RESUMEN
The water relation strategy is a key issue in climate change. Given the difficulty of determining water relations strategy, there is a need for simple traits with a solid theoretical basis to estimate it. Traits associated with resource allocation patterns along a 'fast-slow' plant economics spectrum are particularly compelling, reflecting trade-offs between growth rate and carbon allocation. Avocado (Persea americana ), fig tree (Ficus carica ), mandarin (Citrus reticulata ), olive (Olea europaea ), pomegranate (Punica granatum ), and grapevine (Vitis vinifera ) were characterised in terms of iso-anisohydric strategy through stomatal behaviour, water potential at the turgor loss point (TLP), and hydroscape area. Additionally, the association of these metrics with leaf mass per area (LMA) and wood density (WDen) was explored. We observed high coordination between LMA and WDen, and both traits were related to metrics of water relation strategy. More anisohydric species tended to invest more carbon per unit leaf area or unit stem volume, which has implications for hydraulic efficiency and water stress tolerance. WDen and TLP were the most powerful traits in estimating the water relation strategy for six fruit species. These traits are easy to measure, time-cost efficient, and appear central to coordinating multiple traits and behaviours along the water relations strategies.
Asunto(s)
Carbono , Hojas de la Planta , Tallos de la Planta , Árboles , Agua , Hojas de la Planta/fisiología , Hojas de la Planta/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hojas de la Planta/anatomía & histología , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Agua/metabolismo , Carbono/metabolismo , Tallos de la Planta/crecimiento & desarrollo , Tallos de la Planta/fisiología , Tallos de la Planta/anatomía & histología , Árboles/crecimiento & desarrollo , Árboles/fisiología , Persea/fisiología , Persea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Citrus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Citrus/fisiología , Citrus/anatomía & histología , Frutas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Vitis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Vitis/fisiología , Olea/fisiología , Olea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Ficus/fisiología , Ficus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Granada (Fruta)RESUMEN
Spatially explicit soil information is crucial for comprehending and managing many of Earth´s processes related to carbon, water, and other biogeochemical cycles. We introduced a gridded database of soil physical properties and hydraulic parameters at 100 meters spatial resolution. It covers the continental area of Chile and binational basins shared with Argentina for six standardized depths following the specifications of the GlobalSoilMap project. We generated soil maps based on digital soil mapping techniques based on more than 4000 observations, including unpublished data from remote areas. These maps were used as input for the pedotransfer function Rosetta V3 to obtain predictions of soil hydraulic properties, such as field capacity, permanent wilting point, total available water capacity, and other parameters of the water retention curve. The trained models outperformed several other DSM studies applied at the national and regional scale for soil physical properties (nRMSE ranging from 6.93% to 15.7%) and delivered acceptable predictions (nRMSE ranging from 10.4% to 15.6%) for soil hydraulic properties, making them suitable for countless environmental studies.