RESUMEN
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational welder's pneumoconiosis (OWP) in the shipbuilding industry in Guangzhou City from 2006 to 2022. Methods Data on newly diagnosed OWP cases in the shipbuilding industry in Guangzhou City from 2006 to 2022 was collected and ananlyzed from the Health Hazard Monitoring Information System subsystem of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System. ResultA total of 250 cases of new welder's pneumoconiosis were diagnosed in the shipbuilding industry in Guangzhou City from 2006 to 2022. The number of new cases per year showed an initial increase followed by a rapid decline, reaching a peak in 2013 (65 cases). Most of the cases were male, accounted for 99.2%. There were 220 cases reported the OWP stage, with the stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ cases accounted for 93.6% and 6.4%, respectively, but no stage Ⅲ cases were reported. The median (M) age and the 25th and 75th percentiles (P25, P75) at diagnosis was 43.0 (39.0, 47.0) years and the dust exposure years M (P25, P75) was 11.2 (8.1, 14.7) years. The M of age at diagnosis of new OWP cases in 2015-2018 and 2019-2022 were higher than those in 2006-2010 and 2011-2014, respectively (all P<0.05). The M of dust exposure duration of new OWP cases from 2006-2010 and 2019-2022 was higher than that in cases from 2015-2018 and 2011-2014, respectively (all P<0.05). Most of the small shadows of the cases were circular small p shadows and distributed in the bilateral middle and lower lung zones, with a density mostly of 1/1, according to the X-ray chest films. Conclusion The hazard of welding fumes in the shipbuilding industry in Guangzhou City has been controlled, but the prevention and control of OWP among welders remains severe.
RESUMEN
In order to meet the needs of social development for public health talents and optimize the curriculum system and teaching content of preventive medicine, the course of "Health Emergency" should be set up. It integrates the related content in many courses, and there are 20 hours for theory and 18 hours for experiment or practice. The course takes the emergency response as the cutting point focuses on the projects with high demand of the industry improves the platform and expands the content of emergency skill training through the extracurricular activities and special lectures. Combining theory with practice, this paper explores teaching reform measures that are conducive to improving students' core competence in public health.