RESUMEN
Comparative analysis covered three models of occupational risk evaluation: (1) Method to evaluate risks at workplace, elaborated in Finland and recommended by International Work Safety Agency for Eastern Europe and Central Asia countries; (2) Method elaborated in Research Institute for Occupational Medicine with RAMSc under the direction of N.F. Izmerov and E.I. Denisov; (3) Method evaluating individual occupational risk, with consideration of work conditions and worker's health state, also elaborated in Research Institute for Occupational Medicine with RAMSc and Klin Institute of Work conditions and safety, approved in 2011 as methodic recommendations. Findings are that in contemporary Russia a unified method evaluating occupational risk is more expedient; the first method satisfactorily describes actual ratio of occupational risk levels and could be useful as an additional method for its evaluation, especially for psycho-social factors; the second method does not allow to evaluate occupational risk acceptably if absent longstanding occupational morbidity, but is recommended for risk evaluation in evidence-based medicine; the third method is recommended at federal level to fulfil requirements of Labour Code in Russian Federation and obligatory social insurance purposes.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Salud Laboral , Medicina del Trabajo/métodos , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Asia Central/epidemiología , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Finlandia/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Psicología , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Complex study of work conditions and health parameters of workers engaged into small and medium business proved that preserved and better health of these workers, prevention of occupational and occupationally mediated diseases necessitate federal and regional complex system of measures including legal basis, database on work conditions and their influence on small and medium business workers' health, occupational medicine training for employers and employees, more active involvement of medical institutioins into screening for occupational diseases.
Asunto(s)
Comercio , Estado de Salud , Enfermedades Profesionales/prevención & control , Salud Laboral , Medicina del Trabajo/educación , Empleo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Laboral/legislación & jurisprudencia , Psicología , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The authors analyzed occupaitional and non-occupational psycho-social factors for comprehensive school teachers, evaluated their health state according to self-estimation and to thorough medical examinations conducted in prophylactic examinations. Findings are that the major working hazard for the teachers is work intensity: about 80% of the teachers consider the work physically exhausting and nearly 90% assume the work exhausting morally. High prevalence of general non-infectious diseases and health state complaints necessitates regular periodic medical examinations for teachers.
Asunto(s)
Estado de Salud , Enfermedades Profesionales , Enseñanza , Trabajo , Autoevaluación Diagnóstica , Humanos , Modelos Teóricos , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Federación de Rusia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
First stage of hygienic and psychosocial studies on evaluating the conditions, work specification and health state of small and medium scale business enterprise workers is finished. Findings are that psychosocial factors of work process are highly significant for those workers, and locomotor disorders (backaches) are leaders in morbidity structure among those workers.
Asunto(s)
Comercio/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Adulto , Aterosclerosis/epidemiología , Aterosclerosis/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/irrigación sanguínea , Extremidad Inferior/fisiopatología , Masculino , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
Contemporary state of analytic basis enables to use human biologic materials adequately reflecting present ecologic situation for social hygienic monitoring of environmental pollution with heavy metals. To conduct biologic monitoring, regional databases on background metals content of human biologic materials are required. Regional data on elements contents of human body helps precise evaluation of health risk in exposure to environmental hazards.