RESUMEN
Tongue cancer is more prevalent in male smokers and alcoholics. Although an increased incidence of tongue cancer has been noted in non-smoking and non-alcoholic women, reports of its occurrence in mother and daughter are extremely rare. Here, we report a case of a non-smoking and non-alcoholic mother and her daughter diagnosed and treated surgically for tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The daughter is still being monitored and the mother died from complications from COVID-19 after 6 years of treatment. This report shows that OSCC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcerated lesions in non-smoking and non-alcoholic women, especially if there is a family history of first-degree oral cancer.
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Neoplasias de la Lengua , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , COVID-19/complicaciones , Madres , No Fumadores/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias de la Lengua/patología , AncianoRESUMEN
Social isolation has affected a large number of people and may lead to impairment of physical and mental health. Although stress resulting from social isolation may increase cancer progression, its interference on tumorigenesis is poorly known. In this study, we used a preclinical model to evaluate the effects of social isolation stress on chemically induced oral carcinogenesis. Sixty-two 21-day-old male Wistar rats were divided into isolated and grouped groups. After 90 days of age, the rats from both groups underwent oral carcinogenesis with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) for 20 weeks. All rats were assessed for depressive-like behavior and euthanized for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) diagnosis and measurement of inflammatory mediators in the tumor microenvironment. Social isolation stress increased the OSCC occurrence by 20.4% when compared to control. Isolated rats also showed higher tumor volume and cachexia than the grouped rats. Social isolation did not induce changes in the depressive-like behavior after carcinogenic induction. Tumors from stressed rats had increased levels of the inflammatory mediators, TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and MCP-1. The concentrations of TNF-alpha and MCP-1 were significantly increased in the large tumors from isolated animals. Higher tumor levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL1-beta and MCP-1 were positively correlated with OSCC growth. This study provides the first evidence that social isolation stress may facilitate OSCC occurrence and tumor progression, an event accompanied by increased local levels of inflammatory mediators.
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4-Nitroquinolina-1-Óxido/toxicidad , Conducta Animal , Depresión , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Aislamiento Social , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Estrés Psicológico , Animales , Citocinas/metabolismo , Depresión/metabolismo , Depresión/patología , Depresión/fisiopatología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/fisiopatología , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/inducido químicamente , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/fisiopatología , Estrés Psicológico/metabolismo , Estrés Psicológico/patología , Estrés Psicológico/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Beta-adrenergic signaling can influence cancer progression and the use of beta blockers as adjuvant drugs in oncologic patients has been suggested. However, the involvement of beta-adrenergic blockers in tumorigenesis is poorly understood. This study investigated the action of beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol on tumor onset using a preclinical model of chemically induced oral cancer. METHODS: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were subjected to daily subcutaneous injection of beta-blocker propranolol (10 mg/kg; SubQ), while another 32 rats received only a PBS injection (sham group). One week after starting propranolol treatment, all rats were submitted to chemical induction of oral carcinogenesis with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). After 16 weeks, they were assessed for occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), in addition to measurement of tumor volume and thickness, and tissue levels of cytokines IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-10 in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS: Propranolol treatment reduced the occurrence of OSCC by 31%, 95% CI ( - 127, 216). Beta-adrenergic blocker significantly decreased thickness of OSCC when compared with PBS. Rats treated with propranolol exhibited a lower tumor volume when compared with control rats, but this result did not reach statistical significance. Tumors from propranolol-treated rats exhibited reduced concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. There was no difference in the IL-10 levels between tumors from propranolol- and sham-treated rats. CONCLUSION: Beta-adrenergic signaling may be one of the mechanisms associated with chemically induced oral carcinogenesis.
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Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administración & dosificación , Carcinogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias de la Boca/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Propranolol/administración & dosificación , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológico , 4-Nitroquinolina-1-Óxido/administración & dosificación , 4-Nitroquinolina-1-Óxido/toxicidad , Animales , Carcinogénesis/inducido químicamente , Carcinógenos/administración & dosificación , Carcinógenos/toxicidad , Citocinas/inmunología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/inmunología , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/prevención & control , Invasividad Neoplásica/prevención & control , Neoplasias Experimentales/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias Experimentales/patología , Neoplasias Experimentales/prevención & control , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/inducido químicamente , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/prevención & control , Microambiente Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a benign mixed odontogenic tumor comprised of a loose connective tissue with a similar morphology with dental papilla and exhibiting in its periphery the presence of a columnar epithelium. POT occurs in young patients and typically is associated with an unerupted tooth, with the mandible being the main anatomic site of occurrence. The present manuscript is aimed at describing a new case of POT and reviewing the main biologic findings related to this odontogenic tumor.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to revisit benign odontogenic ghost cell lesions (BOGCL) by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty cases of calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and 6 cases of dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) were selected for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Sections stained for cytokeratin (K) 14, K-19, amelogenin, collagen type 1 (COL-1), and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP-1) were evaluated using qualitative analysis. Sections stained for Ki-67 and minichromosome maintenance protein-2 (MCM-2) were evaluated using semi-quantitative analysis. RESULTS: A morphologic overlap was noticed in all BOGCL. Moreover, no differences were detected in the expression of K-14 and K-19. The expression of proliferative markers Ki-67 and MCM-2 was similar between cystic and tumor lesions (p > .05). The presence of COL-1 and absence of amelogenin in the so-called dysplastic dentin, associated with its histologic pattern, suggest that this is in fact an enameloid-like tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The dysplastic dentin should be considered an enameloid-like tissue in these lesions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The similarity in histology, protein expression, and proliferative marker indices between COC and DGCT suggest that they are a sole entity and likely represent types of the same neoplasia.
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Dentina , Quiste Odontogénico Calcificado , Tumores Odontogénicos , Colágeno Tipo I , Humanos , QueratinasAsunto(s)
Obesidad/metabolismo , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Extracción Dental/tendencias , Alveolo Dental/metabolismo , Aumento de Peso/fisiología , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiología , Animales , Masculino , Obesidad/patología , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Extracción Dental/efectos adversos , Alveolo Dental/patologíaRESUMEN
There is mounting evidence on the importance of some biological processes in tumor growth, such as vascular supply, apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. We have investigated these processes in polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA), in an attempt to identify those that are relevant for this particular lesion. We analyzed 31 cases of PLGA using immunohistochemistry to antibodies against CD34 and CD105 to detect blood vessels; against D2-40 to detect lymphatic vessels; against Bax, Bcl-2, and survivin to explore cell apoptosis; and against Beclin and LCB3 to investigate autophagy and against p21 and p16 to assess senescence. Our results showed that PLGA growth does not depend on newly formed vessels but only on preexisting vasculature. Furthermore, PLGA is promoted by autophagy, sustained by both anti-apoptotic and anti-senescence signals, and stimulated by Bcl-2 and survivin.
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Adenocarcinoma/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Neovascularización Patológica/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Apoptosis/fisiología , Autofagia/fisiología , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Senescencia Celular/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor characterized by slow and progressive growth. When central lesions are associated with an unerupted permanent tooth, they are also known as the follicular type. Histological variants of AOT may complicate diagnosis with possible adverse effects on treatment and prognosis. The aim of this study is to report a case of a follicular AOT with extensive calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT)-like histopathological areas in the anterior region of the mandible that was treated by enucleation. The teeth displaced by the tumor were repositioned with orthodontic treatment, and after 7 years of follow-up, the bone trabeculae were normal with no evidence of recurrence. The clinical, radiographic and histopathologic aspects of these tumors are discussed and the debate surrounding whether these cases are true combined lesions or histologic variants of the primary tumor is raised.
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Neoplasias Mandibulares/patología , Tumores Odontogénicos/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Adolescente , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) remains a diagnostic challenge for most pathologists due to its large spectrum of histological patterns. In this study, the expression of two new markers recently described for salivary gland tumors was studied in PLGA. METHODS: The morphology of 33 cases of PLGA was carefully evaluated using hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections and confirmed by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin 7, vimentin, and S-100. Periodic acid-Schiff with diastase digestion was also used. The expression of mammaglobin and DOG-1 was carried out using the EnVision System. Mammaglobin was assessed according to the percentage of positively stained tumor cells, while DOG-1 was evaluated according to its presence and site. For MCM-2 and Ki-67, markers of proliferation, the labeling index of cell nuclei positivity was evaluated using total cell number. The ETV6-NTRK3 fusion was examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. RESULTS: The histological patterns of the tumor were classified as lobular or non-lobular. For the non-lobular pattern, tubular, cribriform, glomeruliform, trabecular, and papillary patterns were observed. Mammaglobin was present in all PLGA cases, and its expression was stronger (P = 0.01) in the lobular than in the non-lobular pattern. The expression of DOG-1 was present in the apical portion and cytoplasm of the cells. Proliferation markers were low for all cases independent of histological pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma has been confirmed to originate from the intercalated duct and to feature high expression of mammaglobin in its lobular pattern resembling that of mammary secretory analogue carcinoma, except for the ETV6 gene rearrangement.
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Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Anoctamina-1/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Mamoglobina A/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Verruciform xanthoma is a rare, benign lesion, with a papillary aspect, asymptomatic, sessile, white colored, and well-demarcated, that occurs in the gingiva and alveolar mucosa. The histopathological aspect is characterized by the presence of macrophages with foam cytoplasm (xanthoma cells) confined to the soft papillary tissue. The etiology and pathogenic mechanisms are unknown, although some hypothesis, such as local trauma or viral origin have been suggested. The aim of this article was report a clinical case of verruciform xanthoma located in the gingiva showing the clinical and histopathological aspects.
RESUMO O xantoma verruciforme é uma lesão muito rara, benigna, com aspecto papilar, indolor, séssil, localizada, principalmente, na gengiva e mucosa alveolar, podendo ocorrer na pele e genitália. O grau de queratinização da superfície influencia na cor, variando de branca a vermelha. Histopatologicamente é caracterizado pela presença de macrófagos com citoplasma espumoso (células de xantoma) acumulados e confinados ao tecido conjuntivo papilar. Criptas invaginadas alternam-se com extensões papilares. As cristas epiteliais alongadas estendem-se para a lâmina própria em profundidade uniforme. Sua etiologia e patogênese são desconhecidas, apesar de várias hipóteses terem sido sugeridas, como trauma local ou viral. O diagnóstico diferencial pode incluir o papiloma escamoso, o carcinoma escamoso papilar e o condiloma acuminado. O tratamento é a excisão conservadora e o prognóstico é excelente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de xantoma verruciforme localizado na gengiva inserida mostrando seu aspecto clínico e histopatológico.
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Neoplasias Mandibulares/secundario , Neoplasias Mandibulares/terapia , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/terapia , Anciano , Biopsia con Aguja Fina , Terapia Combinada , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Difosfonatos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Factores de Riesgo , TiroidectomíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a rare malignant tumor that usually arises in the minor salivary glands. Growth factors are cell-secreted peptides that regulate biological processes such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In salivary gland tumors, immunoexpression of growth factors and their receptors is associated with cell proliferation, malignant transformation, and tumor invasion. This study analyzed the expression of growth factors and receptors in PLGA, in other to better understand the mechanisms involved in the process of neoplastic cell proliferation and tumor progression. METHODS: The expression of growth factors FGF-2, PDGF-A, PDGF-B and receptors FGFR-1, FGFR-2, PDGFR-α, and EGFR was analyzed in 24 PLGA samples in comparison with normal salivary glands, by immunohistochemistry. A semi-quantitative analysis determined cell positivity in all stained sections. Scores were assigned according to percentage of reactive cells: score 0 < 10%; score 1-10 to 25%; score 2-25% to 50%; score 3->50%. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Most of the growth factors and receptors, apart from FGFR-2, were significantly reactive in PLGA. Comparing to salivary acini, all of the reactive growth factors and receptors were significantly stronger in PLGA. Comparing to salivary ducts, the expression of FGF-2, PDGF-B, FGFR-1, and EGFR was significantly stronger in the nuclei and/or cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. CONCLUSIONS: The increased expression of the growth factors and receptors in the PLGA, compared to normal salivary glands, may be related to cell proliferation, somehow participating in the oncogenic process.
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Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular/biosíntesis , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento/biosíntesis , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/metabolismo , Glándulas Salivales Menores/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Núcleo Celular/patología , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patología , Glándulas Salivales Menores/patologíaRESUMEN
A obesidade que, no passado, foi vista como benéfica à saúde dos ossos, atualmente é relacionada a efeitos negativos sobre seu metabolismo, atuando por meio de diversos mecanismos. Embora a prevalência da obesidade seja crescente em todo o mundo, a literatura carece de conhecimentos sobre seu impacto no reparo ósseo alveolar. Frente a isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da obesidade no processo de reparo alveolar de ratos. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pela Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (processo FOA no. 2014-00293). Foram utilizados 30 ratos Wistar machos de 20 semanas. O grupo controle (GC) (n=15) foi constituído por ratos de peso normal e, o grupo experimental (GE) (n=15), por ratos obesos induzidos por dieta. Todos os animais tiveram o incisivo central superior direito extraído e 5 animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados após 7, 14 e 28 dias. Análises histomorfométricas e imuno-histoquímicas para Osteocalcina, OPG, RANKL e TRAP foram realizadas. A positividade para Osteocalcina, OPG e RANKL foi dada em escores: 1 (leve), 2 (moderada) e 3 (intensa). Os valores da histomorfometria e a quantificação de células TRAP+ foram submetidos à análise estatística (ANOVA e pós-teste Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%). Os resultados histomorfométricos mostraram, em percentual de osso neoformado no terço médio do alvéolo, aos 7 dias pós-exodontia, 70,76% no GC e 28,44% no GE (p<0,05); aos 14 dias, 88,68% no GC e 66,15% no GE (p>O,05) e; aos 28 dias, 91,30% no GC e 90,13% no GE (p>O,05). Para Osteocalcina, aos 7, 14 e 28 dias pós-exodontia respectivamente, o GC apresentou escores 2, 2 e 3, com marcação na matriz óssea, e o GE, 3, 2 e 3, com marcação muito discreta na matriz óssea. Para a OPG, os escores foram 2, 3 e 3 no GC e 2, 2 e 1 no GE. O RANKL apresentou escore 3 em todos os tempos analisados, tanto no GC quanto no GE. O GC apresentou 111, 261 e 156 osteoclastos TRAP+, e o GE, 121, 216 e 237, aos 7, 14 e 28 dias respectivamente. A partir desses resultados, conclui-se que a obesidade teve um impacto negativo no reparo alveolar, com atraso na neoformação óssea nos momentos iniciais e alteração no padrão de mineralização. Embora tenha havido predomínio na sinalização para ativação osteoclástica no GE, o número de osteoclastos ativados não diferiu do GC(AU)
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Animales , Ratas , Regeneración Ósea , Obesidad , Inmunohistoquímica , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence of AC in riverine population in countryside of Amazonas, northern Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients answered a questionnaire and were examined between January and December of 2008. Data were gathered on the following participant's characteristics: 1) age group; 2) gender; 3) ethnicity 4) outdoor activities (sunlight exposure); 5) smoking habits; 6) drinking habits; and 7) access to oral health services (the last dental visit). Clinical observation of the lips for determination of AC presence was used. Patients who presented clinical manifestation of moderate and severe AC were submitted to incisional biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. In case of a positive result after histopathological examination, patients were advised and appropriate treatment was offered. All patients received information about AC and its prevention. RESULTS: Among the 200 participants that were examined, the prevalence of AC was 2% (4 cases). Of all patients surveyed, women were the majority totalizing 124 patients (72.0%). According to age, 48 (24.0%) people were 20-34 year-old; 42 (21.0%) were 35-44-year-old; 50 (25.0%) were 45-60-year-old; and 60 (30.0%) were 61 or older. CONCLUSION: Even though AC was present in a low prevalence rate, an epidemiological variety is expected, once geographic and ethnic differences should be considered.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Rayos Ultravioleta , Heridas y Lesiones , Queilitis , EpidemiologíaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral lesions in infectious-contagious diseases patients being treated in the University Hospital of the Federal University of Pará, northern Brazil. One hundred seven patients with infectious diseases were clinically investigated for oral lesions at the University Hospital of Pará, northern Brazil. From total sample, most patients were men (65.7%) with a mean age of 45.4 years. About prevalence of systemic diseases, tuberculosis was the most frequent illness, followed by AIDS, hepatitis types B and C, leishmaniasis, and meningitis. Analyzing oral manifestations, periodontal diseases and candidiasis were the most prevalent diseases in both genders, followed by recurrent aphthous ulcers, saburral tongue, simplex herpes, and squamous cell carcinoma. Of all 107 patients, only 10 males and 6 females did not present any oral manifestation. There was no statistical difference between genders with any systemic condition (P>0.05). The great prevalence of oral manifestations in hospitalized patients with systemic disorder emphasizes the need of integral dental care in this context, aiming at a multidisciplinary approach of patients. Therefore, presence of some oral conditions, such as candidiasis, should be an alert to different systemic conditions, once in assistance with physicians; dentists can influence the early diagnosis and treatment.
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Enfermedades Transmisibles/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Boca/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Boca/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil/epidemiología , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer in the world. The effect of some etiological factors is well established in the literature, such as consumption of tobacco and alcohol. However, approximately 15 to 20% of all oral cancer cases occur in patients without the traditional risk factors, reflecting in numerous cases of OSCC in non-smokers and non-alcoholic drinkers. Also, several studies have suggested a possible association between human papillomavirus and OSCC. Under these aspects, the purpose of this study is to address cases of oral cancer in non-smokers and non-drinkers focusing on the role of HPV, thus contributing to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of OSCC. A computer database search was performed using the Pubmed database. The search key words were: epidemiology, oral squamous cell carcinoma, risk factors and human papillomavirus. It is important to assess patients without the potential risk factors, since this knowledge may help identifying other features associated with the occurrence of oral cancer, enabling an appropriate clinical management and monitoring.
O carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) de boca é o quinto mais comum no mundo. O efeito de alguns fatores etiológicos está bem estabelecido na literatura, como o fumo e o consumo de álcool. No entanto, aproximadamente 15 a 20% dos casos de câncer bucal acometem pacientes sem os tradicionais fatores de risco e isso se traduz em inúmeros casos de CEC bucais em indivíduos não fumantes e não etilistas. Além disso, dados da literatura têm sugerido uma possível associação entre o vírus papiloma humano (HPV) e o carcinoma espinocelular de boca. Em virtude desse aspecto, desenvolveu-se este trabalho na perspectiva de revisar as características mais associadas a esse grupo de pacientes, contribuindo assim para a melhoria no diagnóstico e no acompanhamento dos mesmos. Os artigos que serviram de apoio para o estudo foram localizados por meio da base de dados Pubmed, utilizando os descritores "epidemiologia", "carcinoma espinocelular de boca", "fatores de risco" e "vírus papiloma humano". É importante avaliar pacientes sem tais fatores de risco, uma vez que o conhecimento pode auxiliar na análise de outras características associadas com a ocorrência de carcinoma. Além disso, possibilita melhorar o manejo clínico e monitoramento.
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Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/etiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/epidemiología , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Tumoral invasion process is the result of a complex interaction between the tumor cells and microenvironment which plays an important role in modulating the growth and invasion of the cancer. The myoepithelial cells, present in glandular organs such as the breast and salivary glands, seem to exert paracrine effects on the glandular epithelium, acting as natural tumor suppressors. To verify the influence of the benign myoepithelial cells in the invasion of malignant cells, simulating an in situ carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, we have cultured three different high-potential invasive malignant tumors (breast ductal adenocarcinoma, melanoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma) in conditioned medium of myoepithelial cells from salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas using transwell chambers with 8-µm pores membrane coated with matrigel. After 96 h, quantitative analyses of the results were performed by calculating the invasion index (number of cells that invaded in relation to the total number of cells). The results showed that there was a reduction of the invasion index mean for the three different malignant tumors. This study supports a tumoral suppressor function of the myoepithelial cells from pleomorphic adenoma in in vitro invasion process.
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Adenoma Pleomórfico/patología , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados , Invasividad Neoplásica/patología , Actinas/análisis , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/análisis , Carcinoma in Situ/patología , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Línea Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Cocultivo , Colágeno/química , Cámaras de Difusión de Cultivos , Combinación de Medicamentos , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Laminina/química , Melanoma/patología , Membranas Artificiales , Proteínas de Microfilamentos/análisis , Filtros Microporos , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Proteínas Musculares/análisis , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Proteoglicanos/química , Microambiente Tumoral , Vimentina/análisis , CalponinasRESUMEN
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer in the world. The effect of some etiological factors is well established in the literature, such as consumption of tobacco and alcohol. However, approximately 15 to 20% of all oral cancer cases occur in patients without the traditional risk factors, reflecting in numerous cases of OSCC in non-smokers and non-alcoholic drinkers. Also, several studies have suggested a possible association between human papillomavirus and OSCC. Under these aspects, the purpose of this study is to address cases of oral cancer in non-smokers and non-drinkers focusing on the role of HPV, thus contributing to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of OSCC. A computer database search was performed using the Pubmed database. The search key words were: epidemiology, oral squamous cell carcinoma, risk factors and human papillomavirus. It is important to assess patients without the potential risk factors, since this knowledge may help identifying other features associated with the occurrence of oral cancer, enabling an appropriate clinical management and monitoring.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/etiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Boca/epidemiología , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Disrupted coordination of angiogenesis regulating signals, among them the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietins (Angs), has been associated with abnormal angiogenesis and tumor progression. While VEGF induces endothelial cell proliferation, thereby initiating vessel formation, Angs are subsequently required for mural cell attachment, thus influencing remodeling and maturation of this vasculature. In addition to tumor cell, endothelial and mural cells, as well as myofibroblasts may also contribute to the secretion of these factors. In this study, we have analyzed by immunohistochemistry the expression of VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2 and the Angs receptor Tie2 in both the stroma and tumor cells of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of salivary gland. We have demonstrated that when myofibroblasts were detected adjacent to the cancer cells, they were frequently associated with intense positive staining for Ang-1 and Ang-2, and no reactivity to VEGF and Tie2. These myofibroblast-rich Ang-1 and Ang-2-stained areas were more commonly found in high-grade MEC cases than in low-grade ones. As for the malignant cells, they frequently expressed all proteins studied, but Ang-2 and VEGF were detected at higher levels compared to Ang-1 and Tie2. Our results indicate that the MEC environment favors cooperative activity between Angs and VEGF in modulating vascular growth and tumor aggressiveness.
Asunto(s)
Angiopoyetina 1/metabolismo , Angiopoyetina 2/metabolismo , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Parótida/metabolismo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma Mucoepidermoide/patología , Niño , Femenino , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Parótida/patología , Receptor TIE-2/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign inflammatory lesion, nonneoplastic in nature, which occurs in the oral cavity and skin. This lesion arises in response to various stimuli such as low-grade local irritations, traumatic injury, or hormonal factors. Recently, in some cases, the occurrence of recurrent PGs in skin associated with vascular lesions, such as port-wine stains, has been described. It has been postulated that this association is promoted by arteriovenous anastomoses in the vascular lesions, leading to the development of PG. The authors discuss 2 cases of recurrent PG in patients with a port-wine stain, and the treatment options adopted.