RESUMEN
This article reviews the literature on gender and humor, including differences in humor production and outcomes. Differences in the quantity and type of humor generally correspond with gender stereotypes, and these stereotypes significantly moderate the outcomes of humor use. Regarding humor production, consistent with cultural expectations, men tend to use all types of humor styles more than women, with a greater tendency towards aggressive humor. Regarding humor outcomes, rewards and punishments are not universally given to one gender. Rewards are more likely to be given to those who adhere to stereotypes or subvert expectations in a positive manner, whereas humor that violates expectations in a negative manner is punished.
Asunto(s)
Sexismo , Estereotipo , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , AgresiónRESUMEN
Across two studies (n = 555), we examine the detrimental effects of the "angry black woman" stereotype in the workplace. Drawing on parallel-constraint-satisfaction theory, we argue that observers will be particularly sensitive to expressions of anger by black women due to widely held stereotypes. In Study 1, we examine a three-way interaction among anger, race, and gender, and find that observers are more likely to make internal attributions for expressions of anger when an individual is a black woman, which then leads to worse performance evaluations and assessments of leadership capability. In Study 2, we focus solely on women and expand our initial model by examining stereotype activation as a mechanism linking the effects of anger and race on internal attributions. We replicated findings from Study 1 and found support for stereotype activation as an underlying mechanism. We believe our work contributes to research on race, gender, and leadership, and highlights an overlooked stereotype in the management literature. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Asunto(s)
Ira , Estereotipo , Femenino , Identidad de Género , Humanos , Liderazgo , Percepción SocialRESUMEN
Although research has added to our understanding of the positive and negative effects of the use of humor at work, scholars have paid little attention to characteristics of the humor source. We argue that this is an important oversight, particularly in terms of gender. Guided by parallel-constraint-satisfaction theory (PCST), we propose that gender plays an important role in understanding when using humor at work can have costs for the humor source. Humor has the potential to be interpreted as either a functional or disruptive work behavior. Based on PCST, we argue that gender stereotypes constrain the interpretation of observed humor such that humor expressed by males is likely to be interpreted as more functional and less disruptive compared with humor expressed by females. As a result, humorous males are ascribed higher status compared with nonhumorous males, while humorous females are ascribed lower status compared with nonhumorous females. These differences have implications for subsequent performance evaluations and assessments of leadership capability. Results from an experiment with 216 participants provides support for the moderated mediation model. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).