RESUMEN

The sleep EEGs of many children with neurodevelopmental disorders reveal epileptiform activity. The aim of this study was to compare spike index (SI) in full-night recordings with SI in sleep-deprived EEGs in the morning; EEGs were obtained over 24 hours using ambulatory equipment. Sixteen children between the ages of 7 and 12 years were included in the study. They had to wake up at 3:00 AM and go to sleep again at 7:30 AM. Epileptiform activity was quantified, and SIs of full-night and morning recordings were compared. Two patients did not fall asleep. In one recording there was a technical problem that made calculations impossible. SIs calculated from EEGs obtained during a short nap in the morning were comparable to those calculated from full-night recordings. There seems to be a higher failure rate during morning recordings because of patients not falling asleep.

Asunto(s)

Ondas Encefálicas/fisiología , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia/fisiopatología , Privación de Sueño/fisiopatología , Sueño/fisiología , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/fisiopatología , Trastorno Autístico/fisiopatología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Vigilia/fisiología

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between CSF hypocretin-1 levels and clinical profiles in narcolepsy and CNS hypersomnia in Norwegian patients. METHOD: CSF hypocretin-1 was measured by a sensitive radioimmunoassay in 47 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy, 7 with narcolepsy without cataplexy, 10 with idiopathic CNS hypersomnia, and a control group. RESULTS: Low hypocretin-1 values were found in 72% of the HLA DQB1*0602 positive patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy. Patients with low CSF hypocretin-1 levels reported more extensive muscular involvement during cataplectic attacks than patients with normal levels. Hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis occurred more frequently in patients with cataplexy than in the other patient groups, but with no correlation to hypocretin-1 levels. CONCLUSION: About three quarters of the HLA DQB1*0602 positive patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy had low CSF hypocretin-1 values, and appear to form a distinct clinical entity. Narcolepsy without cataplexy could not be distinguished from idiopathic CNS hypersomnia by clinical symptoms or biochemical findings.

Asunto(s)

Cataplejía/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Hipersomnia Idiopática/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Narcolepsia/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Neuropéptidos/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Cataplejía/diagnóstico , Cataplejía/genética , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Antígenos HLA-DQ/genética , Cadenas beta de HLA-DQ , Alucinaciones/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Alucinaciones/diagnóstico , Alucinaciones/genética , Humanos , Hipersomnia Idiopática/diagnóstico , Hipersomnia Idiopática/genética , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/genética , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Narcolepsia/diagnóstico , Narcolepsia/genética , Neuropéptidos/genética , Orexinas , Radioinmunoensayo , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Riesgo , Parálisis del Sueño/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Parálisis del Sueño/diagnóstico , Parálisis del Sueño/genética