RESUMEN
Objetivos. En España las mujeres no toman una decisión informada sobre su participación en el programa de cribado mamográfico. Se analizó si proporcionar información individualizada y precisa sobre los beneficios y riesgos del programa de cribado mamográfico incrementaba su grado de conocimiento. Pacientes y método. Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado en el que participaron 434 mujeres de entre 45 y 69 años, convocadas a la mamografía de cribado. Doscientas dieciocho fueron aleatorizadas al grupo control y 216 al de intervención. Se evaluó el grado de conocimiento sobre beneficios y riesgos del cribado mamográfico mediante un cuestionario específico, en la segunda entrevista, al mes. Secundariamente se analizaron la actitud, la ansiedad y la depresión, así como la preocupación por el cáncer de las participantes. Resultados. Adquirieron un buen conocimiento 15 de 178 mujeres (8,4%) en el grupo control y 32 de 177 (18,1%) en el de intervención (p=0,008). Las mujeres del grupo de intervención tienen un riesgo relativo 2,39 veces mayor de adquirir un buen conocimiento que las del grupo control (IC 95% 1,24-4,60). No se hallaron diferencias en ninguno de los objetivos secundarios evaluados. Conclusiones. Las mujeres poseen un nivel de conocimientos muy pobre sobre el programa de cribado con mamografía, siendo la televisión su principal fuente de información. La información individualizada incrementó significativamente el grado de buen conocimiento, aunque persistió en porcentajes muy bajos. Tienen una actitud muy positiva sobre el mismo y no se aprecia un impacto negativo en la esfera psicosocial por su participación en este tipo de procedimientos
Objectives. Spanish women do not make an informed choice about their participation in breast cancer screening. Our study hypothesised that providing individualised and accurate information about the benefits and risks of the mammography screening programme in Spain would increase their knowledge. Patients and method. A randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted in 434 women aged between 45 and 69 years: 216 were assigned to the intervention group and 218 to the control group. The degree of knowledge about the benefits and risks of mammography screening was determined from questionnaires administered at baseline and after one month. Secondarily, the participants attitudes, anxiety and depression and cancer worry were analysed. Results. Good knowledge was acquired by 15 of 178 women (8.4%) in the control group and 32 of 177 (18.1%) in the intervention group (P=.008). The relative risk of acquiring a good level of knowledge about the programme was 2.39 times higher in women in the intervention group than in those in the control group (95% CI 1.24-4.60). No differences were found in the secondary endpoints. Conclusions. Women have a very poor level of knowledge about mammography screening, with their main information source being television. Individualized information significantly increased the proportion of women with good knowledge but the percentages remained very low. Women had a very positive attitude to screening and a negative impact in the psychosocial sphere due to their participation was not observed
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Mamografía/métodos , Diagnóstico Precoz , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Mamografía/tendencias , Estrés Psicológico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Servicios de Información , AfectoRESUMEN
Spanish women do not make an informed choice regarding breast cancer screening (BCS). Our aim was to evaluate the impact of receiving information regarding real BCS benefits and risks on knowledge, attitude, decision, feelings, and worries about cancer. Randomized controlled clinical trial of 355 women aged between 45 and 67 years, 177 and 178 assigned to the intervention group (IG) and control group (CG), respectively. After breast screening, women received either Nordic Cochrane Centre information on BCS or standard information. The primary outcome (knowledge) was determined from questionnaire administered at baseline and after a month. Answers were scored from 0 to 10 and scores of 5 or more indicated that women were well informed (had "good knowledge"). Questionnaires regarding attitudes, future screening intentions, and psychosocial impact were also administered. The Chi-squared and Student's t-tests were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. Good knowledge was acquired by 32 (18.10%) IG women and 15 (8.40%) CG women (P = 0.008). Mean scores from first to second interview increased from 2.97 (SD 1.16) to 3.43 (SD 1.39) in the CG and from and from 2.96 (SD 1.23) to 3.95 (SD 1.78) (P = 0.002) in the IG. No differences were found in the secondary endpoints. Women receiving information based on the Nordic Cochrane Centre document were better informed. This means of providing information is not very efficacious, nor does it modify attitude, decision, feelings, or worries about cancer.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Consentimiento Informado , Mamografía , Anciano , Ansiedad , Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Conducta de Elección , Toma de Decisiones , Depresión , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Biopsia del Ganglio Linfático Centinela , España/epidemiología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Participants in breast cancer screening programmes may benefit from early detection but may also be exposed to the risks of overdiagnosis and false positives. We surveyed a sample of Spanish women to assess knowledge, information sources, attitudes and psychosocial impact. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 434 breast cancer screening programme participants aged 45-69 years were administered questionnaires regarding knowledge, information sources, attitudes and psychosocial impact. Scores of 5 or more (out of 10) and 12 or less (out of 24) were established as indicating adequate knowledge and a positive attitude, respectively. Psychosocial impact was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Cancer Worry Scale. RESULTS: Only 42 women (9.7%) had adequate knowledge. The mean (SD) knowledge score was 2.97 (1.16). Better educated women and women without previous false positives had higher scores. The main sources of information were television, press, Andalusian Health Service documentation and family and friends. Most participants (99.1%) had a positive attitude, with a mean (SD) score of 3.21 (2.66). Mean (SD) scores for anxiety, depression and cancer worry were 1.86 (3.26), 0.72 (1.99) and 9.4 (3.04), respectively. CONCLUSION: Women have a very positive attitude to breast cancer screening, but are poorly informed and use television as their main information source. They experience no negative psychosocial impact from participation in such programmes.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/psicología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Mamografía/psicología , Anciano , Ansiedad/psicología , Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Escolaridad , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Percepción , EspañaRESUMEN
Background and objetive: Previous studies have related the delay in starting chemotherapy (>3 months from date of surgery) with worse survival. The study objective is to analyse the delay in the start of chemotherapy and associated biomedical, sociodemographic and cultural factors. Patients and methods: A cohort of women operated on for breast cancer, candidates for receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and participants in a clinical trial of non-pharmacological intervention, were surveyed regarding the delay in starting their chemotherapy, measured by the number of days from date of surgery. Differences in function of the clinical and biographical variables were studied. Results: In 197 women, mean delay was 42.32 (15.29) days; this was associated with tumour stage ( i , 40.06 days; ii , 44.76 days; iii , 38.7 days; P=.049), age (≤35, 37.36 days; 36-64, 41.49 days; ≥65, 52.61 days; P=.007) and occupational situation (active, 36.91 days; unemployed, 45.5 days; pensioner, 40.07 days; housewife, 43.17 days; P=.038). F r patients older than 65 years, the delay in starting adjuvant chemotherapy was longer than for those in the 2 lower age groups -less than 35 years, and between 35 and 65 years- (P=.023 and P=.009 respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the variables associated independently with the delay in starting chemotherapy were again age (P=.019), tumour stage (P=.037) and occupational situation (P=.022). Conclusion: Patients began receiving adjuvant chemotherapy within the time period (3 months from surgery) defined as appropriate, and during which no evidence exists of worse survival results. Length of delay varied according to age, tumour stage and occupational situation (AU)
Fundamento y objetivos: Estudios previos han relacionado el retraso en iniciar la quimioterapia adyuvante (>3 meses desde la cirugía) con peor supervivencia. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el retraso en iniciar quimioterapia y la influencia de los factores biomédicos, sociodemográficos y culturales. Pacientes y método: En una cohorte de mujeres con cáncer de mama, candidatas a quimioterapia adyuvante y participantes en un ensayo clínico de intervención no farmacológica, se recogió la demora en el inicio de quimioterapia desde la cirugía. Se estudiaron las diferencias según variables clínicas y biográficas. Resultados: En 197 mujeres, la demora media (DE) entre cirugía y quimioterapia fue de 42,32 (15,29) días y estuvo asociada al estadio tumoral ( i , 40,06 días; ii , 44,76 días; iii , 38,7 días; p=0,049), la edad (≤35 años, 37,36 días; 36-64 años, 41,49 días; ≥65 años, 52,61 días; p=0,007) y la situación laboral (en activo, 36,91 días; en paro, 45,5 días; pensionistas, 40,07 días; amas de casa, 43,1 días; p=0,038). Las pacientes mayores de 65 años recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante con más demora que las menores de 35 o entre 35 y 65 años (p=0,023 y p=0,009, respectivamente). En el análisis multivariante, las variables asociadas de forma independiente con el retraso en recibir la quimioterapia continuaron siendo la edad (p=0,019), el estadio (p=0,037) y la situación laboral (p=0,022). Conclusiones: Las pacientes recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante dentro del tiempo (3 meses desde la cirugía) definido como apropiado y durante el cual no hay pruebas de peores resultados de supervivencia. El retraso varió según la edad, el estadio y la situación laboral (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/métodos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Factores Socioeconómicos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have related the delay in starting chemotherapy (>3 months from date of surgery) with worse survival. The study objective is to analyse the delay in the start of chemotherapy and associated biomedical, sociodemographic and cultural factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cohort of women operated on for breast cancer, candidates for receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and participants in a clinical trial of non-pharmacological intervention, were surveyed regarding the delay in starting their chemotherapy, measured by the number of days from date of surgery. Differences in function of the clinical and biographical variables were studied. RESULTS: In 197 women, mean delay was 42.32 (15.29) days; this was associated with tumour stage (i, 40.06 days; ii, 44.76 days; iii, 38.7 days; P=.049), age (≤ 35, 37.36 days; 36-64, 41.49 days; ≥ 65, 52.61 days; P=.007) and occupational situation (active, 36.91 days; unemployed, 45.5 days; pensioner, 40.07 days; housewife, 43.17 days; P=.038). For patients older than 65 years, the delay in starting adjuvant chemotherapy was longer than for those in the 2 lower age groups -less than 35 years, and between 35 and 65 years- (P=.023 and P=.009 respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the variables associated independently with the delay in starting chemotherapy were again age (P=.019), tumour stage (P=.037) and occupational situation (P=.022). CONCLUSION: Patients began receiving adjuvant chemotherapy within the time period (3 months from surgery) defined as appropriate, and during which no evidence exists of worse survival results. Length of delay varied according to age, tumour stage and occupational situation.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Adulto , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Encuestas de Atención de la Salud , Humanos , Mastectomía/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Ocupaciones , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Estudios Prospectivos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Factores Socioeconómicos , España , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
AIM OF THE STUDY: The authors analyse the effect of chemotherapy on the use of additional health-care resources and report the clinical and demographic factors associated with such use. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In women with breast cancer, eligible to receive first-line (neo)-adjuvant or palliative chemotherapy, consultations with health-care practitioners (general practitioners [GPs] and specialists) and admissions to emergency department and to hospital were prospectively recorded. Differences were studied according to these clinical and demographic variables: age, tumour stage, performance status, weight, height, body mass index, surgery type, chemotherapy type, number of courses, comorbidity, marital status, educational level, social status and occupational status. RESULTS: Among 268 patients, 124 (42.2%) required one or more non-protocol health-care encounters. 180 visits were generated (GP 23.3%, specialist 35.5%, emergency department admission 21.1%, hospital admission 8.3%, others 3.3% and more than one resource 8.3%). Of total consultations 150 (83.3%) were chemotherapy-related. The number of visits was higher in the first courses. Fever and infection were the most frequent reasons for consultation in all resources. The dependent variable: 'need for non-protocol health-care encounter in any course' was statistically associated with age (p=0.002) and marital status (p=0.021); no association was found with other variables. In multivariate analysis, age (p=0.001) and marital status (p=0.009) remained statistically significant. Younger and married patients consumed less extra health resources. CONCLUDING STATEMENT: Many patients receiving chemotherapy consume health-care resources in addition to their routine visits, usually treatment-related. Patients consult less in the later courses. Older and unmarried women in particular need extra care during chemotherapy.