RESUMEN
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of colloidal chitosan - silver nanoparticle - fluoride nanocomposites (CChAgNpFNc), with different silver nanoparticle shapes and sizes. The syntheses of CChAgNpFNc were performed with silver nitrate added to a chitosan solution, addition of a sodium borohydride solution and solid sodium fluoride. Solution of ascorbic acid was added to synthesize larger silver nanoparticles. CChAgNpFNc obtained: S1- 100% spherical, 8.7±3.1nm; S2- 97% spherical, 15.0±7.9nm and 2.5% triangular, 22.2±9.5nm; S3- 77.3% spherical, 31.8±10.4nm, 15.9% triangular, 27.1±10.1nm and 6.8% elliptical, 33.2±7.8nm; and S4- 75.2% spherical, 43.2±14.3nm; 23.3% triangular 38.2±14.8nm, and 1.5% elliptical 38.4±11.6nm. The CChAgNpFNc showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, by microdilution technique. The influence on the growth of microorganisms was evaluated using a fluorescence assay, and showed an increasing lag phase and a decreasing log phase. Cytotoxicity was investigated using Artemia salina and MTT assays. The S3 and S4 samples exhibited low cytotoxicity. The S1 and S2 samples inhibited murine macrophages and revealed lethal dose concentrations above 1000mg/mL that were classified as moderately toxic. Thus, CChAgNpFNc are potential options for the control of multiple-drug-resistant microorganisms and do not represent substantial risks to human health.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Quitosano/química , Fluoruros/farmacología , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Nanocompuestos/toxicidad , Animales , Antibacterianos/química , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Coloides , Enterococcus faecalis/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Fluoruros/química , Humanos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/ultraestructura , Ratones , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Nanocompuestos/química , Nanocompuestos/ultraestructura , Tamaño de la Partícula , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Células RAW 264.7 , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Objetivo: Avaliar os aspectos norteadores da atenção à saúdebucal de gestantes atendidas nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USFs) da Cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Material e método: Foi realizado um estudo transversal do tipo observacional. A amostra foi composta por 360 gestantes cadastradas no pré-natal. Na coleta de dados, foi utilizado um formulário. O teste de qui-quadrado foi aplicado, sendo adotado nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A faixa etária de 19 a 29 anos foi a mais frequente (66,68%). As gestantes receberam alguma informação de como cuidar dos seus dentes durante a gestação (55,3%). Destas, 53,8% obteve informação do cirurgião-dentista, seguido dos médicos (30,7%). A maioria das gestantes relatou acreditar que a gravidez provoca algum problema dentário (66,7%). As gestantes que acreditavam poder fazer tratamento odontológico durante a gravidez receberam informações de como cuidar de seus dentes durante esse período (61%) (p < 0,001). Noventa e sete gestantes (65,1%) afirmaram ter recebido informação de como cuidar de seus dentes durante a gestação e acreditavam que a gravidez pode causar problema dentário, como cárie (p = 0,03). Conclusões: Os mitos estão presentes no atendimento odontológico as gestantes com associação entre gravidez e problemas dentários. Os médicos e Cirurgiões-dentistas da ESF foram os principais veículos de informação sobre saúde bucal.
Objective: To evaluate the guiding oral health care of pregnant women attending the Family Health Units (FHU) of João Pessoa City/PB. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. A sample was composed by 360 pregnant women submitted prenatal care. A form was used to collect of data. The chi-square test was applied, with the significance level of 5%. Results: The majority pregnant women had age between 19 up to 29 year old (66.68%). The women received some information about care for their teeth during pregnancy (55.3%). Of these, 53.8% obtained information from the dentists, followed by doctors (30.7%). Most patients reported believing that pregnancy causes some dental problem (66.7%). Pregnant women who believed they could make dental treatment during pregnancy, received information about caring foryour teeth during this period (61%) (p <0 .001). Ninety-seven women (65.1%) said they had received information about care for your teeth during pregnancy and believed that pregnancy can cause dental problem, such as caries (p = 0.03). Conclusions: The myths are present in dental care of pregnant women with association between dental problems and pregnancy. Physicians and Dentists FHU were the main vehicles of information about oral health.