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COVID-19 is the deadliest respiratory virus pandemic since 1918 and the latest of several coronavirus epidemics and pandemics in recent years. Despite the unprecedented response by both the government and private sectors to develop vaccines and therapies, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants resistant to these interventions reveals a crucial need for therapeutics that maintain their efficacy against current and future mutant variants. Here we describe a SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody, ABP-310, with potent activity against all variants tested including the Omicron variant. ABP-310 also displays potent neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV, highlighting the conserved nature of the ABP-310 epitope. By targeting a conserved epitope, we believe that ABP-310 has therapeutic promise not only against the current SARS-CoV-2 variants but would be expected to maintain efficacy against future variants and possibly even novel coronaviruses.

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Biliary cystadenoma is a rare benign tumour with the potential to transform into malignant carcinoma of the biliary ductal system. There is difficulty in differentiating a benign one from a malignant biliary cystadenoma, and therefore these lesions should always be completely resected. We report a case of biliary cystadenoma which underwent a complete resection.

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RESUMEN

@#Biliary cystadenoma is a rare benign tumour with the potential to transform into malignant carcinoma of the biliary ductal system. There is difficulty in differentiating a benign one from a malignant biliary cystadenoma, and therefore these lesions should always be completely resected. We report a case of biliary cystadenoma which underwent a complete resection.

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Hydatid cysts are not endemic in Malaysia and are rarely seen. We hereby report a case of hydatid cyst of the liver in a 55-year-old Chinese-Australian lady who presented with a calcified liver cyst and negative hydatid serology. A liver segmentectomy was performed and revealed a well-circumscribed, calcified liver cyst containing only creamy whitish material without the typical daughter cyst. A histological examination revealed different layers of the cyst wall and the presence of loose, calcified scolices without a daughter cyst. The case highlights the importance of considering hydatid cyst in the differential diagnosis of liver cyst even in non-endemic areas, as the ease of travelling and migration allows the condition to be seen outside the endemic region.

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The age distribution, types of infection and clinical patterns of malaria were compared in patients admitted to an urban and a rural hospital. Analysis of the cases seen in urban setting characteristically indicated a relatively low transmission rate of the disease, whereas the mean inoculation rate in patients from the rural hospital was found to be at least twenty folds higher. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant causative species in the urban hospital (p = 0.01), infecting mostly adult (p = 0.001) males (p = 0.01). The geometric mean parasite count at 3432/microl among the urban patients was significantly higher than that in the rural patients at 1422/microl (p = 0.04). Coma and death were more common among the cases seen in the urban hospital (p = 0.003), while severe anemia was the significant complication in the rural setting. Overall, the provisional diagnosis of malaria was relatively low in the urban hospital (p = 0.02). The results from this study highlighted the need to define the extent of malaria in urban areas. This report attempts to identify the non-climatic determinants of the infection and, furthermore, to provide a more informed basis to describe the burden of the disease.

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