in increased mortality among young.
Asunto(s)
Ciervos/metabolismo , Selenio/metabolismo , Vitamina E/metabolismo , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Dieta , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Femenino , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Glutatión Reductasa/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo , Selenio/deficienciaRESUMEN
Six cases of unrelated visual defects in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Michigan are described. Two were congenital, two were of infectious etiology, one from central nervous neoplasia, and one from degenerative changes in lenses of both eyes.